Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2) is a newly discovered immunoglobulin receptor, which plays an important role in inflammation and immunoreaction. Several recent studies have shown that TREM-2 is aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, renal carcinoma and glioma, and it is widely participated in regulating malignant tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis through different signal pathways. TREM-2 is expected to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Objective:By means of balanced board,we can comprehensively assess the hospital and promote the hospital science progress from four aspects such as patient,finance,interior procedure,and the study and development.Method: Introducing the source content and character of the balanced board;Introducing the reason,qualification,instruction and effect for ChongQing NO 9 Hospital to apply the balance board.Result: We assessed the balance board from finance,interior procedure,patient,study and development: The hospital's operation income structure was more reasonable;the hospital's income is equal to the economic development;the medical staff's quality had been improved;the civilization and brand of hospital were generally promoted.Conclusion:Balance board can be used in the medical treatment and health care reformation.As a management method of hospital it can be combined with the hospital assessment items.When the hospital employs the balanced board,we can combine the management object and management cost,the development of hospital and patients' satisfaction,hospital income and local economical level as well as fee for medical treatment,performance and quality in order to promote the development of hospital.

The Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is a common opportunistic pathogen from human respiratory tract. The lower immunity can cause the disease. After the biofilm (BF) is formatted by Hi at the site of infection, the antibiotic sensitivity is declined, which often causes the chronic disease, inducing the difficulty in clinical treatment. In recent years, the pathogenic?ity of Hi BF and BF form related factors have gradually become the focus of clinical and basic research. This paper reviewed recent studies as following.

Objective To explore the abnormal inflammatory cytokine profile of salpingitic infertility by means of cytometric bead assay(CBA). Methods To assay representative inflammatory cytokines of 40 patients of salpingitic infertility(PSI) and 40 healthy control by CBA, and compared 30 samples of serum with peritoneal fluid collected from identical subject. Results Experiment data displayed that in PSI the Th lymphocytes were decreased significantly (t =2. 1236,P <0. 05), Ts lymphocytes increased markedly, and the ratio of Th/Ts markedly decreased ( t = 2. 8392, P < 0. 01 ), compared with those of healthy control.(Pre-)inflammatory eytokines (IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) were all significantly higher than those of healthy controls ( t = 4. 9302,5. 5449,3. 4975,5. 6623, respectively, all P < 0. 01 ) ; while anti-inflammatory cytokines ( IL-10, IL-12 ), also increased markedly ( t = 5. 3428,5.9847, respectively, all P < 0. 01 ).Beside IL-10, all other cytokine concentrations presented in serum were higher than that of peritoneal fluid;IL-8(t =2.2113,P <0.05),IL-llS(t =2.9756,P <0.01), IL-6(t =2.3298,P <0.05), TNF-α (t =3. 2895, P < 0. 05 ), IL-12 ( t = 3. 3281, P < 0. 05 ), implying more sensitive of serum samples. Conclusion PSI displayed extensive disorders of the inflammatory cytokine network, CBA can be used to probe the disharmony condition at high through-out and high sensitivity.

Objective To study the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in early stage diabetic retinopathy and their mechanisms,so as to guide the clinical work theoretically.Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into four groups.Nine rats were used as normal controls(M Group).Streptozocin were injected intraperitoneally to induce diabetes for 1 month(M1 Group),2 months(M2 Group),and 3 months(M3 group).At the experimental ends of each group,the rats were over anesthetized and their eyeballs were extracted to make digest preparation.Immunofluorescence were used to investigate the expression of VEGF on retinal blood vessels.Transmission electromicroscopy was used to observe the histology of the retinal vessels.Results VEGF immunofluorescence showed an expression rate of 56% in M2 group and 89% in M3 group.Transmission electromicroscopy showed no change in M Group.However,it showed swelling of endothelial cells,finger like process into the capillary cavity,uneven distribution of heterochromatin in pericytes in M1 Group.Obvious fragmental thickening and splitting of basement membrane,swelling and deformation,finger like process to the capillary cavity,and concentration and margination of heterochromatin in endothelial cells,and swelling and deformation of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrion in pericytes were observed in M2 and M3 groups,especially in the latter.Conclusion The expression of VEGF proteins in the retinas of diabetic rats increases with the progression of diabetes.It proves that VEGF plays an important role in the occurrence and development of early diabetic retinopathy.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the cleaning action of rhizoma pinelliae mi xture(RPM)on trachea secretions of the model animals.METHODS:The rats were divided randomly into high and low dose of RPM group and the control group;Then the secretion level of phenol red in each group was observed after the forming of models by tracheostomy and intraperitonal injection with phenol red;The respective time that spent on moving cork wood filings to a same distance by oral mucosa ep ?ithelium ciliary movement of toad both before and after medication were observed.RESULTS:The secretion level of phenol red in RPM group increased significantly compared with the control group(P

Objective To explore the clinical effectiveness of the platelet parameter in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods From Oct,1999 to May 2001,50 cases of neonatal HIE were final diagnosed,the platelet total(PLT),mean platelet volume(MPV) and platelet distribution width(PDW) were dynamic observed.It was compared with 27 cases of normal term infant.Results ⑴PLT in acute period of HIE was obviously lower than that of the normal term infant(P0 05).⑵The PLT in the HIE was decreased(P

Objective To prepare follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) polypeptide modified nanoparticles (NP) in order to achieve specific ovarian tumor targeting. Methods Expression of FSH receptor protein in human liver cancer and ovarian cancer cell lines BEL-7402, SKOV-3 and Caov-3 was detected by immunocytochemistry. The polypeptide fragment of FSH β 81 -95 amino acids (FSHL81-95)was synthesized and covalently coupled to NP. The specific binding of FSHL81-95 and FSHL81-95-NP was examined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Results BEL-7402 and SKOV-3 cells were negative for FSH receptor staining, while Caov-3 celia were positive. The diameters of NP were about 100 nm, with a Zeta potential of -25 mV or so. Caov-3 cells showed a more specific interaction with FSHL81-95-NP than SKOV-3 cells (4. 17 ± 0. 86 and 2. 30 ± 0. 21 ; P < 0. 05). The uptake of FSHL81-95-NP was more than NP in Caov-3 cells (4. 17 ± 0. 86 and 0. 41 ± 0. 32 ; P < 0. 05 ). FSHL81-95-NP showed a selective targeting at Caov-3 cells compared with control NP. Conclusion FSH polypeptide modified NP could selectively target ovarian cancer cells expressing FSH receptor, which might contribute to specific endocytosis mediated by FSH receptor.

Background and purpose:Oxaliplatin is a new cytotoxic platinum compound widely used in antineoplastic treatments.Peripheral neuropathy characterized by allodynia remains the most common way to limit the usage of oxaliplatin.Oxaliplatin-associated neuropathic pain is often resistant to standard analgesics.The effects of antidepressant agents such as desipramine and fluoxetine on chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain were investigated so as to provide experimental evidence for clinical treatment.Methods:A single injection of oxaliplatin(30 mg/kg)intraperitoneal was injected into a test subject,a mouse that had chronic neuropathic pain.Using the von Frey filament as a touch stimulator,the mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)was measured when observing allodynia.The MWT was measured before and 1 h after the administration of desipramin and fluoxetine.Results:Desipramine and fluoxetine both have the potential to increase the MWT in mice with oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain.Pretreatment with antagonists such as an opioid receptor like naloxone could deepen their effects.Furthermore,when desipramine is combined with an opioid analgesic as buprenorphine,it causes an augmentation in the MWT.Conclusion:Antidepressants desipramine and fluoxetine antagonize oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting allodynia.Furthermore,the tricyclic antidepressing agent desipramine could enhance the effects of buprenorphine in subjects with oxaliplatin-induced pain,suggesting a synergistic effect for opioid analgesic.

Objectiye To measure longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2 ) relaxation time of metabolites in m. soleus (SOL) and m. tibialis anterior TA of healthy volunteers at 3.0 T through 1H-MRS and optimize measurement protocols. Methods Altogether 24 healthy volunteers were recruited in the study. All subjects signed a letter of informed consent. After divided into 2 groups randomly by the table of random number, 1H-MRS measurements with stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) sequence were undertaken in SOL and TA separately. Progressive saturation method was used for T1 measurement. Spectra with 8 different TRs (770,900,1000, 1100,1200,1500,2000 and 3000ms ) were acquired with TE=20 ms.T2 time was measured by changing TE. Altogether 8 TEs (20,30,45,60,90,135,200 and 270 ms) were used with TR = 3000 ms. Metabolites' concentration was calculated through T1 and T2 correction using water as internal reference. The t test was used for statisties. Results Altogether 22 groups of data were gained ( 12 for SOL, 10 for TA ) . T1 value of water, Creatine-CH3 ( Cr3 ), Trimethyl amonium ( TMA ),extramyocellular lipid (EMCL) and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) in SOL were ( 1384. 0 ± 36. 9 ),( 1064. 0 ± 167.0), (964. 2 ± 144. 0 ), ( 373.0 ± 46. 8 ), ( 374. 7 ± 20. 6) ms respectively and T2 value were (26.5 ±1.2), (100.2±19.3), (149. 1 ±32.7), (81.4±5.2), (84.7±4.2) ms. InTA T1 value of water, Cr3, TMA, EMCL, and IMCL were ( 1307. 0 ± 24.4), (945.7 ± 132. 0), (968.3 ± 127. 0),(372. 7 ± 39. 2), (412. 8 ±80. 2) ms respectively and T2 value were (27. 1 ± 0. 9), (135.3 ± 18. 2 ),(62.1 ± 6. 0), ( 84. 3 ± 4. 0 ), ( 90. 7 ± 3.2 ) ms. After corrected by the calculated relaxation times, the concentrations of Cr3 in SOL and TA were (33. 1 ± 3.7) and (31.7 ± 3. 1 ) mmol/kg respectively, TMA (35.2±3.2) and (32.9 ±5.2) mmol/kg, EMCL (12.2 ±5.0) and (8.9 ±4.9) mmol/kg, IMCL (9. 0 ± 2. 4) and (3.0 ± 0. 8 ) mmoL/kg. IMCL in TA was much lower than SOL with statistical significant ( t = 8. 044, P < 0. 01 ), the difference between other metabolites were not statistically significant( t = 0. 926,1. 264, 1. 542, P > 0. 05 ) . Conclusions Accurate relaxation time was measured at 3.0 T of the metabolites in skeletal muscles of healthy adult human. After corrected by the relaxation times, the absolute concentrations calculated were consistent with the reported results. Quantitative knowledge of muscle NMR relaxation time was a prerequisite for absolute quantification of metabolites using the 1H-MRS and also was useful for optimizing measurement protocols.