Background:With the increasing of antibiotic resistance and decreasing of eradication rate of standard triple therapy, bismuth-containing quadruple regimens were recommended by the update Chinese consensus report for eradication of Helicobacter pylori( Hp ) infection. Aims:To evaluate the eradication rate of the recommended bismuth-containing quadruple regimens for guiding the choice of low cost and high efficiency eradication regimens. Methods:A search of online database( CNKI,Wanfang and VIP)was carried out. Clinical trials published in Chinese from 2011 to 2013 that evaluated the eradication rate of the recommended bismuth-containing quadruple regimens were retrieved. Data were extracted by standardized data forms. According to the categories raised by Dr. Graham,the eradication rates were graded and analyzed. Results:A total of 166 eligible articles including 192 clinical trials for eradication of Hp infection were obtained. Nationwidely,the eradication rates of amoxicillin-containing regimens were acceptable,among which PAFB( PPI+amoxicillin+furazolidone+bismuth)regimen was more prone to achieve excellent eradication rate(≥95%). PACB ( PPI+amoxicillin+clarithromycin+bismuth)regimen was optimal for Hp eradication in East China,and PAFB regimen was optimal in Central South China. A 14-day treatment course was appropriate. Conclusions:In the recommended bismuth-containing quadruple regimens,PAFB regimen might be the first choice nationwidely for eradication of Hp infection in individuals without amoxicillin-hypersensitivity because of its low cost and high efficiency. The recommended treatment course is 14-day.

Objective To examine the changes of brain inhibitory neurotransmitters and their precursors with glutamine supplement. The hypothesis is that the supplement of glutamine may delay the fatigue of central nervous system involved in exercise. Methods Rats were suffered with exhaustion treadmill running after different dosages of glutamine supplement of twenty days duration and sacrificed right after the running. Rat free tryptophan (F-Trp), branched chain amino acids (BCAA) in serum and brain, glucose in serum, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brain had been quantified with the double blind procedure. Results The results showed that the serum glutamine had no statistical significance among each group. The ratios of F-Trp/BCAA in the serum and brain were lower significantly in large dosage group than the placebo group. The 5-HT level of large dosage group was lower significantly than the other groups, while serum glucose was significantly higher than all the other groups. The ratios of F-Trp/BCAA in the brain were lower significantly in small dosage glutamine supplement rats than the other groups. Conclusion The results suggest that glutamine supplement take advantage of the balance of serum glutamine level. Glutamine supplement improves rat central nerves performance in long time treadmill running, that may due to the decrease of precursor of inhibitory neurotransmitter and itself, and large dosage supplement is more effective than small one.

Objective To study the immunoregulation effect of three kinds of polysaccharides extracted from different tissues of Octopus dollfusi on immunosuppression mice.Methods Two kinds of immunosuppression mice models were built by ip,cyclophosphamide(CY) and sc.hydrocortisone(HC),respectively.The spleen and thymus were weighed and the index of the immune organs was calculated.The white blood cells were counted by automated hematologic analyzer.Results In certain concentrations(20～80 mg?kg-1),the three kinds of polysaccharides could antagonize the atrophy of spleen and thymus caused by CY and HC,and increase the weight of spleen and thymus;The polysaccharides could protect against leukocytopenia induced by CY and HC,and especially in low and middle dose.Conclusion The results suggested that three kinds of polysaccharides extracted from Octopus dollfusi have potent enhancement effect on non-specific immunity for the immunosuppression mice.

Objective To study the short term and long term response and the safety of the different doses of recombinant interferon alfa 1b(IFN? 1b) for the treatment of the patients with chronic hepatitis B and the predictive factors of the response. Methods 146 Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B entered randomly into four groups. Three groups were given with IFN ? 1b 3 million unit (MU), 5 MU and 10 MU respectively. The control group was given placebo. The short term(ETR) and long term(SR 12) responses and side effect were observed. Selected nineteen items (host related, drugs related and virus related), which affected the response of IFN alfa 1b probably (host, virus and drugs, et al) were analyzed. Results The end treatment response (ETR) of the IFN ? 1b 5 MU therapy was 55.3%, and 10 MU was 58.1%. Both efficacy were higher than the group of 3 MU IFN alfa 1b (32.6%) and control therapy group (5.9%, P

Objective To investigate the prevalence of TT virus infection in pregnant women in Shenzhen and the role of mother-to -child transmission route in the TTV infection. Methods TTV DNA were detected by nested PCR in sera, cord blood and breast milk samples from 400 mother-infant pairs. TTV DNA positive mothers were followed up for 6 months for monitoring TTV DNA. Thirty two TTV DNA PCR products amplified from blood and milk samples of 13 mother-infant fairs were cloned and sequenced. Results By means of PCR, TTV DNA were detected in 62 of mothers' serum samples, 4 of 400 cord blood samples, and 20 of 400 milk samples, respectively. Therefore, 6.5%(4/62) of infants are likely to be infected with TTV from their mothers during the fetal period. Direct sequencing of TTV DNA from 13 mother-child pairs showed identical isolates (nucleotide homology from 97.5% to 99%), Follow-up sera of 42children, whose mothers were TTV DNA positive, showed 16 cases turned out to be existence of TTV viremia at 6 months old. Conclusions Our data proved the mother-to-child transmission route of TTV infection.TTV can be transmitted transplacentally and postnatally by the way of breast feeding as well. The increase of TTV prevalence during the 6 months after birth, suggests the postnatal transmission route of TTV may be of more importance, and further study is needed to address whether preventive measure should be done.

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are related to the progression,recurrence and drug-resistance of tumor.MicroRNAs have been reported to correlate to the self-renewal of cancer cells.They can regulate cell cycle and thus interfere with the cell fate.Recent publications have clafified that microRNA can effect on cancer stem cells' self-renewal either by regulate targeted genes directly,or through wnt,notch and Hedgehog pathways.

Objective Seeking for a new therapy for effectively correc ting hypoxemia of severe hepatitis cases in terms of oxygen-enriched liquids in f usion, for a rapid boost of the pressure of blood oxygen bypassing the pathologi cally damaged alveolus of such patients.Method Intravenous drip with oxygen -enriched liquids for 23 cases who suffered from Severe hepatitis in courses of tre atment varying between 14 to 30 days, 500-700 mL per day.Result For all the 23 c ases, their hypoxemia was gradually corrected to normal in 20 minutes' or 7 hour s du ring intravenous drip with oxygen-enriched liquids and TNF ?IL-6?IL-8 were dec r eased after the treatment courses.The death rate of treatment group was l ess.Conclusion Intravenous drip the oxygen-enriched liquids has effectively helped to corre ct the hypoxemia of severe hepatitis cases bypassing the malady alveolus throug h which the oxygen failed in by conventional oxygen halation. Death rate hase been decreased after the courses .This therapy of oxygen-enriched liquid infusion can be quite useful to save their life in the combined treatment for severe hepatitis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the improvement of speech perception in Chinese-native cochlear implant (CI) children using frequency modulated system (FM system). METHOD: The mandarin speech perception (MSP) system was used to evaluate 11 cases with severe and profound hearing loss who were fitted cochlear implants. Listeners were asked to repeat MSP words presented in quiet and several different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions and percent correct word repetition was determined. Performance was evaluated under FM system and without FM (CI only). In addition, the listeners' subjective performance changes in the experiment were also observed. RESULT: (1) There was significant main effect of the device condition (with FM and no-FM) (F = 72.938, P < 0.01), a significant main effect of signal level (F = 230.715, P < 0.01), a significant interaction effect between the signal level and the device condition (F = 40.893, P < 0.01). (2) Listeners answered the question in a louder voice, showed more confidence, when using with FM system. CONCLUSION FM system could improve the speech reception in a complex environment for Chinese-native CI children.
Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Humans ; Noise ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Speech ; Speech Perception ; Speech Therapy

Objective To determine the effects of exogenous VEGF on the serum levels of HGF and IL-6 in rats following partial liver transplantation.Methods Totally 180 SD rats were subjected to 50 percent partial liver transplantation,then each 60 rats were treated either with VEGF,anti-VEGF or normal saline.HGF,IL-6 and hepatic biochemical markers were assessed at 0,12,24,72,168 h after operation.Results In the VEGF group,the serum levels of HGF and IL-6 were significantly increased as compared with those of anti-VEGF group or control group.Blockage of endogenous VEGF led to a marked increase of ALT and AST.Conclusion VEGF can markedly increase the secretion of HGF and IL-6,which may be related to its enhancing liver regeneration and improving liver function.

Objective To investigate the metabolic changes in free fatty acids in the livers of obese rats with type 2 diabetes.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group(Con group) and diabetes mellitus group(DM group),with 15 in each group.Rats in Con group and DM group were fed with normal diet and high-fat diet,respectively.Eight weeks later,OGTT and ISI test were performed to identify insulin resistance.Then the insulin-resistant rats received intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozocin(STZ) to induce type 2 diabetes.After giving high-fat diet further for six more weeks,8 rats of each group were sacrificed and artery blood and liver sample were obtained for further analysis.The mRNA levels of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1(DGAT1),carnitine palmitoyltransferaseⅠ(CPTⅠ),palmitoyl-CoA oxidase(ACOX1),D-bifunctional protein(DBP) and L-bifunctional protein(LBP),which were involved in fatty acids metabolism,were evaluated by RT-PCR.The protein level of DBP was evaluated by Western blotting Peroxisome fatty acids ?-oxidation was measured by spectrophotometry.Free fatty acids in blood and liver were determined by gas chromatography.Oil red staining was used to determine the fat accumulation in liver.Results The mRNA expressions of DGAT1,CPTⅠ,ACOX1 and LBP increased(P