Objective To assess the association between the depth of trophoblastic penetration into the tubal wall with serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG). Meth-ods Eighty patients with a diagnosis of tubal pregnancy in the ampullary region underwent radical surgical treatment (sal-pingectomy), were included in this study. The serum levels of VEGF andβ-HCG were detected on the day of surgery. The se-rum level of VEGF was measured by ELISA. The serum level ofβ-HCG was quantified with a two-site immunofluorimetric assay based on the direct sandwichtechnique. Histological material was stained with Masson's trichrome to identify muscular fibers. Immunohistochemical staining was used for human placental lactogen (hPL) to identify intermediate trophoblast and determine the depth of trophoblastic invasion into the tubal wall. The ampullary pregnancies were classified histologically ac-cording to the depth of trophoblastic infiltration into the tubal wall. Results The mean serum values of VEGF andβ-HCG were significantly lower in patients with stage I tubal infiltration than those of stageⅡ, and which were significantly lower in patients with stageⅡthan those in stageⅢ(P<0.05). The threshold serum value of VEGF was 308.6 ng/L, the sensitivity was 100.0%and the specificity was 92.6%for stageⅠand stageⅡ. The threshold serum value of VEGF was 431.9 ng/L, the sensitivity was 79.3%and specificity was 79.2%for stageⅡandⅢ. The threshold serum value ofβ-hCG was 2 509.6 IU/L, the sensitivity was 91.7%and specificity was 81.5%for stageⅠand stageⅡ, and levels of 13 142.6 IU/L, 72.4%and 95.8%for stageⅡand stageⅢ. Conclusion The depth of trophoblastic penetration into the tubal wall is associated with maternal serum concentrations of VEGF andβ-HCG, which can be used as the evaluation index for histological staging of trophoblas-tic tissue infiltration.

Objective : To study plasma N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP ) level difference be-tween Han nationality and Uighur nationality patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Xinjiang .Methods : A total of 482 Uygur and Han nationalities ACS patients (uighur : 212 cases , han : 270 cases) hospitalized from May 2012 to Aug 2013 were selected . According to ACS types , they were divided into unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group (n = 234) ,acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group (n = 166) and acute non- ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) group (n = 82) .All patients received coronary angiography (CAG) and their NT-proBNP levels were compared .Results : ① CAG results indicated that Uygur nationality ACS patients were mainly multi-vessel coronary disease and the percentage was significantly higher than that of Han na - tionality ACS patients (61.32% vs .40.00% ) ; ② Compared with Han nationality ACS patients ,there were significant rise in NT-proBNP levels [UAP : 168.5 (70.6 ~ 272.5) pg/ml vs .383.2 (210.3 ~ 739.5 ) pg/ml ,STEMI : 618.5 (231.7 ~ 1387) pg/ml vs .1209.5 (908 ~ 3214) pg/ml ,NSTEMI : 446.7 (252.21 ~ 831.92) pg/ml vs .1066 (928 ~ 3448.25) pg/ml] in Uygur nationality ACS patients ; ③ Compared with Han nationality ACS patients ,there were significant rise in NT-proBNP levels [Single vessel : 221.7 (20 ~ 2851) pg/ml vs .557.1 (125 ~ 1956.2) pg/ ml ,double-vessel : 421.2 (75.2 ~ 3401.5) pg/ml vs .610.5 (174.4 ~ 5679.1) pg/ml ,multi-vessel : 648.2 (142.4 ~ 3850) pg/ml vs .812.3 (154.8 ~ 6832.5) pg/ml] in Uygur nationality patients with different number of diseased coronary vessels , P < 0.05 ~ < 0.01 .Conclusion : NT-proBNP level in Uygur nationality ACS patients is significant - ly higher than that of Han nationality patients ,it may be related with hereditas ,living habit ,risk factor control , early diagnosis and treatment of disease ,post-discharge compliance of treatment ,which possesses important value for assessing patient′s condition .

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SPN) of Tbx20 gene and congenital atrial septal defects (ASD) in the Xinjiang Han population.Methods A total of 214 ASD patients and 382 controls were included in the present study.Two SNPs (rs17675131,rs4720169) in Tbx20 gene were genotyped by TaqMan SNP genotyping method.Results The distribution of the rs17675131 of Tbx20 were significantly different between normal controls and ASD patients (P =0.014),in which both the A/G allele distribution (P =0.004) and the dominant model (GG vs AG + AA) were significantly different between the 2 groups (P =0.007,OR =0.626).Same is true for the rs4720169 SNP.Its genotype showed significantly different distributions between the 2 groups (P =0.016) specifically for the A/G allele distribution frequencies (P =0.016) and the recessive model (AA vs AG + GG) (P =0.008,OR =1.96).The A-A haplotype was found to be associated with ASD.Conclusion Both rs17675131 and rs4720169 of Tbx20 gene are associated with congenital ASD in the Xinjiang Han population in China.

Objective:To explore the dose distribution characteristics between RapidArc and five-field intensity modulated radiotherapy(5F-IMRT) plans in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma,and to provide reference for selecting the appropriate radiation technique in clinic.Methods:Ten patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma were selected.The patients were scanned by simulation CT, and the targets and organs at risk were contoured. RapidArc plan and 5F-IMRT plan were designed respectively.The treatment time and the differences of dose distribution in the targets and organs at risk of RapidArc and 5F-IMRT plans were compared.Results:The conformal index (CI) of RapidArc plan was superior than that of 5F-IMRT plan(P=0.01).The homogeneity index (HI) of targets were similar between two plans (P>0.05).RapidArc plan decreased the maximum dose (Dmax) of the spinal cord(P=0.005);RapidArc plan decreased the mean dose(Dmean) of stomach(P=0.019);5F-IMRT plan decreased the V20 of kidney(P=0.043);RapidArc plan decreased the mean dose(Dmean) of small intestine(P=0.011).The small intestine V10 and V20 of RapidArc plan were lower than those of 5F-IMRT plan(P=0.015,P=0.14);the monitor unit (MU) of RapidArc plan was significantly lower than that of 5F-IMRT plan,with a 18% reduction from the MU level of the latter one,and the treatment time was reduced by 70.3%.RapidArc plan had the smaller doses at liver and kidney compared with 5F-IM RT plan.Conclusion:For the patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma,RapidArc plan has higher CI. RapidArc plan shows the advantages in the protection of organs.Compared with 5F-IMRT,RapidArc plan has less treatment time and significantly improves the curative efficiency.In clinic, the RapidArc plan is recommended.

Mitochondria play a central role in the regulation of energy metabolism and signal transduction in eukaryotic cells. Although many fluorescent labeling strategies have been developed for mitochondrial studies, the methods that enable labeling efficiency assessment at the single-mitochondrion level are still lacking. By employing the unique advantages of high sensitivity flow cytometry ( HSFCM ) in the sensitive, rapid, and quantitative multiparameter analysis of individual mitochondria, here we examined the performance of several different mitochondrial labeling strategies from the perspectives of brightness, labeling ratio, and stability. Mitochondria isolated from HeLa cells transfected with pAcGFP1-Mito plasmid upon transient or stable transfections, and mitochondria directly labeled with MitoTracker Green or SYTO 62 were analyzed by a laboratory-built three-channel HSFCM. Upon the quantitative measurement of fluorescence brightness, it was found that the fluorescence intensity of green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) in mitochondria isolated from cells with stable transfection was about 17. 7-fold higher than the transient transfection ones, and was approximately two orders of magnitude brighter than mitochondria labeled with MitoTracker Green. On the other hand, the fluorescence signal of SYTO 62 labeling decreased upon washing, indicating its rapid dissociation rate. The strong fluorescence intensity and good labeling stability make stable transfection an efficient method to label mitochondria. The experimental results demonstrates that HSFCM provides a powerful analytical tool to assess the performance of mitochondrial fluorescence labeling via high throughput single mitochondria analysis.

Objective To study the activation of TLRs/NF-κB signal pathway and production of different functional cytokines during invasive pulmonary aspergillosis( IPA) , in order to probe the pathogene-sis of IPA. Methods Mouse were randomly divided into normal, normal + inoculated with Aspergillus fumigatus( normal inoculation group), and immune suppression + inoculation with Aspergillus fumigatus (IPAmodel group) , the mouse were killed at different time points after inhaling Aspergillus fumigatus spores by nose. Removing the lung tissue in a sterile manner and making pathological section respectively, counting Aspergillus fumigatus colony, dynamiclly detecting the expression of TLR2, TLR4 mRNA, variation of NF-κB p65 protein, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 levels in the lung tissue by RT-PCR and Western blot method during Aspergillus fumigatus infection in mouse. Results (1) When it's 72 h after inhaling Aspergillus fumigatus by nose, IPA model emerged severe lung tissue inflammation, and generated a large number of hyphae, meanwhile, burthen of Aspergillus fumigatus was higher than normal inoculation group at each time point. (2)Compared with the normal inoculation group, IPA group whose TLR2 mRNA was low expression at early stage of infection (24 h), and emerged high expression at late stage of infection (120 h, 144 h); and TLR4 mRNA has been at a state of low expression in the infection process; NF-κB p65 suddenly increased at early stage of infection(24 h) and then continued to decline. (3) After infected by Aspergillus fumigatus in normal mouse, proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β in lung exhibited high expression at the early stages of infection, and the highest expression levels appeared at 48 h or 72 h, then decreased and recovered to normal level. And the expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 rised at late stage of infection; The IP A mouse released a lot of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 at early stage of infection, which significantly reduced at late stage, and released pro-inflammatory cyto-kines TNF-α, IL-1β at slow and low level. Conclusion The abnormal activation of TLRs/NF-β signaling pathway caused the loss of dynamic balance between pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to the occurrence and development of IPA.

Objective To investigate the association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene polymorphism (-1562C ＞ T/R279Q) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Uygur nationality of Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China. Methods A total of 352 patients with ACS including 213 patients with unstable angina pectoris and 139 patients with acute myocardial infarction evidenced by using coronary arteriography and 421 control subjects were recruited in this study. The MMP-9-1562C ＞ T and R279Q genotypes were detemined by using PCR-RFLP method. The relationship between the polymorphism in the MMP-9 gene and the severity of coronary arterial stenosis was analyzed. All polymorphisms were determined for confimation with Hardy-Weinberg expectations in both groups separately. Differences in distributions of genotypes and alleles between two groups were analyzed with x2 test. The association between the MMP-9 polymorphisms and the risk of ACS was estimated by odds ratio(Ors) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the comprehensive evaluation of the factors associated with ACS was determined by using multifactor logistic regression. P ＜ 0. 05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The genotype frequencies for CT + TT genotypes and T allele were 25.9 and14.5 percent in ACS subjects and 15.7 and 8.4 percent in control subjects, respectively. The genotype frequencies were different significantly between the two groups (x2 = 12.26,P ＜ 0.01;x2 = 14.15,P ＜ 0.01, respectively). No relationship between R279Q polymorphism and ACS was found in this study ( P ＞ 0.05). The multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the T allele carrier (CT + TT) significantly increased the risk of ACS compared with the CC genotype ( OR = 1.791,95 % CI: 1. 088 - 2.951, P = 0.022) after adjustment for tradition risk factors. The frequencies for CT + TT and CC genotypes of the -1562C ＞ T polymorphism were not statistically different among ACS patients with one, two and three or more significantly diseased vessels ( x2 = 1.15, P = 0.56). Conclusions The findings suggest that the polymorphism in MMP-9 gene promoter (-1562C ＞ T) is associated with the susceptibility to the ACS. The T allele might be an independent risk factor for the ACS. But the -1562C ＞ T polymorphism may not be useful as a predictor of the severity of coronary arterial stenosis. The R279Q polymorphism of MMP-9 gene was not significantly associated with ACS in this studied population.

Objective To study the pathophysiology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS)-related osteoporosis by investigating the relation between bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers.Methods Fortysix AS patients were included in this study,including 35 male and 11 female patients.Twenty-five gender and age matched healthy subjects were served as the healthy control group.Informed consents were obtained from all subjects.BMD of lumbar spine (L2-4),fermoral neck and radius were tested using dual-energy X-ray absorption method.Data about BASDAi,ESR,Ig was collected.Bone formation markers including procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal peptide (PINP) and osteocalcin (OC) were included for analysis,the formal was measured by radioimmunoassay and the later was measured by immunoradiometric assay and bone resorption marker.β-Crosslaps was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.Independent-samples t test was used to compare normal distributed data between the two groups.Analysis of variance was used to compare the data between the three groups.For those data which were not normally distributed,Rank sum test was performed.Correlations were determined by Pearson or Spearman's ranking.Results ① 48％ of AS patients had bone loss,while the percentage in the healthy control group was 20％ (x2=5.32,P=0.021).BMD of lumbar spine,fermoral neck and radius of the AS patients were lower than the controls (t=-3.73,-3.68,-5.24; P＜0.05).② Bone density (BMD) of lumbar spine in patients at the late stage was higher than patients at early disease stage (t=2.26,P=0.034),however,the BMD in the femoral neck was not.③ The procollagen (PINP),OC and β-CrossLaps were not significantly different in patients at different stage of diseases (P＞0.05).④BMD of lumbar spine was negatively correlated with the β-CrossLaps and ESR(r=-0.325,P=0.047; r=-0.314,P=0.046),The BMD in fermoral neck was negatively correlated with β-CrossLaps and OC (r=-0.387,P=0.024; r=-0.371,P=0.034),but they were not correlated with disease duration and BADSAI.Conclusion Osteoporosis is common in AS.Bone turnover markers including bone formation and bone resorption are increased in AS.β-CrossLaps is likely to predict bone loss in AS.

Objective To study the time-toxicity and dose-toxicity relationship of hepatotoxicity induced by Paracetamol Tablets (PT),Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets (CPAH),Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (CDH),and Chaiqin Qingning Capsules (CQC) with single dose in mice.Methods In the Time-Toxicity relationship study,Kunming mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC group,and mice of.each drug administration group were randomly divided into nine subgroups according to the time (1,2,4,8,12,24,48,72 and 96 h after administration) of blood collection.The acetaminophen contents in PT,CPAH,and CDH groups were 425.98 mg/kg,and the dose of CQC group was 3 680.50 mg/kg.In the Dosage-Time relationship study,mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC high,medium and low dose group.The acetaminophen contents of high,medium,and low dose were 266.24,425.98,and 681.57 mg/kg in PT,CPAH,and CDH group,and the dose of CQC group was 1437.70,2300.31,and 3680.50 mg/kg,10 mice in each group,sex in half.Blood was collected 12 h after administration.Animal behavior was observed every day,blood and organs were collected at the corresponding time points,serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level were detected,and the organs index of spleen and thymus,liver were calculated.Results There were no significant changes of ALT,AST,ALP,and organs index after once ig administration of CQC at dosage of 1437.70 mg/kg to 3680.50 mg/kg in mice.The study on time-toxicity relationship indicated that,after once administration of PT,CPAH,and CDH at 425.98 mg/kg,mice showed toxic symptom such as hypokinesia,dry hair and so on,12 h was the most obvious,24 ～ 72 h disappeared.The level of ALT,AST,and ALP in serum increased and reached to the peak at 12 h and then restored near normality after 72,24,and 24 h in PT,CPAH,and CDH group.Their organ index of liver,spleen and thymus all had no significant changes.The study on the dosage-toxicity relationship indicated that,there were no significant changes of animal behavior,ALT,AST,ALP,and organs index after once ig administration of PT,CPAH,and CDH at 266.24 mg/kg.Obvious liver injury can be induced by the three drugs with dosage of 425.98 to 681.57 mg/kg and the level of ALT,AST,and ALP increased significantly with the increase of dosage.Their liver index increased significantly with dosage of 681.57 mg/kg,but the organs index of spleen,thymus had no significant changes.Conclusion There was no hepatotoxicity after once ig administration of CQC with dosage of 3680.50 mg/kg in mice.Mice were once ig administration ofPT,CPAH,and CDH with a large dose,may induce acute liver injury and show obvious time-toxicity and dose-toxicity relationships.

Objective To study the dose-time-toxicity relationship of hepatotoxicity in mice with multiple administration of Paracetamol Tablets (PT),Compound Paracetamol and Amantadine Hydrochloride Tablets (CPAH),Compound Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Tablets (CDH),and Chaiqin Qingning capsules (CQC).Methods Mice were randomly divided into control,PT,CPAH,CDH,and CQC high,medium,and low dose groups.The acetaminophen contents of high,medium,and low doses were 266.24,425.98,and 681.57 mg/kg in PT,CPAH,and CDH groups,and the doses of CQC group were 1437.70,2300.31,and 3 680.50 mg/kg,ig administration,once daily for 5 d.General state and toxicity of mice were observed.The changes of ALT,AST,AKP,TBIL,and ALB levels in serum and organ indexes of liver,spleen,thymus,and kidney were tested on day 1,3,7,11,and 14 after multiple administration.Results CQC with the dosage range of 1 437.70-3 680.50 mg/kg to mice within 14 d,has not yet induced the increase of AST,ALT,AKP,TBIL,and ALB levels and changes of organ indexes of liver,thymus spleen,and kidney compared with normal control (P ＞ 0.05).PT,CPAH,and CDH with repeated dose of 425.98-681.57 mg/kg could induce significant increase of the levels ofALT,AST,AKP,and TBIL which reached the peak on day 1 (P ＜ 0.05),and then gradually decreased on day 3-14.The level of ALB significant decreased on day 1-11 (P ＜ 0.05),and then gradually recovered on day 11-14.The liver index significant increased on day 1-3 (P ＜ 0.05),and recovered on day 7-14.Conclusion Multiple administration of CQC could not induce liver injury in mice within 14 d,while multiple administration ofPT,CPAH,and CDH could induce hepatotocixity in mice with a certain dose,and show an obvious dose-time-toxicity relationship.