OBJECTIVE:To study the process and mechanism of thermal decomposition of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride(CPLX).METHODS:With Al2O3 as reference substance,the samples in nitrogen gas were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetry(TG),digital thermogravimetry(DTG).The thermal kinetic parameters including the energy of activation(E),pre-exponential factor(A),reaction order(n) and pk value were computed based on the data of the thermal analysis curves.RESULTS:The thermal kinetic parameters were as follows:E=101.18 kJ?mol-1,lnA=26.96 s-,n=1,and pk=7.01,and the storage life of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride under normal temperature was 2 years.CONCLUSION:The thermal analysis method is simple and the result is reliable in the study of thermal decomposition of ciprofloxa-cin hydrochloride.

Objective To explore the relationship between the level of serum homocysteinaemia(Hcy) and the carotid artery atherosclerosis(CAA),and its change after intervention therapy with folate acid and VitaminB12 (VitB12). Methods The levels of serum Hcy,folate acid and VitB12 were measured in 169 patients with cerebral infarction(CI group) and 110 normal controls(NC group). The condition of carotid arteries was checked by color dopper flow image in CI group. The relationship between the level of serum Hcy and folate acid,VitB12 and CAA condition were analysed. The change of serum Hcy level was observed after intervention treatment of folate acid and VitB12 for 4 weeks in CI patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia.Results Compared with the NC group,the level of serum Hcy was significant higher in CI group(P

Objective To investigate the quality of life for clinical patients with malignant tumors and the influencing factors so as to provide health departments with basis for improvement. Methods(Using) methods of interviews and questionnaires,investigations were made on the quality of life for 639 patients with malignant tumors diagnosed between January 2001 and July 2002 in the various cities and regions of Sichuan and the influencing factors by means of filling out quality of life assessment scales.(Results) The quality of life for patients with malignant tumors was in general pretty low,scoring 54.40?10.95.Careers in management were positively related to psychological status(P

AIM:To investigate whether hypoxic preconditioning(HPC)protects cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells against oxidative injury,and to discuss whether calreticulin(CRT)contribute to this protection through p38 MAPK signaling pathway.METHODS:Cardiomyoblast H9c2 cells were randomly divided into eight groups as follows:hydrogen peroxide stress(H2O2);brief hypoxic exposure of 20 min to simulate hypoxic preconditioning(HPC);20 min of hypoxic exposure followed by 24 h of normoxic reoxygenation before hydrogen peroxide stress(HPC+H2O2),SB203580(the specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK)+HPC+H2O2,antisense oligonucleotides transfection of calreticulin(AS),AS+H2O2,AS+HPC+H2O2 and control.Morphological studies,estimation of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)leakage and flow cytometry were employed to assess the cell apoptosis and necrosis.RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis was used to detect calreticulin expression and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK.RESULTS:The results obtained are as follows:(1)HPC relieved cell injury caused by H2O2.Compared with those in H2O2 group,apoptosis rate and LDH leakage in culture medium in HPC + H2O2 group decreased 13.4% and 44.0%,respectively(P

AIM: To investigate the CE fingerprint of the compound Shengmai Powder(Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng rubra,Radix Ophiopogonis,Fructus Schisandrae chinensis). METHODS: Sequential uniform design was used to optimize the separation conditions. A CE fingerprint for Shengmai Powder was established using buffer comprising 44 mmol/L borate and 34 mmol/L SDS at pH 9. 5,a running voltage of 25 kV,a capillary temperature of 25 ?C and a wavelength of 200 nm. The sample was injected at a pressure of 50 mbar for 100 s. RESULTS: From the fingerprints of eleven batches of sample solutions,twenty main common peaks were determined. four peaks came from Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,six peaks from Radix Ophiopogonis,thirteen peaks from Fructus Schisandrae chinensis,three peaks shared by Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng and Radix Ophiopogonis,one peak shared by Radix Ophiopogonis and Fructus Schisandrae chinensis and one new constituent. CONCLUSION: The developed method is accurate and reliable,and the fingerprint analysis can be used for the quality assessment and control of compound Shengmai Powder.

Objective To evaluate the energy metabolism of normal muscle in different age group.Methods Noninvasive 31P-MRS was acquired from quadriceps muscles in healthy people including 10 adults and 6 juvenile.Peak areas were standardized for longitudinal saturation and coil inhomogeneity.The concentration of phosphomonoesterase(PME),inorganic phosphate(Pi),phosphodiesterase(PDE),phosphocreatine(CrP)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)was determined from spectra.Concentrations of adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and phosphorylation potential(PP)were calculated from the biochemistry reaction equilibrium.Enzymatically active magnesium ATP complex Mg-ATP and pH value were determined from relative chemical shift.Results Normal muscle had prominent high energy phosphate peaks,the mean concentration of CP and ATP was 24.76 and 18.38 mmol/kg in adults,25.52 and 21.36 mmol/kg in young subject.In comparison with adult group,young subjects had lower PDE and higher ATP values.pH value,magnesium ATP and total magnesium were higher in young subjects too.Pi,CP,ADP,PP,free Mg2+ and free ATP concentration were similar in both group.Conclusion High energy compounds were slightly higher in juvenile subjects.31P-MRS is a noninvasive technique to evaluate energy metabolism in different age group.

Objective To compare the body composition of diabetic and healthy subjects and to investigate the correlation between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Body composition was analyzed in 80 type 2 diabetic patients (diabetes group) and 80 healthy subjects (control group) selected at random.They were measured for body fat mass,visceral fat area,sketedtal muscle mass,waist-hip ratio,the content of protein and mineral,etc.The blood glucose,blood fat,insulin resistance index (Homa-IR) and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) were also measured.Results The means of body fat mass((19.68 ± 6.78)kg),percent body fat ((29.87 ± 8.04) ％),obesity degree ((115.93 ± 15.94) ％),visceral fat area ((104.48 ± 36.19) cm2),Body mass index(BMI) ((24.85 ± 3.51) kg/m2),chest circumference ((94.06 ±7.86) cm),waist circumference ((85.18 ± 9.50) cm) and waist-hip ratio (0.90 ± 0.05) were significantly higher than the means of healthy subjects'weight control ((-4.08 ± 6.79) kg),body fat mass ((17.31 ± 5.55)kg),percent body fat ((27.38 ± 6.47)％),obesity degree((108.88 ± 13.80)％),visceral fat area ((85.44 ±44.04) cm2),BMI ((23.43 ± 3.10) kg/m2),chest circumference ((91.11 ± 7.52) cm),waist circumference ((80.79±8.17) cm) and waist-hip ratio (0.86 ± 0.05) (t=2.55,2.30,3.12,2.86,2.73,2.28,3.12 and 4.76 respectively;P ＜0.05),body mass control ((-7.01 ± 7.49) kg),obesity control ((-8.53 ± 6.66)kg),muscles control((1.52 ± 1.43) kg) were lower than control group:the body mass control((-4.08 ±6.79) kg),obesity control ((-6.39 ± 5.78) kg),muscles control ((2.31 ± 2.09) kg).The uric acid was negatively related to weight control and obesity control (r =-0.43,-0.42 ; P ＜ 0.01),and were positively related to visceral fat area,percent body fat,waist-hip ratio,BMI,obesity degree,chest circumference,waist circumference and body fat mass (r =0.32,0.31,0.40,0.36,0.36,0.31,0.42,0.42 ; P ＜ 0.05).The triglyceride was negatively related to weight control and obesity control (r =-0.44,-0.41 ;P ＜ 0.01),and were positive related to percent body fat,waist-hip ratio,BMI,obesity degree,chest circumference,waist circumference and body fat mass(r =0.27,0.35,0.46,0.46,0.35,0.42,0.42 ;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The body fat and fat distribution are significantly different between diabetic and healthy subjects.There may be some relationship between central obesity and diabetes.

Objective To explore the effects of SLC concentration gradient on suppression of tumor immune escape. Methods According to different SLC concentration, there were six groups. The HLA-Ⅰexpression and apoptosis of MCF-7 were detected with FCM,and intracellular BCL-2 expression was analyzed by western blot. The production of TGF-? was detected with ELISA. Results In a certain range of concentration gradient, following SLC increase, HLA-Ⅰexpression level on MCF-7 was improved, and apoptosis was induced but BCL-2 expression was enhanced. Moreover, the secretion of TGF-? was suppressed. Conclusion SLC inhibites tumor immune escape.

Objective To study the risk factors,clinical manifestations,drug sensitivity and outcomes of preterm infants with aerogenes infection in NICU.Method Preterm infants diagnosed to have infection of aerogenes in our NICU during July 2014 to October 2014 were selected as the infection group in our study.Uninfected preterm infants whose gestational age and birth weight were similar to the infants in infection group were selected as the control group.The ratio of number of infants in infection group and control group was 1 ∶ 2.The basic situation,clinical application of antibiotics before infection,defecation times,invasive manipulations,and parenteral nutrition time of the two groups were retrospectively collected.The clinical manifestations,drug sensitivity and outcomes of preterm infants with aerogenes infection were analyzed.Result There were 8 infants in infection group (male:female =3∶5).The birth weight ranged from 780 to 2 760 g;and gestational age from 28 to 33 w.There were 16 infants in the control group (male:female =1 ∶ 1).The birth weight ranged from 1 070 to 1 780 g,and gestational age,from 29 to 33 w.The incidence of prenatal infection in infection group was higher than that in the control group (3/8 vs.4/16,P ＜ 0.05).Comparing the two study groups,there were statistical differences between them in the following aspects (all P ＜ 0.05):non-invasive respiratory support time [11 (6,36) d vs.4 (0,6) d] and invasive mechanical ventilation time [(1 (0,6) d vs.0 (0,0) d].All the 8 infants in infection group had pneumonia,3 of them with sepsis (1 case was extremely low birth weight infant,and 2 cases were very low birth weight infants),and one of them died from septic shock.Drug sensitivity analysis showed that aerogenes were resistant to all the third generation cephalosporins,and were sensitive to Meropenem and Piperacillin/Tazobactam.The resistance rates of Imipenem were 1/6 in the first month,2/6 in the second month,9/11 in the third month,and 2/4 in the fourth month,respectively.Conclusion Avoidance of prenatal infection and shortening of the application of ventilator may reduce the incidence of aerogenes infection.Most of infants with aerogenes infection have favourable prognosis.The resistance rate of third generation cephalosporins is very high.Aerogenes could develop resistance quickly to the antibiotics which is sensitive initially.

PBL is a new teaching method.Applying it to the teching of distribution of bacterias can fully display students'subjective initiative and have good teaching effect ant at the same time build the new model of PBL in medical education.