BACKGROUND:As one of common oral diseases, periodontitis is the leading cause of tooth loss in adults.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress on periodontitis treatment.
METHODS:A computer-based search was performed on the PubMed database and CNKI database for articles addressing periodontitis treatment. The key words were“periodontitis, treatment, tissue engineering, gene engineering”in English and Chinese, respectively. Final y, a total of 57 articles were included to review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently, the majority of scholars are stil focus to improve periodontal tissue, promote the regeneration and repair of periodonttal tissue. With the development of tissue engineering and gene technology in recent years, periodontitis has been treated from multiple perspectives and multiple aspects, to solve the problems of patients with periodontitis. However, some treatment methods are stil in their early stage and need in-depth research.

Objective To improve the diagnostic level by analysing and the CT features of undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of liver(UES) in 6 cases all proved by pathology. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical,pathologic,and imaging features in 6 cases.6 cases underwent unenchanced CT scan,5 case enchanced CT Results CT scan revealed a large uniloculated cyst in 3 and multiloculated cyst within hyperdense septations of variable shapes and thickness in 3.The margins of the lesions were well defined. Some solid portions at the periphery or adjacent to the septa were found in all cases. Punctate calcification at the periphery of the lesion was found in 1 case. A thin rim was seen surrounding the cystic tumor in all cases corresponding to the pathologic psedcapsule. The solid portions and the psedcapsule of the tumor had increased attenuation values and the cystic areas showed low attenuation after injection of contrast material. US demonstrated a single echogenic mass within some anechoic spaces of variable size in 4 cases. Conclusion CT scan showed well defined uniloculated or multiloculated cyst within variable amount of solid portions and an enhancing rim and predominantly solid at US. Discrepancy of internal architecture between US and CT was one of the important characteristic of UES.

Objective To investigate the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene-1562 C/T polymorphism and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) from (IS) in Chinese Han population in Henan province.Methods The promoter-1562 C/T gene polymorphism in 84 IS patients with HT and 138 age-and sex-matched IS patients without HT were tested by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).The genotypes and alleles frequencies of-1562 C/T polymorphism were analyzed.Results The frequency of CT and TT genotype and T allele was lower in IS patients with HT than in IS patients without HT (17.86％ (15cases) vs.30.43％ (42 cases),8.93％ (15 cases) vs.15.94％ (44 cases),x2=4.326 and 4.458,P=0.037 and 0.035).The relative risk for HT from IS was decreased in patients with T allele than those withCTandTTgenotype[0.517 (95％CI:0.278-0.961) vs.0.497 (95％CI:0.255-0.967)].Conclusions The MMP-9 gene-1562C/T polymorphism may be related to hemorrhagic transformation of in Chinese Han population in Henan province.The T allele is a protective factor for hemorrhagic transformation of in the population.

Objective To analyze the safety and effect of non-invasive pressure support ventilation in 32 patients by using a helmet and to give the appropriate way of patients who need non-invasive ventilation ( NIV) support after congenital heart disease surgery. Methods Patients over one year old after congential heart disease surgery were admitted in our Department of Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery from July 2015 to December 2015. Patients who get clinically improved within one hour were divided into the early improved group( Group-E) ,otherwise they were classified to non-early improved group( Group-NE) . The general infor-mation,diagnosis, indication of NIV, ICU and hospital stay, complications, and mortality were collected. Results Thirty-two patients were engaged in this study,including 18 patients(56. 25%) in Group-E and 14 patients(43. 75%) in Group-NE. Patients who got improved in the first hour might have a higher incidence of avoiding reintubation[83. 33%(15/18) vs. 42. 86%(6/14),P=0. 02]. The heart rate,respiratory rate, pH,PaO2/FiO2 and lactate were improved in Group-E compared with Group-NE after the first hour by using helmet. At the end of NIV,the oxygenation showed no difference but the PaCO2 was lower in Group-E. In Group-E,the values showed a trend of improvement,while the values in Group-NE showed not only no statis-tical significance in different time points but also seemed to have a tendency of hypercapnia and reduced com-fort behavior scale in the end of NIV. There were 6 cases in Group-E and 10 cases in Group-NE developed ventilation associated pneumonia with the incidence of 33. 33%(6/18) and 71. 43%(10/14),respectively, which was significant difference (χ2 =4. 571,P =0. 03). The total duration of mechanical ventilation of Group-E was shorter than that of Group-NE [ ( 136. 72 ± 151. 49 ) h vs. ( 252. 79 ± 155. 33 ) h, P <0. 05 ] . Conclusion NIV through a helmet in children could be well tolerated and avoid re-intubation. Patients who get improved earlier may have more clinical advantages,such as less time of mechanical ventilation and lower incidence of postoperative complications. Early improvement can be considered as a valuable indicator wheth-er the patient needs to use NIV continuously.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of hepatitis C virus core antigen(HCV-cAg),hepatitis C virus(HCV-IgG) and hepatitis C virus(HCV-RNA) in the laboratory diagnosis of Hepatitis C.Methods HCV-cAg and HCV-IgG were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),HCV-RNA was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 84 suspected HCV patients and 87 healthy control subjects.Results In 84 suspected HCV patients,the HCV-IgG positive rate was 84.5%,HCV-cAg positive rate was 13.1%,HCV-RNA positive rate was 52.4%.Among 71 cases of HCV-IgG positive patients,there were 35 cases with negative HCV-RNA,the false positive rate was 49.3%.In 11 cases of HCV-cAg positive patients,there were 5 cases with negative HCV-RNA,the false positive rate was 45.5%.In 44 cases of HCV-RNA positive diagnosis of hepatitis C patients,HCV-IgG false negative rate was 18.2%,HCV-cAg false negative rate was 86.4%.The false negative rate of combined detection of HCV-cAg and HCV-IgG was 13.6%,and the true positive rate was 100.0%.Conclusion HCV-cAg and HCV-IgG have certain false negative and false positive in laboratory diagnosis of HCV,combine these two methods,or joint with HCV-RNA detection,could reduce the rate of missed diagnosis.

Spore surface display is one of attractive microorganism surface display systems. With the advantage of resistance attribute and specific assembly pattern, the technology of spore surface display now is attracting more and more attention. According to the current reports and main achievements of spore surface display, the structure and assembly of spores, the principle for construction and some existing spore surface display systems were elaborated in this paper. Now with the unique property of spores, the technique is not only widely used in production of vaccines but also has great applied potential in the field of biocatalysis and cell-factory.
Bacillus subtilis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Biocatalysis ; Biotechnology ; methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Spores, Bacterial ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tetanus Toxoid ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To analyze the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolated bacteria in elderly inpatients in Beijing Hospital from 2006 to 2008.Methods A total of 5710 strains isolated from elderly inpatients received antibiotic sensitivity test (AST) by using K-B method, and the data were analyzed with WHONET 5.4 software.Results During the 3 years, in constituent ratio of bacteria, P.aeruginosa, E.coli and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were at the top of gram-negative bacteria.And S.aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CONS), S.pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp.were at the top of gram-positive bacteria.The results of AST in vitro showed that 19 of 121 strains of S.pneumoniae were penicillin-insensitive S.pneumoniae (PNSP).In 690 strains of S.aureus, the methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) ratio was 80.2%, and vancomycin-insensitive strains were not found.And 114 strains of Enterococeus faecalis and 95 strains of Enterococcus faecalis were isolated, while the antibiotic resistance of the latter was stronger than the former, and 19 strains were vancomycin-resistant strains.The detection ratios of E.colt producing ESBLs were 41.7%, 55.0% and 56.8%, and the detection ratios of Klebiella pneumonia producing ESBLs were 16.0%, 22.4% and 27.3 %.The antibiotic resistance of ESBL-producing bacteria was much stronger than non-ESBLs producing bacteria.Multi-antibiotic resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp.were found.Conclusions It is necessary to detect the drug-resistant strains periodically for understanding the changes in bacterial resistance and providing a theoretical basis for the medication by the clinical experience.

Purpose　The aim is to sulfonize Hunai polysaccharide fr om p leurotus tuber-rigium(Fr.)Sing. and to evaluate the antioxidative activities of the sulfated po lysaccharide (S-HNP).Methods　S-HNP was prepared by the reacti on of Hunai polysaccharide with chlorosulfonic acid-Pyridine. The antioxidative activities o f S-HNP were evaluated as follows: (1) the inhibition effects on Fe2+- Vc inducing the injury of rat liver mitochondria in vitro, (2) the protectiv e ef fect on CuSO4 -Phen-Vc-H2O2 inducing the damage of DNA, (3) the scaven ging effect on O*-2. Results　 S-HNP could protect mitochondria from lipid peroxidation induced by Fe2+-Vc, i ncluding the inhibitions of the increase of TBARS content, the swelling of mitoc hondria and the decrease of membrane fluidity, and protect DNA from the damage induced by CuSO4-Phen-Vc-H2O2， and scavenge O*-2 generated in the sel f-oxidation of pyrogallic acid. Conclusion　S-HNP exhibi ted marked antioxidative activities.

Objective To investigate the structure of Tn1546 like elements,the molecular features and genetic background of VanB phenotype-vanA genotype VREs and to explain the difference between phenotype and genotype. Methods Twenty-one VREs were collected in Beijing Hospital from March 2008 to January 2009. Etest was used to determin MICs of ten antibiotics. PCR product sequencing, PFGE and MLST were performed to study the molecular features and genetic background of the 21 VREs. Results All VREs were vanA genotype, but 3 of them( 14. 3% ) exhibited the VanB phenotype. Based on PFGE analysis, 21 VREs belonged to 9 different patterns. Six STs were identified by MLST analysis. The analysis of the structure of Tn1546 like elements showed the deletion of vanY, vanZ and the insertion of ISEfa4 in orf2-vanR intergenic region may be related to the formation of VanB phenotype-wanA genotype. Conclutions VanB phenotype-vanA genotype VREs were rarely found in China. The results of vanA cluster rearrangements could partly explain the causes of difference between phenotype and genotype.

To study the regulating effect of Astragalus Polysaccharides ( APS) to the mice infected by Brucella suis S2.Methods:120 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:experimental mice were injected APS 1 ml ( 0.4,1.2,3 mg/ml) via peritoneal cavity respectively once a day and the control group was injected with the same volume of saline for 3 days,then infected with Brucella suis S2 1 ml (1×107 L-1 ) by ip.Five mice of each group were killed through eye bloodletting at 1,6,12,24,48, 72 h respectively post-infection with Brucella suis S 2 and the peritoneal macrophage were obtained respectively to make smear.Phagocytic rate and phagocytic index were calculated by the Wright Giemsa staining after infected 1 h.TNF-α,IL-12 and IFN-γlevels of serum at different time points were measured by ELISA.The bacterial load of MΦand spleen were measured by coating method.Results:The phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of MΦin APS 3 dose groups were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05 ).The microbial load of MΦin APS 3 dose groups at 1 h infected by Brucella suis S 2 were significantly higher than those of control,but significantly lower than those of control at 6,12,24,48,72 h after infected by Brucella suis S2.The microbial load of spleen in APS 3 dose groups at 6 h infected by Brucella suis S 2 were significantly higher than those of control ,but significantly lower than those of control at 12,24,48,72h after infected by Brucella suis S2.The concentrations of TNF-α,IL-12 and IFN-γin the serum of APS groups had significantly been improved ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: APS can promote the activation of MΦin vivo and strengthen the activity of phagocytosis and killing to Brucella suis S 2.APS can promote the secretion of TNF-α,IL-12 and IFN-γof mice,strengthen the cellular immune response of mice to Brucella suis S 2.