Stanniocalcin(STC) is a glycoprotein hormone that was firstly found in bony fish.The related human proteins,STC1and STC2,are expressed in a wide variety of tissues.STC1 is involved in calcium and phosphate homeostasis,and plays important roles in carcinogenesis.This article reviews the data currently available regarding the human STC1,and discusses the roles they may play in normal physiology and in cancers.

AIM:To evaluate the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor lysate to initiate cell mediated immune responses by stimulating naive T cells, and the efficiency of activated T cells to kill autologous tumor cells in vitro. METHODS: The peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes were obtained from the advanced renal cell carcinoma patient by eonglutination method. The immature dendritic cells were generated in the presence of interleukin -4(IL-4) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) from monocytes of healthy individuals.These cells were pulsed with tumor lysate or not. Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs) response by mature dendritic cells (mDCs) was evaluated by the CD95(Fas) expression assay through FCM and the cytotoxic assay a gninst autolognns human tumor cells. RESULTS: Human immature dendritic cells and T cells obtained from healthy donors were stimulated with tumor- pulsed dendritic cells. The immature dendritic cells were applied to the cytotoxicity assay a gainst target autologons tumor cells. The CD95 (Fas) expression, IFN-γ, and TNF -α secreted by the CTLs in tumor lysate-plused DC group were higher than those of other groups. The capacity of the CTLs to kill autolognns tumor cells was significantly different(P<0. 05). Antigen-specific DCs vaccine can induce T cells activation and proliferation, thus we can obtain higher proportion of tumor specific cytotoxic T cells(CTLs), and enhance the CTLs to secret IFN-γ and TNF-α. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that monocyte-derived human dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysate could in duce the specific antitumor effect against autologons tumors. This in vitro model offers a new and simple approach to the development of DC + CTL - based immunotherapy.

AIM:To evaluate the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor lysate to initiate cell-mediated immune responses by stimulating naive T cells, and the efficiency of activated T cells to kill autologous tumor cells in vitro. METHODS: The peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes were obtained from the advanced renal cell carcinoma patient by conglutination method. The immature dendritic cells were generated in the presence of interleukin-4(IL-4) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF) from monocytes of healthy individuals. These cells were pulsed with tumor lysate or not. Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) response by mature dendritic cells (mDCs) was evaluated by the CD95(Fas) expression assay through FCM and the cytotoxic assay against autologous human tumor cells. RESULTS: Human immature dendritic cells and T cells obtained from healthy donors were stimulated with tumor-pulsed dendritic cells. The immature dendritic cells were applied to the cytotoxicity assay against target autologous tumor cells. The CD95(Fas) expression, IFN-? and TNF-? secreted by the CTLs in tumor lysate-plused DC group were higher than those of other groups. The capacity of the CTLs to kill autologous tumor cells was significantly different(P

Objective To survey the epidemiological characteristics of adverse life events among secondary vocational nursing students and to investigate the relationship between adverse life events and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) so as to provide the basis for their psychological health intervention.Methods The cross-sectional survey method was adopted to conduct the questionnaire investigation among secondary vocational nursing students as the research subjects in Health School Attached to Shanghai Jiaotong University(SJTU) and Shanghai Municipal Nursing School.The EPIDATA3.1 software was used to input the data and conduct the logic error correction.The data were processed by the SAS 8.2 software.Results The average age of respondents was (17.00±0.88) years old,87 respondents(15.56%) were male and 472 respondents(84.44%) were female;in adverse life event,failure in the exam or unsatisfactory achievement had higher occurrence frequency(81.64%);the detection rate of PTSD was 5.53%,the difference in various factors of life events between positive PTSD and non-positive PTSD had statistical significance (P<0.01).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of PTSD were interpersonal relation factor (OR=2.93,95%CI=1.43-6.00),punishment factor (OR=3.91,95%CI=1.41-10.87) and adaptation factor (OR=4.12,95%CI=1.70-9.99).Conclusion The incidence rate of adverse life events in the secondary vocational school students is relatively high,increasing the psychological health should start in the aspects of alleviating the study burden,changing the teaching mode,increasing the interpersonal communication ability and elevating the social adaptability of secondary vocational nursing students.

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and survival of patients with bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors (BPC) after surgical treatment .Methods The clinical data of 87 patients undergoing surgery for BPC from Jan .2002 to Dec .2008 were reviewed retrospectively .Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival of the patients .The risk factors such as age , gender ,smoking history ,histological type ,tumor size ,were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression model .Results The 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rates were 85 .1% ,71 .3% and 63 .2% .Univariate analysis revealed that age (P=0 .016) ,smoking history(P=0 .007) ,histological type(P=0 .000) ,tumor stage(P= 0 .000) ,tumor size(P= 0 .006) lymph node metastasis(P=0 .000) ,surgery type (P= 0 .045) and postoperative chemotherapy (P= 0 .000) were prognostic factors .Multivariate analysis showed that histological type(P=0 .008) ,tumor stage(P=0 .000) ,lymph node metastasis(P=0 .033) were independent prognostic factor .Conclusion The survival rate of the BPC patient after surgical treatment is high ,histological type ,tumor stage and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors .

Objective To determine the dangerous depths of acupuncture at Yamen(GV15) and Fengfu(GV16) in different age groups and different body types based on MRI measurements and to analyze their distribution chracteristic .Methods 98 patients of different age groups in the affiliated hospital of Hainan Medical College from June to December 2012 were selected and the each age group was divided into 3 types :asthenic type ,moderate type and endomorphy type according to the Rohrer index .All images took the median sagittal position .The dangerous depth was measured according to the clinical operation habit and actual feasibility .Re-sults The difference in the acupuncture depth of GV15 and GV16 among different asthenic type patients in different age groups had no statistical significance ;in the moderate type patients ,the difference in the acupuncture depth of GV15 and GV16 between the age group of 18- <45 years and 45-60 years had the statistical significance(P=0 .029 ,P=0 .018);in the endomorphy type pa-tients ,the difference in the acupuncture depth of GV15 and GV16 between the age group of 45-60 years and the other age groups had the statistical significance(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The dangerous depth of GV15 and GV16 had no correlation with age ,but is positively correlated with the Rohrer index ,i .e .,the dangerous depth of GV15 and GV16 is increased with the increase of Rohrer index .

Objective To study the changes of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) induced by dengue 2 virus (D 2V) infection of vascular endothelial cells. Methods The effects of D 2V infection on the production of t-PA, PAI-1, and sTM of human umbilical cord vein cells were studied. Results D 2V infection significantly induced the secretion of sTM and t-PA but showed no such effects on PAI-1 of human endothelial cells. Antibody against IL-6 inhibited D 2V-induced t-PA production of endothelial cells. A close correlation between serum levels of IL-6 and t-PA was found in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) but not in dengue fever (DF) patients. Conclusion IL-6 can regulate D 2V-induced t-PA production of endothelial cells, suggesting that endothelial cells can be the target for D 2V infection and that D 2V-induced t-PA, TM, and IL-6 production of endothelial cells may contribute to the pathogenic development of dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS).

Proteins in coagulative and fibrinolytic systems were measured in 50 type 2 diabetic patients and 50 normal controls. Proteins related with fibrinolytic system in the diabetic patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls. The concentration of soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) was negatively correlated with the activity of protein C and positively correlated with plasmin-? 2 -antiplasmin complex in type 2 diabetic patients, suggesting that the increase of sTM is associated with hypercoagulability and enhanced fibrinolysis.

AIM: To construct a recombinant plasmid vector containing human pancreatic duodenal homeobox1(Pdx1) and neurogenic differentiation 1(NeuroD1) genes,and to detect its effective expression in eukaryocytes and the ability to induce differentiation of hepatocytes.METHODS: Using human embryo pancreas mRNA as template,Pdx1 and NeuroD1 genes were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the two different multiple cloning sites(MCSA and MCSB) of plasmid pIRES.The recombinant plasmid pI/Pdx1/NeuroD1 was transfected into L02 cells.The expression of Pdx1 and NeuroD1 in transfected cells was detected by immunocytochemistry,IFA,RT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS: The length and sequence of cloned segments were correct.Pdx1 and NeuroD1 were expressed in eukaryocytes.Furthermore,the hepatic cells were induced to express glucose transporter 2(GLUT2) and eukaryocyte transcription factor Nkx6.1,which were functionally correlated to ? cells.CONCLUSION: pI/Pdx1/NeuroD1 plasmid is successfully constructed and expressed in human eukaryocytes,with which the cells express the eukaryocyte transcription factor and GLUT2,indicating the transfected cells functionally correlates to ? cells.The results suggest that Pdx1 and NeuroD1 genes can induce the differentiation the cells from hepatic cells to pancreatic endocrine secretion cells.

AIM:To differentiate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) into functional insulin-producing cells to produce sufficient pancreatic islet cells for transplantation.METHODS:Recombinant adenovirus vectors carrying PDX1 and NKX6.1 genes were constructed and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were infected by the recombinant adenovirus combined with several cytokines for differentiation.The expressions of PDX1,NKX6.1 and insulin and C-peptide in the differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.After the differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into subrenal capsule of diabetic mice,cell morphology of the grafts as well as their secretion of insulin and C-peptide were detected.Besides,regulating capacities of grafts on the blood glucose level of the diabetic mice were also detected.RESULTS:BMSCs induced by recombinant adenovirus(pAdxsi-CMV-PDX1/CMV-NKX6.1) and several cytokines showed positive dithizone staining and the expressions of ?-cell related molecule such as insulin and glucose transporter 2 were detected by RT-PCR,which showed a sustaining and stable expression.The similar results were showed by Western blotting,immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunofluorescence.The insulin secretions in the cells stimulated with glucose at concentrations of 5.5 and 25 mmol/L in the experimental group were(1 240.4?109.3) mU/L and(3 539.8?245.1) mU/L,respectively,and were significantly higher than those in control group.Moreover,transplantation of the cells to STZ mice in treatment group made serum glucose recover to normal level.CONCLUSION:PDX1 and NKX6.1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vitro.When these cells transplanted into STZ induced diabetic mice,their serum glucose could return to the normal level and they could live well.Thus this is a promising method for diabetes treatment.