Objective Summarize the interventional nursing experiences for patients with coronary chronic total occlucion by transraidal approach. Methods Preoperative evaluation, careful psychological nursing, perioperative observation and prevetion complications were used for 105 patients with coronary chronic total occlusion when curred by transraidal approach intervention. Results There were 97 cases had successful operation, while 8 cases failure. There were 14 cases of perioperative hypotension, 6 cases of coronary acute occlusion, 4 cases of coronary perforation and 3 cases of no- reflow. There were no radial- as-sociated complication in any patients. Conclusions Effective and careful nursing measures can prevent complications.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of zhidanhuayu decoction on patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque.Methods 80 patients with carotid atherosclerosis were randomly divided into two groups, each group of 40 cases, the control group was treated with rosuvastatin calcium 20 mg, once every night.The treatment group in the control group on the basis of a scheme based on the use of night zhidanhuayu decoction water 500 mL temperature and heat to 200 mL, then add water and cook until 200 mL to 100 mL, on the afternoon of two phase decoction against half amount of clothes, a daily agent;the two groups were 3 months for 1 courses.Before and after treatment, the mean medial thickness(IMT), plaque score, blood lipid and adverse reactions were observed.Results There was significant difference between the two groups before and after treatment, the difference was significant between the medial and middle thickness(IMT), plaque score and blood lipid(P< 0.05).After treatment, compared with the control group, the treatment group and the control group, IMT, plaque score, blood lipids were statistically significant(P< 0.05).Conclusion Zhidanhuayu decoction can adjust the blood lipids, but also has the effect of anti atherosclerosis.

Objective To explore the effect of preoperative evaluation checklist in the preoperative preparation of laparoscop‐ic cholecystectomy .Methods Based on whether the preoperative evaluation checklist was used or not ,664 cases of patients were di‐vided into control group (n=350) and experimental group (n=314) .Routine preparation was used in the control group ,while the preoperative evaluation checklist made by department of hepatobiliary surgery in the second affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university was added to the experimental group .The case histories of patients in both groups were retrospectively reviewed ,so as to make comparisons of the defect of preoperative preparation ,influence to operation (delay or cancel) ,comprehension of preoperative knowledge ,and score of degree of satisfaction .Results The incidence rate of the defect of preoperative preparation in the experi‐mental group (1 .59% ) was lower than that in the control group (6 .86% ) with a statistical difference (P<0 .05) .The influence to operation (delay or cancel) in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group with a statistical difference (P<0 .05) .The comprehension of preoperative knowledge and score of degree of satisfaction in the experimental groups were obviously superior to those in the control groups ,which both had a statistical difference (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The application of preopera‐tive evaluation checklist in laparoscopic cholecystectomy could benefit for sufficient preoperative preparation ,conducting surgery as scheduled ,patients′comprehension of preoperative knowledge and patients′satisfaction of medical treatment ,which deserved widely clinical generalization .

Objective To explore the express of P-selectin in liver-tissue,on the model of HIRI in rats,we explored the pathogenesy of HIRI. Methods 32 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups randomly ( n = 8 in each group): sham operation group ( group SO ), ischemia 30 min without repe- rfusion group ( group Ⅰ),30 min reperfusion following ischemia 30 min group ( group IR30 min), one hour reperfusion following ischemia 30min group( group IR1h). The model of HIRI was maded by Pringle's hepatic vascular occlusion. The contents of P-selectin in hepatic tissue were measured by kit of SP. Results After ischemia 30 min,the content of P-selectin in hepatic tissue increased less obviously than group SO; After 1 h reperfusion, the content of P-selectin in hepatic tissue vascular endothelial and hepatocyte express more broadly than group SO. Conclusion The content of P-selectin in hepatic tissue was increased gradually in the process of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury(HIRI) in rats.

BACKGROUND: Attachment reflects the early social experience of infant, which plays an important role in later child development. Although most of the attachment develops between infant and mother, some may occur between infant and care giver or others who have close relationship with it.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the infant-mother attachment patterns and the factors related to infant attachment.DESIGN: It was a sampling investigation.SETTING: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 75 infants and their mother were selected randomly for this study in the Department of Child Health in Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital from August to October 2002.METHODS: Strange situation test (SST) was performed by 6 researchers who were trained systematically. They watched the videos collectively and classified the patterns of infant attschment based on their performance. The internal consistency coefficient was 0.90. For those inconsistent assessments, the video should be reviewed and discussed to get an accordant conclusion. In addition, a self-designed maternal questionnaire was used to investigate the general condition of the infant and the familial information.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Distribution of infant attachment patterns. ②Analysis of the risk factors related to infant attachment.RESULTS: All the 75 infants and their mother entered the statistical analysis. ①Distribution of the infant attachment patterns: In 75 infants, secure attachment was 65% and insecure attachment was 35%, among which,insecure-indifferent type was 18%, insecure-importunate type was 13%,and insecure-disorganized type was 4%. ②Analysis of the risk factors related to infant attachment Those infants with a younger age, a poor approachability (the response to strangers, new environment and objects), a closer relationship with caregiver and a more inconsistent education from the family members, are prone to develop insecure attachment.CONCLUSION: Secure attachment is dominant in infants. The security of attachment is related to the maturity and personality traits of the infants,the relationship between infant and caregiver and the educational approach for them. Key words Object attachment; Infant; Factor analysis, statistics

This paper introduces a new method which controls discharge energy accurately. It is achieved by calculating target voltage based on transthoracic impedance and accurately controlling charging voltage and discharge pulse width. A new defibrillator is designed and programmed using this method. The test results show that this method is valid and applicable to all kinds of external defibrillators.
Defibrillators ; standards ; Equipment Design

Objective To study the expression of HGF , RAGE in placentas of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and its relationship with maternal and neonatal prognosis .Methods The complete clinical datas of late pregnancy,GDM treated group 40 cases,GDM untreated group 23 cases,the control group 30 cases.Immunohisto-chemical method was used to detect HGF and RAGE in the placentas of three groups ,the maternal and neonatal prog-nosis were recorded.Results In GDM untreated group,GDM treated group and the controlled group placenta ,HGF and RAGE expressed.The expression of HGF was gradually increased ,and any comparative differences between two groups were statistically significant ( F =7.56, P <0.05 );the expression of RAGE in placentas was gradually declined ,the differences among the control group and GDM untreated ,GDM treated group were statistically significant (F=11.62,P<0.05).The rates of maternal and neonatal complications in the GDM untreated group were signifi-cantly higher than that of the GDM treated group and the control group (χ2 =7.34,13.21,9.75,6.67,15.23, 12.53,all P<0.05).Conclusion HGF and RAGE may participate in the occurrence and development of GDM and maternal and neonatal prognosis closely ,regular treatment can improve the prognosis of mothers and infants .

Objective To investigate the correlation of XRCC1 Arg194Trp Arg399Gln Single nucleotide polymor-phism (SNP) with radiotherapy response of squamous cell carcinoma of cervix. Methods Patients with exogenous type cer-vical squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by histopathology were selected for our study. These include:patients in stageⅠ(4 cases), patients in stageⅡ(36 cases), patients in stageⅢ(30 cases), patients in stageⅣ (3 cases). There are 30 patients with tumor diameter less than 4 cm and 43 patients with tumor diameter over 4 cm in our test. There are 36 cases with dose point A less than 80 Gy and 37 cases with dose point A over 80 Gy . Radiotherapy outcomes showed 47 cases of complete re-mission and 26 cases of part remission. Polymorphisms Arg194Trp, Arg399Gln of XRCC1 gene in 73 cervical cancer pa-tients were analyzed by mismatch amplification polymerase chain reaction (MAMA-PCR). Results Arg/Arg, Arg/Trp, TrP/Trp of Arg194Trp genotype distribution were 31 (42.5%), 37 (50.7%), 5 (6.8%) respectively. Arg/Arg, Arg/Gln, Gln/Gln of Arg399Gln distribution were 6 (35.6%), 39 (53.4%), 8 (11.0%) respectively. The response to radiotherapy was not statistical-ly significant in three genotypes, Arg/Arg, Arg/Trp, TrP/Trp of XRCC1 at codon 194(P>0.05). Neither was XRCC1 at codon 399. Multivariate analysis showed that late clinical stage was a risk factor of part remission. Conclusion SNP of XRCC1 gene at codon 194 and codon 399 could not predict clinical response of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of cervix to ra-diotherapy. The patients with advanced cervical cancer had poor response to radiotherapy.

Objective To study the effects of exercise on hemodynamic parameters and cardiovascular humoral factors in the elderly patients with hypertension. Methods The modified Bruce assessment (MBA) was employed in an essential hypertension (EH) group (group 1, n =34) composed by elderly EH patients and a control group (group 2, n =31) composed of normal subjects. Heart rate (HR),systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP、DBP), and the quantum and duration of exercise (QE, DE) were explored, while the serum concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin 1(ET1), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and AngiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ) were measured at 3 min before and after treatment. Results There were no significant differences between groups 1 and 2 with regard to HR, SBP, DBP, total DE and peak QE before and after treatment, in addition, at the peak of exercise ( P 0.05). Pretreatment SBP and DBP were significantly and positively correlated with those at the peak of and after treatment ( r =0.648,0.630, P