Between January 2011 and December 2011,86 patients undergoing operation for anorectal disease were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive a mixed injection of methylene blue,ropivacaine and sodium chloride (observation group,n =43) or traditional analgesic methods (control group,n =43).Patients in observation group had less visual analog scale (VAS) scores of pain at 6-48 h postoperation than control group (P ＜0.05).The scores had no significant difference at 72 h postoperation between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The total postoperative complications (8,19％) and hospitalization duration [(5.3 ± 2.2) days] in observation group were significantly less than those [15,35 ％ and (6.4 ±1.7) days] in control group (P ＜ 0.05).A mixed injection of methylene blue and ropivacaine intraoperatively can relieve the postoperative pain of patients with anorectal disease and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and the duration of hospitalization.

Background:The pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia(FD)is complicated and unclarified yet. Gastrointestinal hormone dysfunction may contribute to the development of FD. Aims:To investigate the correlation of different subtypes of FD with gastrointestinal hormone motilin(MTL),neuropeptide Y(NPY)and leptin(LEP). Methods:A total of 57 FD patients fulfilling Rome Ⅲ criteria were recruited and divided into epigastric pain syndrome(EPS)group(n = 24)and postprandial distress syndrome( PDS) group( n = 33 ). Ten healthy volunteers were served as controls. Fast and postprandial levels of MTL,NPY and LEP in peripheral blood were detected by radioimmunoassay. Results:Peripheral levels of fast MTL in EPS and PDS groups[(182. 90 ± 108. 57)pg/ mL and(145. 21 ± 67. 18)pg/ mL vs.(224. 47 ± 64. 55)pg/ mL,P < 0. 05],fast NPY in EPS group[(57. 40 ± 28. 75)pg/ mL vs.(90. 75 ± 49. 57)pg/ mL,P < 0. 01], and fast and postprandial NPY in PDS group[fast level:(38. 25 ± 20. 66)pg/ mL vs. (90. 75 ± 49. 57)pg/ mL,P <0. 01;postprandial level:(30. 26 ± 15. 12)pg/ mL vs.(65. 23 ± 54. 42)pg/ mL,P < 0. 01]were significantly lower than those in control group at same time points,especially the PDS group. Fast and postprandial levels of NPY were significantly lower in PDS group than in EPS group at same time points( P < 0. 05). No significant differences were observed in peripheral LEP levels among the three groups at any time points(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:The pathogenic mechanism of FD is related to the level of gastrointestinal hormones,and is different in EPS and PDS subtypes. Reduced MTL and NPY levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of PDS.

Objective To observe the relationship of IL-10 gene single nucleotide polymorphism and the susceptibility to ALL. Methods The bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from 115 ALL patients and 323 healthy controls were collected in Peking University First Hospital and Beijing Dao-pei Hospital from January 2007 to December 2009. The DNA were extracted from all samples. The primers of -819C/T and -592A/C in the promoter region of IL-10 gene were designed for the PCR. The restrictive fragment length polymorphism of IL-10 gene was analyzed by using restrictive enzyme Msl Ⅰ and HpyCH4 Ⅲ.Sequencing was done in part of these samples to confirm the results of PCR. The differences of genotypes and allele ratio of -819 and -592 sites were analyzed between the ALL patients and healthy controls. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to detect the EB virus (EBV) infection and the expression of BCR/ABL fusion gene. The differences of genotypes and allele ratio of -819 and -592 sites were analyzed between the positive and negative group. Results The genotype ratios of -819CC, -819TT, - 819CT, -592AA,- 592CC and - 592AC were 14. 8% ( 17/115 ), 45.2% ( 52/115 ), 40. 0% ( 46/115 ), 43.5% ( 50/115 ),16. 5% ( 19/115 ), 40. 0% ( 46/115 ) in ALL patients, and were 9. 9% ( 32/323 ), 16. 4% ( 53/323 ),73.7% ( 238/323 ), 11.8% ( 38/323 ), 15.5% ( 50/323 ), 72. 8% ( 235/323 ) in the healthy controls,respectively. The genotypes of -819 and -592 sites had statistically significant differences between the two groups(x2 values were 46.000 and 54.550, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). The allele ratio of -819T and -592A were (65.2%, 150/230) and (63.5%, 146/230) in ALL patients, while they were 53.5% (344/646) and 48. 1% (311/646)in the healthy controls. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (x2 values were 9. 877 and 15.986, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). The EBV DNA were detected in 42 ALL patients,among which 22 were positive and 20 were negative. The genotype ratios of -819CC, -819TT, -819CT,-592AA, - 592CC, - 592AC in EBV positive group were 9. 1% ( 2/22 ), 40. 9% ( 9/22 ), 50. 0%(11/22) ,31.8% ( 7/22 ), 13.6% ( 3/22 ), 54. 5% ( 12/22 ), while they were 35.0% ( 7/20 ), 45.0%(9/20) ,20. 0% (4/20) ,35.0% (7/20) ,45.0% (9/20) ,20. 0% (4/20) in the EBV negative group. The genotypes of -819 and -592 sites showed no statistical differences between the two groups( all P ＞ 0. 05 ).The BCR/ABL fusion gene were detected in 36 ALL patients, among which 20 were positive and 16 were negative. The genotype ratios of - 819CC, - 819TT, - 819CT, - 592AA, - 592CC, - 592AC in BCR/ABL positive group were 0% (0/20) ,45.0% (9/20) ,55.0% ( 11/20), 45. 0% (9/20) ,5.0% (1/20) ,50. 0%( 10/20), while they were 18. 8% ( 3/16 ), 50. 0% ( 8/16), 31.3% ( 5/16 ), 50. 0% ( 8/16 ), 18. 8%(3/16), 31.3 % (5/16)in the BCR/ABL negative group. The genotypes of -819 and -592 sites showed no statistical differences between the two groups ( all P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The population with - 819TT and - 592AA genotype of IL-10 gene shows susceptibility to ALL.

Objective To explore the risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM ) in advanced maternal age (AMA) at the early stage of pregnancy .Methods A total of 1200 subjects with AMA were enrolled in this study as AMA group from Jun 2016 to Jul 2017 in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Capital Medical University .Each group was further divided according to OGTT results :GDM group and NGDM group .The risk factors of GDM were analyzed .Results The prevalence of GDM was 24.17%(290/1200) .The history of type 2 diabetes in first-degree relatives,pre-pregnancy BMI,TG,FPG,FIns,and HOMA-IR were significantly different in the two groups (P＜0.05) .Pearson correlation analysis showed that GDM was positively correlated with the history of type 2 diabetes in first-degree relatives,pre-pregnancy BMI,TG,FPG,FIns and HOMA-IR (r= 0.519,0.413,0.451, 0.625,0.531,0.214,P＜ 0.05) .Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that history of type 2 diabetes in first-degree relatives,pre-pregnancy BMI,TG,FPG,FIns and HOMA-IR were independent risk factors for GDM (OR=1.635,1.133,2.153,2.418,1.390,1.901,P＜0.05) .Conclusion During early pregnancy in subjects with AMA,TG,FPG,FIns,history of type 2 diabetes in first-degree relatives,pre-pregnancy BMI were independent risk factors for GDM .

Objective To investigate the changes in cognitive function in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) in a 5-year follow-up.Methods A total of 181 PD and 173 normal participants were recruited between January 2009 and January 2012 at the Department of Neurology,the Second Hospital of Jiaxing City.Regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of cognitive impairment,and changes in subdomains of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were compared annually with baseline data.Results Baseline clinical data were similar between the two groups.The level of cognitive impairment was positively correlated to the age of onset and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (H AMD) (t =3.326,P＜ 0.05;t =5.211,P＜0.01),and negatively correlated to education level (t=-2.505,P＜0.05).There were no statistical differences in the first (26.5 ± 2.6),second (26.3±3.2) and third year (25.9±2.9) in the total scores of MoCA,which significantly increased in the forth (24.4 ± 2.3,P＜0.05) and fifth (24.1 ± 1.2,P＜0.05) year compared with baseline levels (26.7±2.9).However,in the control group,differences between any two years in total scores were not statistically significant (all P＞0.05).Seven subdomains of MoCA were attenuated,and four of them were significant different between the groups,including delayed recall,attention,abstraction task and orientation after the forth year of follow-up (all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,visuospatial execution capacity was attenuated before the third year,and then rose markedly (P＜0.05).In the control group,the between-year differences of seven subdomains were not statistically significant (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Cognitive function of PD patients decreases significantly in some domains,such as delayed recall,attention,abstraction task and orientation after a five-year followup.

Objective To investigate serum levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),complement component C1q (C1q) and homocysteine(HCY) in patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD),in order to provide a basis for establishing laboratory markers in AD patients.Methods One hundred AD patients and one hundred healthy controls from Beijing Hospital were selected.Serum levels of Lp-PLA2,C1q,hs-CRP and HCY were determined using a biochemistry analyzer.Serum levels of amyloid β-protein 40(Aβ40)and Aβ42 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results Serum levels of Aβ40,Aβ42,Lp-PLA2,hs-CRP,C1 q and HCY were higher in AD patients than in the control group[(66.0±14.0) pmol/L vs.(7.1±8.2) pmol/L,(7.2±1.4) pmol/L vs.(1.9±1.7) pmol/L,(510.6±140.1)U/L vs.(419.0±91.8) U/L,(2.8±3.4) mg/L vs.(1.2±0.7) mg/L,(218.0±58.4) mg/L vs.(194.8 ± 27.7) mg/L and (18.8 ± 9.3) μmol/L vs.(14.9 ± 5.2) μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01],and the differences were greater in female subjects than in male subjectss.Conclusions High serum levels of Lp-PLA2,C1q,hs-CRP and HCY may be associated with Alzheimer's disease,while the exact relationships need to be further investigated.

Objective:To explore the block-based charging method for centralized dispensing of neonatal drugs in pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS), analyze its effect on drug savings and inpatient drug cost, so as to provide the reference for the appropriate charging method of neonatal drugs.Methods:According to the balance quantity and amount of neonatal intravenous drugs that were centrally allocated by the PIVAS of our hospital, refer to the doctor′s orders, the dosage per dose as well as the number of patients per dose were analyzed, then the drug types and plans for block-based charging were formulated. Before and after the implementation of the plan, the monthly average drug balance quantity and amount, the average number of drug charges for the neonates, the average daily drug cost, and the adverse events of related drugs were used as the indicators to be investigated to clarify the implementation effect of the block-based charging mothod.Results:Fourteen medicines were charged by block-based, including 4 antibiotics, 2 ordinary infusion preparations, and 8 parenteral nutrition solution preparations. The monthly average drug balance quantity was reduced from 5 047±541 to 1 856±225, and the monthly average balance amount was reduced from 65 811±10 265 yuan to 20 659±6 002 yuan. The average drug dosage for children in the trial drug was significantly reduced with a decrease range of 39.2% to 90.1%. Both the inpatient daily drug cost of neonatus and the daily average antibacterial drug cost was decreased. During the centralized dispensing of neonatal drugs, no related adverse drug events occurred.Conclusions:The block-based charging method of centralized drug distribution can improve the utilization rate of drugs, reduce drug waste, reduce the cost of inpatient medicines the financial burden on children′s families, which is worthy of further promotion and implementation.