Objective:To discuss the application of water-aided colonoscopy in the enteroscopy, and compare with traditional air insufflations colonoscopy so as to analyze the efficacy and safety of clinical enteroscopy.Methods: 248 patients accepted with non-anesthesia colonoscopy were enrolled in this study and they were divided into two groups (water-aided group,n=124, air insufflations group,n=124) as the random number table. All clinical data of two groups were collected, and the bowel preparation statuses of patients was evaluated when the colonoscopes were taken out. During detection, the success rate of intubation, the entrance time of colonoscope, the withdrawal time of colonoscope and the total time of examinations were recorded. After detection, the pains score of patients were recorded and evaluated, and a series of auxiliary operation in the process, such as the change of body position, abdominal compression and the adjustment for hardness were recorded. Results: The differences of bowel preparation status scores of left colon, transverse colon, right colon and the whole colon between two groups were not statistically significant(t=0.98,t=0.85,t=1.07,t=1.51;P>0.05). The difference of success rate of intubation between two groups was no significant(x2=0.73,P>0.05). The entrance time, the withdrawal time of colonoscope and the total time of intubation of water-aided group were significantly higher than these of air insufflations group, while the VAS of water-aided group was significantly lower than that of air insufflations group(t=5.78,t=3.85,t=5.64, t=10.25;P<0.05). Besides, there were no significant differences in the usage rates of abdominal compression, hardness adjustment and total usage rate of auxiliary operation between two groups(t=0.92,t=1.58, t=2.07;P>0.05).Conclusion: The water-aided colonoscopy can relieve pain of patients, and it doesn't affect the success rate of intubation for cecum.

Objective:To analyze the clinical efficacy of POEM treating patient with achalasia of cardia and observe the risk factor of effecting curative efficacy.Methods: 66 patients with achalasia of cardia who were treated by using POEM were enrolled in this study, and series of indicators of esophagus dynamics including LESRP, LESP, LESRR and LESL were detected in pre and post operation. Clinical symptom score system(Eckardt score) of achalasia of cardia was adopted to evaluate the effect of surgical treatment for patients at the pre and post operation 7d, and the diameter of widest part of esophagus at pre and post operation 7d were detected. The incidence rate of pneumoderm, substernal ache, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, tunnel bleeding, postoperative reflux and esophageal perforation and other complications were analyzed and the relative risk factors of effecting curative effect were observed.Results: The LESRP and LESP of patients with achalasia of cardia of post-operative 7d were significantly lower than that of pre-operative 7d(t=12.74,t=17.56,P<0.05), while the LESRR and LESL of post operative 7d were significantly higher than that of pre-operative 7d(t=9.10,t=14.86,P<0.05) , respectively. And the Eckardt score and widest diameter of post-operative 7d were significantly lower than that of pre-operation(t=19.49, t=7.83,P<0.05), respectively. Besides, the incidence rate of complication of patients in post-operation was 48.48％. As the results of Logistic regression, age, Chicago type and Ling type were the risk factors that affect curative effect of POEM for achalasia of chardia. And as the analysis, the prognosis was better when the patient's age was less than 60 years, Chicago II type and Ling type.Conclusion: POEM can significantly improve the indicators of esophagus dynamics, and the complication will be few and the curative effect will be exact in middle and short term of post-operation by using this method. Therefore, it is a safe and effective surgical mode.

asic life care should be carried out immediately.

Electromagnetic tracking is a method to track the position and space attitude of objects utilizing electromagnetic field. In this paper, the main methods during the development of Electromagnetic tracking are summarized and classified according to the magnetic field generation method, the number of magnetic sources and sensors used, the configuration and geometry of them. Tracking algorithm and calibration methods are also discussed. The critical issues during the development of electromagnetic tracking are analyzed, with the hope of helping the further research and application of electromagnetic tracking.
Algorithms ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Phantoms, Imaging

Objective To observe the effects of physical agents therapy on serum hs-CRP, TNF-α andadiponectin in patients with cerebral infarction and the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods Sixty patientswith cerebral infarction were randomly and equally divided into two groups: 30 cases were treated with physical a-gents therapy ( physical therapy group) , and 30 with drugs only ( drug treated group). Thirty normal subjectsserved as the control group. The level of hs-CRP in the serum was determined by latex agglutination reaction, TNF-and adiponectin were determined by using ELISA before and after therapy. Results The levels of serum hs-CRP and TNF-α of patients with cerebral infarction before therapy were much higher than those of the control group,but adiponectin was significantly lower than those of the control group( P < 0.01 ). After therapy, the levels of ser-um hs-CRP and TNF-α were decreased and adiponectin was increased significantly in both treated groups ( P <0.01 ). Comparison with two treated groups showed that the levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α were lower and adiponec-tin was obviously higher in physical agents therapy group than those in the drug treated group ( P < 0.05 ). Con-clusion The patients with cerebral infarction have low level of serum adiponectin. Physical therapy might exertbeneficial effects on patients with cerebral infarction by the decreasing serum hs-CRP and TNF-α, as well as by ele-vating adiponectin.

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture-moxibustion on the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and suppressor of cytokine signaling-2 (SOCS2) in colonic mucosa of rat models of ulcerative colitis (UC), and explore the mechanism of acupuncture- moxibustion therapy in treating UC. Methods: The rats were randomized into a normal control (NC) group, a model control (MC) group, an herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) group and an electroacupuncture (EA) group, 8 in each group. The rat models of UC were established by immunological methods combined with local stimulation. The rats in the HPM and EA groups were given herb-partitioned moxibustion and electroacupuncture treatments respectively, once every day, lasting for 14 d. The morphological variations of rat's colonic mucosa were observed under light microscope; the colonic mucosal mucin was detected by PAS-AB and HID-AB staining methods; the expression of IGF-1 and SOCS2 was assayed by the immunohistochemical method. Results: In the rat models of UC, ulceration and inflammation of the colon were revealed by light microscope. The concentration of colonic mucosal mucin was reduced (P<0.01), while the expression of IGF-1 had an increase (P<0.01), and the expression of SOCS2 was reduced (P<0.01). After HPM or EA treatment, the pathological injuries of colonic mucosa had improved, the concentration of mucin increased (P<0.01), the expression of IGF-1 decreased (P<0.01), and the expression of SOCS2 increased (P<0.01). Conclusion: The secretion of mucosal mucin in rat UC decreased, the expression of IGF-1 was significantly higher, while the expression of SOCS2 was remarkably lower; both HPM and EA can help improve the damage of colonic mucosa in rat UC, and modulate the secretion of mucin, as well as regulate the expression of IGF-1 and SOCS2 in the colonic mucosa.

Objective:To study the curative efficacy of wenxin granule combined with propafenone in the treatment of arrhythmia and its effects on the serum levels ofhs-CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and heart function.Methods:96 patients of arrhythmia who were treated from July 2014 to October 2016 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group (n=48) and the control group (n=48).The control group was treated with propafenone,while the observation group was treated with wenxin granuleon.Then the serum levels of hs-CRP,TNF-α and IL-6,heart function,clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The serum levels of hs-CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05);the left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly higher than that of control group(P＜0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Wenxin granule combined with propafenone was effective for arrhythmia,it could effectively improve the heart function and high safety,which might be related to the decrease of serum hs-CRP,TNF-and IL-6 levels.

Objective To evaluate the influence of tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2(TFPI-2)gene on the proliferation and invasion of K562.Methods The expression vector pcDNA3.0/TFPI-2 was transfected into human leukemia line K562 cells(K562-T)by using liposome,then the mRNA and protein TFPI-2 were detected by real-time RT-PCR and western blot separately.The growth curve and the colony-forming unit assay were used to measure the ability of cells growth and transwell chamber model was employed to test the ability of cell invasion in vitro.Results Expression of mRNA and protein of TFPI-2 was detected in transfected cells.The growth rate and self-replication ability of K562-T cells were lower than those of the two control groups obviously.The number of K562-T cells to traverse a Matrigel-coated membrane was dramatically decreased compared with that of non-expressing cells.Conclusion The gene of TFPI-2 can inhibit the growth,proliferation and invasion of the K562 cells.

Objective To understand the expiration date of alcohol-based hand disinfectant after it is opened for use,and provide reference for rational clinical application of alcohol-based hand disinfectant.Methods 20 bottles of the same brand alcohol-based hand disinfectant which opened at the same time by the clinical departments were selected as the study object,hand hygiene compliance in theses departments ranked fourth from the end in the hospital,specimens were taken on the first day after opening,and repeated every 10 days until the disinfectant was used up.Hand specimens were also taken after disinfected by disinfectant.Qualified condition of disinfectant and hand specimens was detected.Results A total of 98 disinfectant specimens were collected,by naked eye observation,20 bottles of alcohol-based hand disinfectant were free of discoloration,precipitation,and suspended matter during the whole study period.The qualified detection rates of alcohol-based hand disinfectant within 60 days after opening were all 100%.44 hand specimens were taken and detected after disinfection,3 of which were unqualified(all were disinfected by alcohol-based hand disinfectant 50 days after opening),then detected again after disinfected by the same batch of disinfectant,all were qualified,which suggested that unqualified detection result of hand specimens was not due to disinfectant.Conclusion Alcohol-based hand disinfectant still has a good bactericidal effect on the sixth day after opening.

Objective To explore the relationship between intracellular concentration of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in ATO-resistant K562 cells (K562/AS2) and ATO resistance level.Methods The K562/AS2 cells were established by gradually increasing the concentration of ATO from the parental cell line,K562.Arsenic concentration was measured with atomic fluorescence photometry.Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay.Results At exposure to 1 μg/ml ATO for 24 h,48 h and 72 h,the arsenic concentration in the K562/S cells were all significantly higher than that in the K562/AS2 cells,(15.63± 0.42) μg/L vs 0 μg/L,(22.27±0.15) μg/L vs (3.51±0.12) μg/L and (24.31±0.21) μg/L vs (3.61±0.11) μg/L (P ＜ 0.05).With increasing concentration and the extension of incubation time,concentration of arsenic in cells was gradually increased (P ＜ 0.05),which increase quickly between 1 μg/ml and 2 μg/ml.The growth inhibition rate of K562/AS2 cells was also gradually increased (P ＜ 0.05),which increased quickly between 1 μg/ml and 2 μg/ml.Linear correlation analysis showed that when the K562/AS2 cells was exposed to ATO for 24 h,48 h and 72 h,respectively,the cell growth inhibition rates were positively correlated with the intracellular concentration of ATO.Conclusions Either increasing concentrations of ATO or prolonging the exposure time to ATO can increase intracellular concentration of ATO in ATO-resistant cells,and intracellular arsenic concentration is positively related to the cytotoxicity of ATO to K562/AS2 cells.Therefore,the sensitivity to ATO of ATOresistant K562 cells could be restored by increasing the intracellular concentration of ATO.