Objective To investigate the effects of community smoking cessation supervision on lung function; acute exacerbation frequency and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Forty-five COPD patients were divided into the intervention group(23 cases) and the control group(22 cases).The control group was given routine drug treatment.While the intervention group was given community smoking cessation supervision based upon routine treatment.The variation of lung function, quality of life (SGRQ inventory) and acute exacerbation times during the year were compared. Results The variation of lung function and quality of life improved greatly after in-tervention group compared with those before intervention, P<0.05. Conclusions Community smoking cessation supervision was a feasible measure to improve lung function and quality of life and reduce acute exacerbation in COPD patients.

Objective To evaluate the value of plasma soluble urokinase?type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR)and D?dimer for assessing disease severity and prognosis in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Methods A serial of 112 patients with traumatic brain injury admired to our hospital were divided into mild TBI (GCS score 13~15),moderate TBI(GCS score 9~12)and severe TBI(GCS score 3~8). The levels of plasma suPAR and D?dimer were monitored within 24 h after patient admission. Results The levels of suPAR and D?di?mer in TBI group were obviously higher than those in the control group(15.86±7.33 vs 2.79 ± 0.69,P<0.01;3.50 ± 2.78 vs 24 ± 0.15,P<0.01). The levels of suPAR and D?dimer in the severe TBI group were also obviously high?er than those in the moderate TBI group(P<0.05). Plasma suPAR levels and GCS score had significant negative correlation(r =- 0.854,P < 0.01). D?dimer levels and GCS score showed a negative correlation(r =- 0.738, P < 0.01). Plasma suPAR and D ? dimer was positively correlated(r = 0.753,P < 0.01). The area under the curve of D?dimer(AUC)was larger,0.854,95%CI 0.763~0.945;the AUC of suPAR was 0.801,95%CI 0.698~0.903. Conclusion Higher levels of suPAR and D?dimer in TBI patients is not only relevant to the injury sever?ity ,but also closely to the prognosis.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum.Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography.Their structures were identified on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectral data.Results Two benzophenanthridine alkaloids,1,3-bis(8-dihydronitidinyl)-acetone(1)and 8-acetonyldihydrofagaridine(2),have been iso-lated from the roots of Z.nitidum.Conclusion Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds named nitidumtone A and nitidumtone B.

This study was aimed to observe the promotion effect of wound healing retention enema for postoperative anal fistula by modifiedWu-Wei Xiao-Du(WWXD) decoction, in order to explore its mechanism. A total of 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in both groups were diagnosed as simple low anal fistula and treated with low anal fistula incision. The retention enema of 30 mL modified WWXD decoction or complexHuang-Bai fluid were given once a day for postoperative dressing changes. Detailed observations and scores were made on wound exudate, color, and itching around the anus. The comparisons were made on carrion off time, new epithelium time, rate of wound-reducing, wound healing time, and the total clinical efficacy 21 days after operation. The results showed that the wound exudate on the 7th and 14th postoperative day was better than that of the control group. There was no significant difference on the 21st day between two groups. The wound color of the treatment group was better than that of the control group on the 7th and 14th postoperative day. The itching around anus of the treatment group was better than that of the control group on the 7th, 14th and 21st postoperative day. The carrion wound off time and new epithelium time of the treatment group were earlier than that of the control group. There was no significant difference on the rate of wound-reducing. There were no significant differences on the total clinical efficacy 21 days after operation as well as the total average healing time of both groups. It was concluded that modified WWXD decoction can shorten the inflammation phase, reduce the wound exudate and itching, promote early carrion fall and as well as the wound healing.

Objective To investigate how vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) up-regulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via protein kinase C(PKC)/ nitric oxide(NO) pathway in the retina of diabetic rats.Methods All the rats were divided into 4 groups: normal,diabetes,diabetes+PKCI and control groups.Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of STZ.PKC inhibitor GF109203X was injected intravitreally after 5 months of streptozotocin induced diabetes.NO was determined by nitrate reductase method.VEGF and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were measured by Western blot.Results VEGF and NO expressions increased obviously in the retina of diabetic rats compared with those in the normal group(P

Objective To investigate the renoprotective effects of KB-R7943 on renal injury induced bycontrast media. Method Tubular epithelial cells were trested with varions cencentration of KB-B7943 (10-5,10-6 mol/L) for 12 hours before contrast media was used. After cells we, re incubated with contrast media (CM)(110 mgI/L) for 1 hour, cells injury was assessed by using LDH, and cell morphologic changes and cells apopto-sis were evaluated with inverted microscope and flow cytometry, respoelively. Intracellular Ca2+ and reactive oxy-gen species (ROS) were analyzed by using confocal microscope. The expression of Na+/Ca2+exchanger mRNAwas evaluated by RT-PCR. Mannitol with same osmolarity (20% mannitol, 770 mOsm/L) of CM was used as con-trol. One-way analysis of variance and q-test were used for comparison between groups. The simple linear correla-tion was employed to analyze the correlation. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Contrast media sig-nificantly induced tubular cells damage significantly and apoptosis at 1 hour after incubation, meanwhile, intracel-lular Ca2+ and ROS were inoreased progressively in CM group. KB-R7943 significantly attenuated cells damage andapoptosis in dose-dependent in association with decreased intracellular Ca2+ and ROS. Expression of Na+/Ca2+exchanger mRNA was not changed. Conclusions KB-R7943 has renoprotective effects on the contrast-media-in-duced renal tubular cyotoxicity

Objective To investigate the influence of obesity on renal lesion in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients by analyzing the association between obesity and absolute renal risk factors (ARR).Method Clinical-pathological data of IgAN patients diagnosed by renal biopsy in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were collected retrospectively.According to the body mass index (BMI),patients were divided into non-obese group (BMI ＜ 28,N-OB group) and obese group (BMI≥28,OB group).Their clinical characteristics,pathological index and ARR scores were compared.The relationship of BMI and ARR was analyzed by ordinal logistic regression models.Results (1) A total of 674 IgAN patients with mean age of 35.5+ 11.3 years were enrolled,including 94 in OB group and 580 in N-OB group respectively.Compared with those in the N-OB group,the proportion of male,age,mean arterial pressure,blood uric acid,blood triglyceride,diabetes mellitus and hypertension increased in OB group (all P ＜ 0.01).Patients in OB group had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and higher ARR score than those in N-OB group (all P ＜ 0.05).(2) More severe thickening renal small artery wall and hyaline degeneration were observed in the OB group than in the N-OB group (all P ＜ 0.01).There was no statistical difference between the two groups in Lee classification,Oxford classification,mesangial cell proliferation,glomerular sclerosis,crescent formation,renal tubular atrophy,interstitial inflammatory cell in filtration and endothelial cell proliferation.(3) After adjusting for age,sex,blood uric acid,serum albumin,eGFR,low density lipoprotein,glomerular sclerosis,interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration,renal tubular atrophy and vascular wall thickening,BMI was still an independent risk factors for ARR in IgAN patients (OR=1.09,95％ CI 1.03-1.14).Conclusions BMI is an independent risk factors for ARR in IgAN patients.Early prevention and control of obesity and its associated risk factors may improve outcomes of IgAN patients.

Objective To evaluate the effects of modified early goal directed therapy (EGDT )on the prognosis of patients with septic shock .Methods Clinical data of 116 patients with septic shock admitted to ICU during January 2011 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed .Patients were divided into modified early goal‐directed therapy group (n=57) and traditional early goal‐di‐rected therapy group (n=59) according to different methods of treatment ,the patients′28‐day survival rates of these 2 groups were compared .Modified early goal‐directed therapy are divided into survival group (n=46) and non‐survival group (n=11) according to 28‐day prognosis .Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ ) score ,sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) ,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) score and other relevant indicators of survival group and non‐survival group were compared .Results The 28‐day survival rate in modified early goal‐directed therapy group had increased approximately 18 .9% higher than that of the traditional early goal‐directed therapy group(P< 0 .05) .The APACH Ⅱ score ,SOFA score and MODS score in non‐survivors were significantly higher than those of survivors in modified EGDT group ,which were[(29 .36 ± 1 .57)d vs .(24 .30 ± 3 .27)d] ,[(13 .45 ± 0 .52)d vs .(12 .78 ± 1 .33)d] ,[(9 .00 ± 0 .00)d vs .(4 .04 ± 1 .94)d]separately .And vaso‐pressors time and mechanical ventilation time was significantly longer in non‐survivors than survivors(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Mod‐ified early goal directed therapy could improve 28‐day survival rate ,and it show s beneficial effects on outcome of critical patients w ith septic shock .

Through a series of chemical reactions, a kind of quaternary ammonium salt derivative of nanodiamond, ND-CO-NH-CH2-CH2-N ( CH3 ) 3+· I-( QAS-ND ) , was obtained , which was confirmed by FTIR, element analysis experiment and the electrochemistry measurements. Mixed myoglobin ( Mb) and QAS-ND solution was dropped on the surface of the glassy carbon ( GC ) electrode to prepare QAS-ND/Mb/GC modified electrode. In 0. 1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (PBS) (pH 7. 0), Mb in the membrane exhibited direct electrochemical properties and showed good stability. The electrocatalytic property of the modified electrode toward H2 O2 was investigated, the results showed that the modified electrode could be used as the H2O2 biosensor to achieve fast, accurate detection of H2O2, with a detection limit of 3. 5 mmol/L (S/N=3).

Objective To explore the effects of simvastatin on the protein expressions of urokinase-typeplasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into saline group , LPS group and LPS plus simvastatin group , and were then pretreated with simvastatin (1 mg/kg) for 30 minutes before addition of LPS (8 mg/kg). Changes in left ventricular pressure were recorded. Ninety minutes after LPS injection, whole blood was collected from the inferior vena cava, and neutrophils were separated. The neutrophils were then lysed to detect levels of uPA and PAI-1. Results Left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP: mmHg), maximal differential of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax:mmHg/s), and heart rate (beats/min) were markedly decreased at different time points after administration of LPS, and maximal differential of left ventricular pressure increased in the rats receiving LPS as compared with those receiving saline, although the differences between the control and LPS groups were not statistically significant. LPS caused a great decline in uPA content and an elevation in PAI-1 content in neutrophils, but simvastatin diminished the impact of LPS on neutrophils. Conclusion Simvastatin plays a role in protection of cardiac function in rats with LPS-induced septic shock , and controls expressions of uPA and PAI-1 in neutrophils.