Currently refractory and relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) continues to develope a poor prognosis, and the treatment remains a significant clinical challenge. The use of bortezomib in clinic provides a novel method for the treatment of refractory and relapsed MCL. This review summarizes the mechanism and efficiency of bortezomib in the treatment of MCL and the strategies for overcome of bortezomib resistance.

Primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) refers to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL),which is an uncommon extranodal lymphoma,accounting for 1 % of all NHL,5 % of extranodal lymphoma and 7 % of primary bone tumor. Currently,the diagnostic criteria of PLB includes a primary focus in a single bone; positive histological diagnosis; and no evidence of distant soft tissue or distant lymph node involvement. The diversity,hereditery,and lower incidence of PLB make it difficult to diagnose. In order to decrease the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis,the clinical,pathological,and imaging characteristics of PLB in this study are analyzed.

Objective There are quite a few chemotherapeutic adjuvants for the treatment of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma, but all have their adverse effects. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of the induction chemotherapy of S?1 plus docetaxel and cisplatin in the treatment of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Totally, 84 patients with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into an observation and a control group of equal number, the former trea?ted with S?1 plus docetaxel and cisplatin and the latter with 5?fluorouracil, docetaxel and cisplatinand, both for two cycles ( 1 cycle =21 d) . Then the effects and adverse events were evaluated and compared between the two groups of patients. Results No statistically significant differences were observed in the response rate between the observation and control groups of patients (76.19% vs 73.81%, P>0.05). The incidence rates of adverse events, such as nausea and vomiting (66.67% vs 88.10%, P<0.05) and phlebitis (0 vs 19.05%, P<0.05) , were remarkably lower in the former than in the latter group. Conclusion S?1 plus docetaxel and cisplatin is a reli?able induction chemotherapy with few adverse effects in the treatment of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective Lipid metabolism disorder can lead to male sterility, but its mechanism of affecting spermatogenesis and testis microenvironment remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the effects of high fat diet on reproductive function and the expression of Ox-LDL within testis in male mice. Methods 16 C57BL/6 mice aged 8 weeks were divided into two groups by random number table method.High fat diet group was fed with high fat diet while normal fat diet group was fed with normal fat diet .At the end of 16 weeks, the levels of TG, TC, Ox-LDL and testosterone in serum were measured.The sperm concentration and motility from caudal epi-didymis were analyzed.The testis structure was observed by HE stai-ning.The localization and expression of Ox-LDL in testis were detec-ted by immunohistochemical technique. Results Compared with the normal diet group mice, the body weight (P<0.05) and the ser-um levels of TC [(2.31 ±0.33)mmol/L vs (6.54 ±0.31)mmol/L, P<0.01], Ox-LDL [(0.32 ±0.03)mg/L vs ( 0.44 ±0.06)mg/L, P<0.01] increased in high fat diet group mice significantly.The serum level of TG was of no significant difference(P>0.05).The serum level of testosterone[(3.64 ±0.43)mg/L vs (0.40 ±0.14) mg/L, P<0.01], the sperm concentration[(9.95 ±0.75)106/mL vs (5.66 ±1.51)106/mL, P<0.01] and the sperm motility[(54.69 ±17.84)%vs (32.48 ±5.80)%, P<0.01] decreased in high fat diet group significantly.HE staining also showed that the amount of Leydig cells, spermatids and spermatozoons reduced obvi-ously in high fat diet group.Immunohistochemistry staining showed that Ox-LDL was mainly distributed around Leydig cells of mice tes-tis.The expression of Ox-LDL in high fat diet group increased significantly ( P<0.01) . Conclusion The expression of Ox-LDL in Leydig cells of high fat diet C57BL/6J mice increases significantly, which may inhibit testosterone biosynthesis and affect spermatogen-ic function.

Purpose To investigate the clinical, imaging and pathologic characteristics of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.Methods The clinical and pathological data were reviewed in 11 cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.Results Most of these patients were male (7/11). The mean age was 57.1 years.Most tumors were located in the long bone and pelvis. Imaging showed that bones were extensively destroyed.There was calcification or ossification on focus of infection. The gross specimen showed that cartilage component was located within bone and dedifferentiated sarcoma was found out of the bone.Microscopically, well differentiated chondrosarcoma and poorly differentiated sarcoma components were observed. Six patients died and the average survival time was 14 months.Conclusions Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is an unusual subtype of chondrosarcoma with pleomorphic alterations. Further understanding the pathologic features of the tumor is important to increase the accurancy of diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:In mass spectrometry analysis, the same protein in different samples labeled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation presents the same mass-to-charge ratio, while in the tandem mass spectrometry analysis, the ion signal shows different mass-to-charge ratio (114-121). Thus the quantitative information of the related proteins can be obtained. OBJECTIVE:To establish the protein spectrum of spinal cord tissue differences proteins after acute spinal cord injury, and to explore the spinal differential protein expression on the molecular level using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation combined with LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry technique. METHODS:Eight Sprague Dawley rats were selected to establish the acute spinal cord injury models using Al en’s method. The rats were randomly divided into 0 hour spinal cord injury group and 8 hours spinal cord injury group, four rats in each group. The spinal cord tissues were col ected after injury, and the spinal cord tissue differences proteins were analyzed with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation technique after acute spinal cord injury. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 220 differential y expressed proteins were identified in this research, the number of up-regulation proteins was 116 and the number of down-regulation proteins was 104. There were 12 differential proteins related to neural regeneration, and among the 12 proteins, there were seven up-regulation proteins and five down-regulation proteins. The various identified differential proteins and significantly expressed nerve growth factors in this experiment can be used as the biomarkers of acute spinal cord injury or used as the strong evidence for the clinical management and monitoring of the injury process and target therapy of acute spinal cord injury, as wel as the effect evaluation.

Objective Assisted reproductive technology ( ART) is associated with an increased incidence of offspring de-fects.The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of embryo vitrification in in vitro fertilization ( IVF) on the growth and devel-opment of the offspring by comparing the development status of mouse offspring from fresh embryo versus vitrified embryo transplanta-tion. Methods This study included three groups of mouse offspring , from natural fertilization ( n=12 ) , fresh embryo transplanta-tion (FET, n=9), and vitrified embryo transplantation (VET, n=9).We compared the body weight and body fat content in the sex-ually mature stage among the three groups of mice . Results No obvious differences were found in the morphology of the embryos be-tween the FET and VET groups .The body weight of the mouse offspring was significantly higher in the VET than in the natural control group at 0 postnatal (PN) week (P<0.01) and 12 PN weeks (P<0.01), and so was it in the FET group than in the control at 0 PN week (P<0.01) and 6 PN weeks (P<0.05).The body fat content at sexual maturity was remarkably higher in the VET than in the FET and control groups ([9.32 ±4.34] vs [5.24 ±2.56] and [2.80 ± 0.48] g, P<0.05), and so was the muscle content in the VET than in the control ([33.77 ±4.22] vs [27.50 ±1.79] g, P<0.01). Conclusion In IVF, fresh embryo transplantation has less interference with the growth and development of mouse offspring than vitri-fied embryo transplantation .

Objective To detect the effect of E6AP on gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration.Methods The expression of E6AP in different gastric cancer cell lines and normal gastric mucosa epithelial cell lines was detected by Western blotting.Gastric cancer cells BGC-823 stably expressing E6AP short hairpan RNA(shRNA) were obtained by lentiviral vector of E6AP.The effect of E6AP on BGC-823 cell growth and migration was determined by CCK-8 kit, Tran-swell and wound healing assay.Results Gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 in which E6AP was stably knocked down was established.Knockdown of E6AP inhibited the proliferation and migration of BGC-823 cells.Conclusion E6AP plays a key role in gastric cancer proliferation and migration.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of venous anastomosis by using microvascular coupler during repair and reconstruction surgery after recection of tumor in oral and maxillofacial area. Methods: 20 patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor were chosen for repair of the defects via free flap. Microvascular coupler was applied to combine venous system,however,traditional methods were used in arterial anastomosis. Results: The average time of venous anastomosis using microvascular coupler was (5. 75 ± 0. 53) min,none of the cases were suffered from thrombosis after surgery. Vascular nerosis resulted from arterial spasm occured in 1 flap,reaching the flap survival rate of 95％(19 /20). Neck bleeding occurred in 1 case after surgery,the reflux of the anastomosed vein went smoothly when the blood clot was cleared,flap healing was unaffected. In another case,the coupler released during the surgery due to thick blood vessel wall as well as hypertension among the anastomotic edge,the vessels were manually sutured. Conclusion: With the appropriate indications, application of microvascular coupler may shorten the operating time,without affecting the effect of vascular anastomosis. The possibility of coupler loosing should be alarmed when bumped into great anastomotic tension or thick wall of the vein.

Critical ultrasonography(CUS) is different from the traditional diagnostic ultrasound,the examiner and interpreter of the image are critical care medicine physicians.The core content of CUS is to evaluate the pathophysiological changes of organs and systems and etiology changes.With the idea of critical care medicine as the soul,it can integrate the above information and clinical information,bedside real-time diagnosis and titration treatment,and evaluate the therapeutic effect so as to improve the outcome.CUS is a traditional technique which is applied as a new application method.The consensus of experts on critical ultrasonography in China released in 2016 put forward consensus suggestions on the concept,implementation and application of CUS.It should be further emphasized that the accurate and objective assessment and implementation of CUS requires the standardization of ultrasound image acquisition and the need to establish a CUS procedure.At the same time,the standardized training for CUS accepted by critical care medicine physicians requires the application of technical specifications,and the establishment of technical specifications is the basis for the quality control and continuous improvement of CUS.Chinese Critical Ultrasound Study Group and Critical Hemodynamic Therapy Collabration Group,based on the rich experience of clinical practice in critical care and research,combined with the essence of CUS,to learn the traditional ultrasonic essence,established the clinical application technical specifications of CUS,including in five parts:basic view and relevant indicators to obtain in CUS;basic norms for viscera organ assessment and special assessment;standardized processes and systematic inspection programs;examples of CUS applications;CUS training and the application of qualification certification.The establishment of applied technology standard is helpful for standardized training and clinical correct implementation.It is helpful for clinical evaluation and correct guidance treatment,and is also helpful for quality control and continuous improvement of CUS application.