Currently refractory and relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) continues to develope a poor prognosis, and the treatment remains a significant clinical challenge. The use of bortezomib in clinic provides a novel method for the treatment of refractory and relapsed MCL. This review summarizes the mechanism and efficiency of bortezomib in the treatment of MCL and the strategies for overcome of bortezomib resistance.

Primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) refers to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL),which is an uncommon extranodal lymphoma,accounting for 1 % of all NHL,5 % of extranodal lymphoma and 7 % of primary bone tumor. Currently,the diagnostic criteria of PLB includes a primary focus in a single bone; positive histological diagnosis; and no evidence of distant soft tissue or distant lymph node involvement. The diversity,hereditery,and lower incidence of PLB make it difficult to diagnose. In order to decrease the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,the clinical,pathological,and imaging characteristics of PLB in this study are analyzed.

Fibulin protein family has widely existed in the extracellular matrix, and plays an important role in maintain the stable of basement membrane, elastic fibers and loose connective tissue. Fibulin-5 (FBLN-5) is one of the members of the Fibulin protein family, which is essential to the structure function and cell mediated action. The lack of FBLN-5 will cause many diseases such as internal organ deformity. Current research suggests that changes of expression level of FBLN-5 are associated with the occurrence of tumors such as lung cancer, and also can influence the tumor proliferation, invasion and prognosis, thus may become a new molecular marker for cancer diagnosis. Therefore, in this review, we summarize and update biological characteristics and functions of FBLN-5, and its role in the development of tumor formation mechanism.

OBJECTIVE:To determine whether bacterial endotoxins test(BET) can replace the pyrogen test for the sodium bicarbonate injection.METHODS:The comparative experiment of tachypleus amebocyte lysate(TAL) and rabbits were studied to determine the sensitivity.RESULTS:The sensitivity of TAL test was 0.125 EU.ml－1, 12 times higher than that of using rabbits.CONCLUSIONS:BET may replace pyrogen test.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ultrasonic extraction in the determination of Chanfukang gran- ules. METHODS: Different types of ultrasonic extractor were used to determine the same sample repeatedly .RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The extraction effects were different in using ultrasonic extractors with different power levels and ultrasonic frequency.

Oceanic carbon monoxide(CO) has been of biogeochemical interest due to its significant role in global carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect. A headspace method coupled with ta3000 trace gas analyzer system for the determination of CO in seawater was developed. The effects of temperature, equilibrium time and water/gas volume ratio on the sensitivity of headspace analysis were studied in detail. The results showed that CO concentrations in seawater were measured successfully by the 50-mL glass-only syringes with a water/gas volume ratio of 44∶ 6 and an equilibrium time of 5 min at 20 ℃ room temperature. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of concentrations of CO was 0-2.7×10~(-6), r=0.999,p<0.0001. The relative standard deviation of the analysis method was <4.4%, with a detection limit of 0.02 nmol/L. The average recovery of CO was 90.5%. The concentrations of CO in surface waters of the North Yellow Sea were measured using this method and ranged from 0.20 nmol/L to 3.13 nmol/L, indicating that this method can be successfully applied to the detection of the in situ CO concentrations in seawater.

Background and purpose:Cervical conization, including high frequency loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP) has been widely used in the treatment of cervical diseases, but how to deal with the patients with pathological positive margin is a problem for clinicians.The purpose of this study was to discuss the option of adjuvant treatment after cervical conization with positive margins for patients with cervical neoplasm.Methods:The data of 528 patients who had cervical conization from 1998 to 2008 was reviewed, among which 54 patients with pathological positive margin was retreated and analyzed.Results:Fifty-four patients were divided into observation group and treatment group, 17 cases were in observation group and 37 cases in treatmeat proup.The recurrence / duration / progress rate was 17.6%(3/17), in treatment group it was 2.7%(1/37) in observation.CINⅠ-Ⅱ positive margins in both group had no recurrence;among 14 patients with CINⅢ, 1 lesion persisted, and 1 progressed to cervical squamous cell carcinoma, none in treatment group was recurrent;For those 10 patients with micro-invasive margin-positive cases, 1 progressed to squamous cell carcinoma, the remaining 9 cases were followed up for 26 months without recurrence after operation.One case in invasive cancer group had recurrence.Conclusion:The patients with CINⅢ margin-positive patients after conization should receive individualized treatment.The patient with microinvasive carcinoma should be retreated with either re-conization or hysterectomy;if with margin-positive CINⅢ after conization, or re-conization or directly treated according to guideline addressing for ⅠB, if margin showed microinvasive carcinoma.The patients with margin-positive invasive carcinoma after conization should be treated according to guideline.

To study the underlying mechanism of vasovasotomy infertility, we set up the rabbit model and observed the levels of testosterone, IL-1 activity and TNFα, which represent the functions of monocytes and macrophages on the animal model of vasovasostomy, and probed into the in vitro effect of IL-1β on the production of testosterone by Leydig cells. Rabbit model was set up and divided into vasovasostomy fertility group (VFG) and vasovasostomy infertility group (VIG), and set up peer group of Vasectomy group (VG) and sham operation group (SOG) as controls. The results were as follows: The sperm density and total number is highest in SOG, with that in VFG markedly lower than that in SOG, but significantly higher than that in VIG. 　　1. VFG showed significant higher level of testosterone (Ts) than SOG, VG and VIG; Ts of VIG was significantly lower than SOG or VFG. In the vasovasostomy groups, sperm density is positively correlated to the level of testosterone. 　　2. The level of serum cortisol in VIG significantly higher than that in VFG, SOG, and VG. The level of serum cortisol negatively correlated to serum testosterone. 3. Serum estradiol(E2) was similar among all the groups (P＞0.05). E2/T ratio is significantly different among the groups, with that in VIG highest and that in VFG lowest. 4. Serum IL-1 activity in VIG was significantly higher than that in SOG and VFG(P＜0.05). 　　5. Serum TNFα and serum IL-1 activity share similar change, with TNFα in VG significantly higher than that in SOG(P＜0.01), VIG was the highest among the four groups(P＜0.01). Correlation test showed that serum IL-1 activity and TNFα level was negatively correlated to testosterone level; positively correlated to cortisol level and E2/T ratio. 6. Immuno-histo-chemistry of CD68 and TNFα in rabbits with vasovasostomy showed that in the testis tissue of SOG, interstitial tissue was normal with no filtration of inflammation cells including CD68 cells. In VFG and VIG, the tubules with resumed sperm production showed negative staining, and atrophic tubules and their surroundings were expression positive of CD68, with that markedly deeper in VIG than that in VFG. TNFα positive expressed granules was found only in atrophic convolted seminiferous tubules and their surroundings, with that deeper in VIG than that in VFG. 7. Culture Leydig cells were put in the following holes:(1) Control; (2) hCG; (3) IL-1; (4)IL-1 β+hCG; (5) IL-1 β+IL-1Ra; and (6) hCG+IL-1β+IL-1Ra. Determined the levels of testosterone by immuno-radiation technique. (1) IL-1 β showed no obvious effect on the Leydig cultured in vitro, but depressed the induction of Leydig cells by hCG to synthesize testosterone; (2) IL-1Ra blocked the depression of IL-1β Leydig cells' bio-synthesis of testosterone induced by hCG. In summary, one of the obvious changes in animals with vasovasotomy is low density of sperms, which is related to the lowering of testosterone. Low level of testosterone is related to the activation of monocytes and macrophages to produce IL-1 and TNFα, which negatively regulate the production of testosterone.

Objective:To prepare Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) crude protein to establish BALB/c bronchial asthma model , and to observe the morphology and degranulation of mast cells and detect related cytokines .Methods: Dermatophagoides farinae ( Der f) crude protein were prepared by trituration .30 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:PBS control group (A), asthma model group (B) and Der f crude protein treatment group (C).Group A were treated with PBS(100 μl) all the time, group B and group C were treated with 50 μg Der f crude protein mixed with 50μl alum adjuvant on day 0,day 7 and day 14.On day 28 group A and B were subcutaneous injected with PBS (100 μl) and group C were subcutaneous injected with Der f crude protein (350μg) in PBS(100 μl) at 1-day intervals.One week after the last treatment ,group A,B and C were intranasally challenged with 50 μg Der f crude protein daily for seven days .Twenty-four hours after the last challenge , airway hyper-responsiveness ( AHR) was assessed by using whole-body plethysmography .Two days post challenged , mice were sacrificed and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) was collected.Number of the total cells and eosinophil was determined .Level of IL-4,IL-10 and IFN-γcytokines in the BALF and the su-pernatant of splenocyte culture was assayed by ELISA .Level of Der f specific IgE and histamine in the sera was determined by ELISA . Airway inflammation was analyzed by HE staining .Observation of the morphology and degranulation of mast cells was analyzed by tolui -dine blue staining.Results:Compared with group B,AHR and the lung inflammation in group C were greatly reduced (P<0.01). Numbers of total cells and eosinophils in BALF of group C were significantly lower than that of group B ( P<0.01 ) .Compared with group B, the observation of degranulation of mast cells was insignificant in group C .Compared with group B(IgE:1.905), the level of specific IgE was significantly lower in groups C (IgE:1.278)(P<0.01).The level of IL-4 in BALF of group C was significantly lower than that of group B(P<0.01).Compared with group A and B, the level of IL-10 in BALF was significantly higher in group C (P<0.01) and the level of IFN-γin BALF of group C was significantly higher than that of group A and B (P<0.01).Compared with group B, the level of IL-4 in cultured splenocytes was significantly lower in group C (P<0.01), and the level of IL-10 and IFN-γin cultured splenocytes of group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.01).Compared with group B, the level of histamine in BALF was slightly lower in groups C (P<0.05), and the level of histamine in sera was significantly lower in groups C (P<0.05). Conclusion:The degranulation of mast cells of murine bronchial asthma model was suppressed after the desensitization therapy .

To explore the effects of serum insulin on the expression of ChREBP, ACC and FAS in vivo, KKAy mice which were characterized with high levels of both serum insulin and glucose and DIO mice which were characterized with high serum insulin level alone were utilized, separately. The age-matched C57BL/6J mice fed with standard chow were used as normal control (Con). Expressions of hepatic ChREBP, ACC and FAS were detected by Western blotting. As the results, in KKAy mice, a positive correlation between the levels of serum insulin and glucose (r = 0.902, P < 0.000), as well as between the levels of serum insulin and TG (r = 0.732, P < 0.000), was observed. Meanwhile, the expressions of hepatic ChREBP, ACC and FAS increased significantly and accompanied with its hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, separately. In DIO mice, correlation between the levels of serum insulin and TG (r = 0.722, P < 0.001) also showed positive, and the expressions of hepatic ChREBP, ACC and FAS increased significantly and also accompanied with its hyperinsulinemia. However, their blood glucose values were almost normal. These demonstrated that hyperinsulinemia may cause glycolipid metabolic disorders by up-regulating the expression of ChREBP in vivo.