0.05). Minimum total probability are used to predict minimum sample volume which is close to overall level. Above method can be used as basic method for sample survey in regular prescription evaluation.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for standardization of drug package.METHODS:5 dose-related items stated in a total of 426 package inserts of chemical drugs collected from the drug storeroom in our hospital were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS:Only 32.39% of the package inserts were with complete labeling.The labeling rate for special group was low and only 40% labeled the maximal dose.Less than 2% of child dose stated the doses according to body surface area,and the problem of over-dose was common.Only 27.46% had the item of "under supervision of a physician".CONCLUSION:It is necessary to strengthen supervision on drug package inserts and improve cognition on the importance of drug package inserts.

ObjectiveTo explore the proper service mode during perinatal period in obstetric de-partment through application of clinical nursing pathway theory. Methods2597 outpatient and inpatient pregnant women were randomly chosen. The experimental group (1332 cases): the clinical nursing pathway in different stages of perinatal period was designed, nurses completed their tasks according to the standard process. The control group (1265 cases): accepted the routine healthcare education and ordinary delivery method. The delivery outcome and the delivery time of the two groups were observed and recorded, satisfac-tion degree with the nursing service and nurses' mental condition before and after the application of clinical nursing pathway were also investigated. ResultsThe rate of cesarean operation of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The difference of total delivery time in the two groups was signifi-cant. The satisfaction degree to the nursing service improved obviously in the experimental group. The dif-ference of nurses' self- confidence, self- determination, working satisfaction, sense of competence before and after the application of clinical nursing pathway was significant. ConclusionsApplication of clinical nursing pathway in pregnant and lying-in women during perinatal period can improve the confidence of natural delivery, shorten the delivery time, reduce the cesarean operation rate, improve satisfaction degree to nurses' work, mental condition, and their general diathesis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical features of hyperuricemia (HUA) and relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in adults.MethodsData were gathered from medical examination among adults age ≥ 20 years,and totally 18 862 subjects were analyzed in this study.ResultsThe prevalence of HUA was 14.8％ (2788/18 862).The rate was 18.4％( 1926/10 445) in men,10.2％ (862/8417) in women.The prevalence of HUA was increased with age,there was significant difference among different age (P =0.000),the rate in men was higher than that in women (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜0.05 ).Compared with normal SUA Patients,the levels of body mass index(BMI),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),total cholesterol (TC),triacylglycerol (TG) and lowdensity lipid cholesterol(LDL-C) were markedly elevated (P ＜0.01 or ＜0.05),and the level of highdensity lipid cholesterol (HDL-C) was markedly decreased in HUA patients (P ＜0.05).Stepwise regression analysis showed that BMI,SBP,DBP,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),TG,HDL-C were the independent correlation factor of SUA.The incidence of hypertension,over weight/obesity,dyslipidosis,hyperglycosemia and MS in HUA patients [24.1％ (672/2788),36.2％ (1009/2788),31.2％ (870/2788),18.0％ (502/2788),20.8％(580/2788) ] was significantly higher than that in normal SUA patients [ 18.2％ (2925/16 074),26.4％(4244/16 074),22.0％(3536/16 074),15.00(2411/16 074),17.0％(2733/16 074),P＜ 0.01 ].The level of SUA in patients with MS [ (342.3 ± 64.2 ) μ mol/L ] was higher than that of those without MS[ (319.3 ± 67.1 )μ mol/L,P =0.000].ConclusionsThe prevalence of HUA is increased with age.Multiple factors of dysbolism are clustered in subjects with HUA.There is correlation between SUA and MS.

0.05).However,There were significantly positive correlation between MMP-9 level and abnormal volume on mean transit time map(r=0.371,P=0.026),time to peak map(r=0.379,P=0.023),cerebral blood flow map(r=0.447,P=0.006) and great vessel occlution(r=0.416,P=0.004) on magnetic resonance.Conclusions The serum MMP-9 level of acute cerebral infarction are significantly positively correlated with the change of magnetic resonance,but there are no correlation between MMP-2 and MMP-13 levels and the change of magnetic resonance.It suggests that the MMP-9 may be involved in the pathology of acute cerebral ischemia.

Objective To evaluate the value of magnetic resonance angiography-diffusion mismatch to predict the ischemic penumbra in acute ischemic stroke.Methods Patients with acute cerebral infarcts within the middle cerebral artery territory and imaged within 6 hours after symptom onset were prospectively studied.MRI including MRA,DWI and PWI sequences were performed on admission.We defined MRA-DWI Volume mismatch as MCA(M1) occlusion and DWI lesion volume≤25 ml.MRA-DWI ASPECTS mismatch was defined as MCA(M1) occlusion and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score of DWI≥7.DWI lesion and PWI(MTT) volumes were measured by planimetric techniques.PWI-DWI mismatch was examined as a categorical variable(mismatch=PWI-DWI/DWI?100%≥20%).Results 78 patients met inclusion criterion,MRA-DWI Volume mismatch detected PWI-DWI mismatch with a specificity of 100%,but a sensitivity of only 46%.MRA-DWI ASPECTS mismatch detected PWI-DWI mismatch still with a high specificity of 100% and a low sensitivity of only 42.9%.Conclusions MRA-DWIVolume mismatch and MRA-DWI ASPECTS mismatch predict the presence of PWI-DWI mismatch with high specificity and low sensitivity.They may be useful to select patient candidates for thrombolysis.

Objective Carbon/carbon ( C/C) composites are a potential material for bone repair .To improve the hydrophilicity and biological activity of C/C composites , polydopamine coating was prepared on the surface of C /C composites.Methods By changing the coating time and coating environment ( oxygen or air atmosphere ), a series of polydopamine coating samples were prepared . The water contact angle test , scanning electron microscope , energy dispersive spectrometer , atomic force microscope and protein adsorption test were used to characterize the properties of different samples.Then, the data were analyzed to optimize preparation conditions .Results When the concentration of dopamine was 2.0 g/L,and the coating time was 30 min (oxygen atmosphere) +11.5 h (air atmosphere), the water contact angle was decreased from 64.0°(blank sample) to 25.9°, suggesting that the hydrophilicity was improved greatly . The results of the scanning electron microscope , energy dispersive spectrometer and atomic force microscope showed that the coating was uniform and dense .The amount of protein adsorption per sample was 0.2817 mg.Conclusion The polydopamine coating on the C/C composites improves its hydrophilicity and biological activity , which indicates that the polydopamine coated C/C composites will be a new potential material for bone tissue repair .

Objective To investigate the association between obesity and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A total of 253 men (>40 year old) with no obesity related diseases were selected.Medical history,height,body weight,waist circumference (WC),body fat ratio,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,blood lipid and prostate ultrasound were evaluated.The participants were then assigned to the normal group (body mass index 18.5 to 23.9 kg/m2),overweight group (24.0 to 27.9 kg/m2) and obesity group (≥28 kg/m2).The subjects were also divided into the normal group (WC<85 cm) and abdominal obesity group (WC≥85 cm) or normal group (body fat ratio≤25%) and excessive body fat ratio group (>25%).Prostate volume was analyzed in each group.Results The prostate volume was significantly different between the normal body mass index group and overweight or obesity groups,normal WC group and abdominal obesity group,and normal body fat ratio group and excessive body fat ratio group.The prostate volume was increased in individuals with higher body mass index,WC and body fat ratio.Of those with body mass index≥24 kg/m2 and normal WC or body fat ratio,the incidence of BPH was not significantly increased.Conclusion Obesity may be a risk factor for BPH; individuals with increased WC and body fat ratio may have a higher risk of BPH.

BACKGROUND: Dedifferentiation changes in monolayer culture and limited resource are 2 problems in chondrocyte study. There are few reports concerning the phenotype, biological characteristics, and three-dimensional culture SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells.OBJECTIVE: To observe the kinetics characteristics and ultramicro location of type Ⅱ collagen in three-dimensional cultured SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The material-cytology in vitro observation was performed at the Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, from August 2004 to January 2006.MATERIALS: SW1353 human chondrosarcoma cells were provided by ATCC Company.METHODS: After resuscitation, the cells were cultured in DMEM containing fetal bovine serum and vitamin C. Then the cell aggregate was suspended in alginate solution, with final concentration of 2×10~9/L, gel solution was dropped to obtain alginate beads. At weeks 8 after three-dimensional culture, citrate sodium was added to breakdown gel, and the chondrocyte was harvested. The growth characteristics of SW1353 between in monolayer and in alginate three-dimensional were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Phenotype shift was observed by Toluidine blue staining. Type Ⅱ collagen expression in cell was directed by immunohistochemistry. The location of type Ⅱ collagen in ultrastructure was observed by Immunoelectron microscope. Isotope 14C-proline pulse chase experiment was performed to find out the kinetics of collagen Ⅱ in synthesis and secretion. RESULTS: There were phenotype changes after 8 weeks monolayer cultured in SW1353 as the articular chondrocytes had done. Compare with the monolayer culture, the good phenotype was maintained and the proliferation was slow when the cell was cultured in alginate culture and the type Ⅱ collagen in suspension and alginate matrix was decreased either. Type Ⅱ collagen expression in cell can be directed both in cells and outside of cells; type Ⅱ collagen locate almost in rough endoplasmic reticulum in Immunoelectron microscope; Pulse chase experiment found that the 180 minute was the peak of synthesis and secretion of collagen Ⅱ after intervention by ~(14)C-proline. ELISA confirmed that the expression of type Ⅱ collagen was obvious increased at 8 weeks than 1 week in the suspension of monolayer culture (P < 0.05), which was greater than that in alginate matrix of three-dimensional. CONCLUSION: Long term monolayer culture in SW1353 may lead to cell phenotype change. Alginate three-dimensional can improve the phenotype changes by decrease cells metabolism and maintaining the dormancy situation of SW1353. Expression of type n collagen in SW1353 was abundant. This cell line can be a good research model of chondrocyte function.

The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) was explored.A total of 2 252 subjects aged 20 to 79 years from medical examination were identified.The prevalence of SCH was 4.88％.The rate of 7.30％ in female was markedly higher than 2.17％ in male(P＜0.01).The highest SCH prevalence in adults was in the ≥70 years old group.The prevalence of SCH in female was increased with age(P＜0.01).Compared with the euthyroid group,body mass index,triglyceride,and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were significantly elevated (P＜0.05),while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was significantly decreased in SCH group(P＜0.05).The incidences of hypertension,dyslipidosis,and MS in SCH group were significantly higher than those in euthyroid group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) ; Serum TSH in the MS group was higher than that in the Non-MS group[(2.43 ± 1.55 vs 2.21 ± 1.48) mU/L,P＜0.01].The incidence of SCH in MS group was significantly higher than that in the Non-MS group (7.69％ vs 4.25％,P＜0.05).The prevalence of SCH in women was increased with age.Multiple factors of dysbolism were clustered in subjects with SCH.There is a correlation between SCH and MS.