Objective:To study the clinic value of ultrasound in detecting the pathogen of postcholecystectomy syndrome.Methods:The ultrasonograms of 301 patients were reviewed,who had their gallbladder cut or common bile duct explored(because of gallstone or other diseases) and still had some clinic symptoms after operation such as abdominal pain,dyspepsia,infection or obstruction of bile duct.Results:Among 301 cases,66 cases(21.93%) showed normal ultrasonograms and 253 cases(78.07%) showed abnormal ultrasonograms of liver or bile duct.Namely:1.156 cases with light simplex choledochectasia(51.82%);2.54 cases with light simplex choledochectasia and intrahepatic duct dilation(17.94%);3.23 cases with choledochectasia and abnormal anechoic area instead of cholecyst image(6.64%).4.1 case with choledochectasia and calculus of intrahepatic duct(0.33%);5.1 case with apparent choledochectasia and calculus of the lower part of common bile duct(0.33%).Conclusion:Ultrasound has higher clinic value in detecting the pathogen of postcholecystectomy syndrome.

Objective: To compare the unobstructed rate and the changes of the diameter of the transplanted vein after the surgery of autogeneic graft of parallel bi-vein and uni-vein with valves.Methods: 24 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group(each group had 12 rabbits).The inferior vena cava(IVC) was replaced by autogeneic graft of parallel bi-vein(in experimental group) or uni-vein(in control group) with valves.The unobstructed rate and the changes of the diameter of the transplanted vein were observed by color Doppler ultrasound 1 d,1 w,2 w and 4 w after surgery.Results: 1d after surgery the diameter of the vessels and the spectrum of the flow returned to normal except one rabbit.At the time of 1 d,1 w and 2 w after surgery,the unobstructed rate of the transplanted vessels in both groups was 100%.There were 1 rabbit in the experimental group and one in the control group,whose transplanted vein were obstructed 4 w after surgery because of the compression of the adhering zone of peritoneum,which was confirmed by anatomy.No thrombus was observed in the transplanted vein in all animals during the 4 weeks after surgery.Conclusion: The transplanted veins are unobstructed during the 4 weeks after autogeneic graft of parallel bi-vein with valves.The unobstructed rate of the transplanted vein in the experimental group and the control group has no significant difference.The diameter of the transplanted vein has no changes in all animals.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound sparfloxacin auristillae and to establish its quality control method.METHODS:The auristillae was prepared with glycerin and alcohol as solvents;the contents of econazole and sparfloxacin were determined by UV spectrophotometry with their respective detection wavelengths at360nm and297nm respectively,and the stability of which were determined as well.RESULTS:The linear concentration ranges of econazole and sparfloxacin were2～400?g/ml and0.4～80?g/ml respectively;the average recovery of econazole and sparfloxacin were100.96%(RSD=0.99%)and100.38%(RSD=0.44%)respectively.The expiry date(shelf life)of the finished products was above2years.CON?CLUSION:The preparation is simple in preparation,good in stability;and the quality control method is simple and easy,rapid,accurate and feasible.

Objective:To compare the value of color Doppler ultrasound(CDU),DSA,CTA and MRA in the detection of the tramatic femoral pseudoaneurysm(PA) of rabbit.Methods:Femoral pseudoaneurysms were tried established in 20 New Zealand rabbits by microsurgical technique.CDU,DSA,CTA and MRA were performed in all rabbits on 12 days after surgery and the findings of them were compared with the results of autopsy.Results:Models were made successfully in 16 rabbits.Eleven out of the 16 rabbits had developed thrombus in PA.The shown rates of the PA-body in CDU,DSA,CTA and MRA were all 100%.The shown rate of the PA-supply artery was 81.25%(13/16) in CDU and was 100% in all other three methods.The shown rates of the PA-neck were 81.25%(13/16)、87.5%(14/16)、37.50%(6/16)and 31.25%(5/16)while the shown rates of the thrombus in PA were 81.82%(9/11),18.18%(2/11),18.18%(2/11) and 36.36%(4/11) in CDU,DSA,CTA and MRA,respectively. Conclusions:Thereare no significant difference in showing the PA-body and PA-supply artery in CDU,DSA,CTA and MRA. In showing the PA-neck,CDU and DSA are superior to CTA and MRA,while CDU is superior to DSA,CTA and MRA in showing the thrombus in PA.In addition,the blood dynamic changes of PA-body,PA-neck and PA-supply artery can be studied timely by CDU,so CDU has high value in the follow up of the patient with PA.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic splenectomy caused by liver cirrhosis portal hypertension .Methods 38 patients treated with splenectomy as a result of hypersplenism induced by liver cir-rhosis portal hypertensions were selected .Laparotomy splenectomy was used in 18 cases ( OS group ) , laparoscopic splenectomy was used in 20 cases(LS group).Operation time , amount of bleeding during operation ,duration of hos-pital stays,liver and kidney function,blood routine,AYM were retrospectively analyzed.Results Compared with the preoperative group,LS ALT 2D after operation,postoperative 3~6d were significantly decreased(t=6.75,9.32,all P<0.05);3~6d AST levels after operation in LS group significantly decreased (t=8.87,P<0.05);LS group 2D after operation,postoperative 3~6d GGT levels were significantly lower than that of the preoperative (t=6.54,10.76, all P<0.05);group LS patients urea nitrogen levels falling postoperation ,there was statistically significant difference (t=3.43,P<0.05),leukocyte levels,PLT and HBG in the two groups increased postoperation ,these were statistical-ly significant difference(t=19.32,10.21,8.42,6.76,9.32,13.32,all P<0.05),OS group increased more obvious-ly.Conclusion LS has a better treatment effect on hypersplenism caused by liver cirrhosis ,which is worthy of popu-larization and application .

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of retinal angiomatosis in differentclinical stages.To discuss the indication of vitrectomy for retinal hemangioblastoma. Methods TheclinicaI data of 22 cases(33 eyes)were retrospectively analyzed.The retinal hemangiomas were dividedinto 5 stages according to their degrees of development from simple angioma without vessel dilation tofeeder vessel dilation and intra-retinal exudates.local retinal detachment,massive retinal detachment andcomplication occurrence in proper order.The methods of treatment were laser photocoagulation,trans-scleral cryotherapy and vitrectomy. 13 eyes were treated with laser photocoagulation, 5 eyes withcryotherapy combined with laser and 11 eyes with vitrectomy.Tumor resection and silicone oil tamponadewas performed in 3 eyes during vitrectomy.The patients were followed up for 46 months on average.Visual acuity(VA),the condition of the hemangioma and retina was compared pre～and post-operationrespectively. Results In a11 13 eyes treated with laser phot.coagulation the hemangiomas regressed andthe retina remained attached.VA improved in 2 eyes,and remained unchanged in 11 eyes.Cryotherapycombined with laser photocoagulation was performed on 5 eyes. In this group,4 eyes'hemangiomasregressed and no new hemangiomas occurred,proliferative vitreous retinopathy and vitreous hemorrhagewas observed in 1 eye which vitrectomy was performed later.VA improved in 2 eyes,unchanged in 2 eyesand decreased in 1 eye.In the 11 eyes treated with vitreoretinal surgery,new hemangiomas was found in 1eye,exudative retinal detachment was caused by hemangiomas in 2 eyes,proliferative vitreous retinopathywas observed in 2 eyes.and the retina remained attached in 8 eyes.VA improved in 3 eyes,unimproved in3 eyes,and decreased in 5 eyes.In the 3 eyes with surgical resection of retinal hemangioma during vitrectomy,2 eyes'retina remained attached,1 eye had exudative retinal detachment and no new hemangiomas occurred.VA improved in 2 eyes and decreased in 1 eye. Conclusions Laser photocoagulation or combined with cryotherapy is effective in treating the hemangiomas in early stage.Vitreetomy is advisable for late stage of retinal angiomatosis,especially with vitreous hemorrhage,epiretinal membrane,proliferation and large scale of retinal detachment.Surgical resection of isolated large retinal hemangioblastoma may be useful for selected patients.

Objective To observe the effect of continuity self -management education on the emotional state and quality of life in patients with peritoneal dialysis and provide guidance for health intervention.Methods 236 patients with peritoneal dialysis were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The control group(118 cases)was just given routine nursing care,the continuity self -management education group(118 cases)was given continuity self -management education and routine nursing care.After 4 months,the differences of anxiety,depression and quality of life between the two groups were evaluated.Results Four months after the intervention,anxiety and depression scores of the two groups became lower,which of the continuity self -management education group decreased more significantly than the control group(anxiety:t =9.860,P =0.000;depression:t =15.265,P =0.000).The quality of life scores of the two groups became higher,which of the continuity self -management education group were better than the control group (somatization:t =26.767,P =0.000;force:t =8.090,P =0.000;sensitive interpersonal relationship:t =2.414,P =0.017;depression:t =67.484,P =0.000;anxiety:t =8.198,P =0.000;hostile:t =26.366,P =0.000;paranoid:t =4.862,P =0.000;Psychotic:t =0.951,P =0.343).Conclusion Continuity self -management educa-tion has a positive effect on emotional states and quality of life,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Drug pairs,an important ingredient in prescription compatibility,is the bridge between Chinese materia medica and prescriptions.This paper discusses the effect of drug pairs in treating diabetes and its complications,thus,studys the effective prescriptions and methods of treating diabetes and its complications.

Objective To investigate the relative factors contributing to depression and anxiety in the patients with hyperthyroidism. Methods The degrees of depression and anxiety in 141 patients with hyperthyroidism and 163 non-hyperthyroid individuals were assessed using Carrol Drpession Scale and Self-rating Anxiety Scale. The collected data were then subject to t-test, ?~2 test and partial correlation analysis. Results The incidence of depression, anxiety and both in the patients with hyperthyroidism was 66.7%, 53.1% and 42.5%, respectively, and there was a significant positive correlation between depression and anxiety (r=0.636,P

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the initial and acquired resistance level of lung tuberculosis in Shenzhen.METHODS:Culture-positive of sputum specimens of1948cases of lung tuberculosis were collected in Shenzhen from1999to2002and the resistance of tubercle bacillus in sputum-positive to four anti-tuberculosis drugs(isonicotinylhydrazide INH,streptomycin SM,rifampin RFP,Ethambutol EMB)were tested by WHO guideline.RESULTS:The total rate of tubercle bacillus to drug resistance was35.06%,initial drug resistance rate34.01%,initial multi-drug resistance rate4.97%,acquired re?sistance rate45.51%,and acquired multi-drug resistance rate12.92%.Acquired resistance rate of tubercle bacillus to each of4drugs was on the rise to different extents as compared with initial resistance rate.The rise was39.91%for SM,94.07%for INH,44.04%for EMB,and118.18%for RFP.CONCLUSIONS:The initial drug resistance rate ranks higher in Shenzhen as compared with the average level in the whole nation,resistance rates of RFP and INH double after combined administration.