OBJECTIVE In order to study the effect of inhalable particles on evocation of allergic rhinitis in rats and its possible mechanism. METHODS The experimental group rats were basically allergized with OVA from intraperitoneal injection. Three groups were provoked by OVA alone, PM10 plus OVA and PM10 alone through nasal cavity respectively. The Control Group was allergized by NS instead of OVA, while the method of provocation was the same as experimental group. Then, the rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the last provocation. The morphological changes of the rats' nasal mucosa were observed by scanning electron microscope and hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The number of the eosinophile of the rats' nasal mucosa was counted under HE staining. RESULTS The amount of eosinophile in the three experimental groups was significantly different from that in NS group, and there was also a significant difference among three experimental groups. The amount of eosinophile in PM10 plus OVA group was obviously higher than that in other groups. Observed by scanning electron microscope, the cilia of the epithelium of the three experimental groups were significantly reduced, fallen off, fallen down, got enlaced, and adhered by secretion. CONCLUSION In the period of provoking, the inhalable particles may play a synergic role with allergen, and it can aggregate the rats' nasal mucosa injury and the allergic inflammation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of diets rich in Ruditapes philippinarum on the development of atherosclerosis. Methods The rabbits were fed with normal forage or high lipid diet with a daily supplement of Ruditapes philippinarum for 8 weeks respectively. Serum lipid, the area of atherosclerotic plaque and IMT were analysed.Results Compared with control group, serum lipid profiles didn't change obviously and atherosclerotic lesion was not observed in group fed with a supplement of RP. Compared with model group, the concentration of serum TC, TG and LDL C/HDL C decreased significantly, while the concentration of serum HDL C increased significantly in group fed with high lipid forage and a supplement of RP (p

Objective To investigate the characteristics of Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) for executive function assessment in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods 706 patients with cerebral infarction were assessed with BADS, WCST and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results There was significant difference in the scores of BADS and WCST among the patients with normal cognition, mild cognition impairment and severe cognition impairment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of BADS among the patients with different focuses of infarction (P>0.05), but there was in the scores of WCST (P<0.05). Conclusion BADS and WCST can be used to assess the executive impairment in the patients with cerebral infarction, and the focuses may affect the outcome of WCST.

Toassesstheeffectofpuerarinintreatingischemiacardiacdisease ,sixtycoronaryheartdisease(CHD) patientswith myocardialischemiawererandomlydividedinto 2 groups.Pueraringroup (30cases)wastreatedwithpuerarinpluswesternmedicine andcontrolgroup (30cases)withwesternmedicinealone .Thechangesofthetotalischemiaburden (TIB) ,ventricularpremature beat (VPB) ,heartrateandsystolicpressurelevelswereobservedbeforeandaftertreatmeat.Aftertreatmentwithpuerarinthe scoresofTIBlevelsweresignificantlydecreased (P 0 .0 5 ) .Thescoresofventricularprematurebeatlevelsweresignificantlydecreased (P

Objective To investigate the influence of infarction location on the executive function and self-efficacy of patients with ischemic stroke. Methods 320 patients with cerebral infarction at basal ganglia, parietal-occipital lobe, frontal lobe and other areas (80 cases respectively)and 80 healthy people were assessed with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES). Results The scores of WCST, CDT and GSES were significantly worse in the patients than in the controls, especially in those with infarction at frontal lobe and basal ganglia. There was no significant difference in scores of SDS and SAS among all the subjects (P>0.05). Conclusion There are executive function and self-efficacy impairment in ischemic stroke patients, especially for those with the focus at frontal lobe and basal ganglia.

Objective To study the reliability and validity of Chinese version of housebound scale in Chinese elderly people in community.Methods The housebound scale was amended and translated according to the Procedure of the European organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Group.Include two scales,which is whether is housebound and the reason of housebound.The reliability and validity of Chinese version of housebound scale were tested in a sample of 860 Chinese elderly people in two communities among 127 communities in Tangshan from October 2012 to March 2013.Reliability was evaluated using the splithalf reliability and internal consistency.Validity was assessed by content validity,discriminate validity and construct validity.Results The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the first subscales was 0.743,the split-half reliability was 0.856,the convergent validity ratio was 0.960,and the scale had good discriminate validity (P ＜ 0.01).The Cronbach's αcoefficient of the second subscales was 0.853,the split-half reliability was 0.816,the convergent validity ratio was 0.910.Four factors body and mental factors,environmental factors,psychological and social factors,listening factors were extracted by a factor analysis,which explained 48.37％ of the total variance.The loading value of each items in their respective common factor ranged from 0.42 to 0.82.Conclusion The housebound scale has better reliability and validity,which is available for the evaluation of housebound amnong elderly people.

Objective To explore the mechanism about the expression of the hyperphosphorylated p38MAPK in the central nervous system (CNS) of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse and its relationship to the axonal damage, and investigate the potential regulation of SB203580 to the damaged axons in the CNS of EAE mouse.Methods SJL/J mice were used to establish the EAE model. Brain and spinal cord of EAE mice in the model group, SB203580 group and control group were used respectively at different time points. Stained with HE and Luxol Fast Blue (LFB), also the immunohistochemical detection was conducted with parallel phosphorylation of p38MAPK antibody staining and APP staining at the same time. By image analysis system, the number of positive signals, the coverage and the average density value in the cytoplasm of neuron in white matter lesions were measured.Results The model of EAE mice induced by PLP peptide manifested significant neurological symptoms, signs and features of relapse and remitting. Demyelinating change was observed in local regional white matter region. Compared with the model group, SB203580 group changed lighter, with its behavioral observations and had a significant weight gain (P<0.01). In addition to the control group, amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression was detected in other groups at various time points. Compared to the model group, APP expression was slighter than in SB203580 group. The number of positive cells and strength was significantly lower in the SB203580 group (P<0.01); expression of p38MAPK in EAE mice was observed at the earlier 7th day after immunization. Compared to the model group, expression of SB203580 group was lighter, positive number and intensity decreased markedly (P<0.01).Conclusion p38MAPK blockers SB203580 can not only inhibit activation of the p38MAPK in EAE mice, but also effectively reduce expression of APP which is symbolic target of EAE axonal injury, it is confirmed that the p38MAPK is indeed involved in the EAE axonal injury.

BACKGROUND:There is a group of leukemic stem cell (LSC) in patients with leukemia. These malignant stern cells, although rare, but self-renewal, with a certain degree of differentiation is the existence of leukemic cells and causes of their continued proliferation. Intervention of leukemia-specific targeted treatment drugs has become a research hotspot in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of traditional medicine compound on expression of flt3 and N-ras mRNA in LSCs. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, grouping experiment was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2007 to December 2008.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 50 cases of acute myelocytic leukemia admitted to Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between 2006 and 2007 were selected, including 5 cases of type FAB, 15 of M2, 9 of M4 and 21 of M5.METHODS: Original prescription: Huangqi, Hedyotic diffusa, Xiaoji, Taizishen, Banzhilian, Pugongying, Rehmannia dride rhizome, Huangjing, Nuzhenzi, ecliptae herba, Tiandong, Maidong, Baizhu, Fuling, Liquorice root. Fuzheng prescription: Huangqi, Hedyotic diffusa, Xiaoji, Banzhilian, Pugongying, ecliptae herba. Preparation: the above-mentioned three groups of drugs were prepared into 1 g/mL medicine liquid by Laboratory of Chinese Drug Preparation of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. When it was negative in sterility test, the liquid was filtrated and sterilized. 5 mL bone marrow was separately harvested from M1, M2, M4, and M5 leukemia patients, diluted and placed in lymphocyte isolation solution. LSCs were purified by magnetic activated cell sorting and flow cytometry. The cell concentration was adjusted to 2×108/L and divided into 4 groups: control (no treatment), and three experimental groups (treated separately with original, Fuzheng, Quxie prescriptions at final concentration of 100 mg/L). The cells were cultured for 48 additional hours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of Flt3 and N-ras in LSCs. RESULTS: The expression of flt3 in three experimental groups was significantly decreased compared with control group (P < 0.05), in particular, original prescription group decreased the most (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found between Fuzheng and the Quxie prescription groups (P>0.05). The expression of N-ras in four groups was similar to Flt3. CONCLUSION: Flt3 and N-ras mRNA were overexpressed in LSCs. Chinese medicine original prescription and its Fuzheng or Quxie prescriptions decreased Flt3 and N-ras mRNA expression.

@@

Objective To investigate the event-based prospective memory (EBPM) and time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in temporal lobe epilepsy patients,and test the hypothcsis that temporal lobe is involved in the prospective memory network. Methods Sixty-two patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 30 age- and education level-matched healthy adults were examed with the neuropsychological battery of tests including EBPM and TRPM tasks. Results In comparison with the controls,the TLE patients were impaired on MMSE,DS and VFT.Compared with the healthy adults ( EBPM:6.83± 1.34,TBPM:5.00 ± 1.70),the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy had a significant loss in EBPM (3.95 ±2.77,t =6.72,P ＜0.01 ) and TBPM (3.08 ±2.42,t =4.39,P ＜0.01).There was no difference in the performance of EBPM (3.82 ± 2.70,4.10 ± 2.90 ; t =- 0.40,P ＞ 0.05 ) and TBPM (2.55 ± 2.20,3.69± 2.55; t =-1.90,P ＞0.05 ) between the patients with taking antiepileptic drugs and those without antiepileptic drugs. Conclusions These results suggest that patients with temporal lobe epilepsy may experience general difficulties with prospective memory.It is possible that temporal lobe is involved in the prospective memory network.The passages of TBPM need more self-initiated processes.