The clinical data of 19 cases of giant cell arteritis (GCA) including 8 males and 11 females aged 21-92 y (average 62.2 y) from July 2002 to September 2008 were retrospectively reviewed.Among 19 patients,15 first visited the neurology department and 4 the rheumatism department;8 had fever and 16 had headache as primary symptom;the ESR ranged from 20 to 130 mm/1 h (average 71.1 mm/1 h).Fourteen patients were diagnosed as GCA at admission and 18 were treated with steroids hormone and all got remission except 1 death and 2 recurrences.If temporal artery biopsy is not acceptable,integrated analysis of signs,symptoms,laboratory tests,treatment effectiveness and follow-up is important for the correct diagnosis of GCA.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of warm needling moxibustion at Zhongji (CV 3) and Zusanli (ST 36) in treatment of urinary retention after gynecological surgery. ＜br> Methods: Forty patients with urinary retention after gynecological surgery were randomly divided into two groups by the randomized method, 20 cases in each group. Patients in the treatment group were treated by warm needling moxibustion at Zhongji (CV 3) and Zusanli (ST 36). Patients in the control group were treated by inductive urination. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed after one course of treatment. ＜br> Results:The total effective rate was 95.0%in the treatment group and 70.0% in the control group. The difference in the total effective rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). ＜br> Conclusion: Warm needling moxibustion at Zhongji (CV 3) and Zusanli (ST 36) is more effective than inductive urination in treating urinary retention after gynecological surgery.

Objective To observe and analyze the change state of serum inflammatory mediators of patients with secondary septic shock after chemotherapy for acute leukemia .Methods 56 patients with secondary septic shock after chemotherapy for acute leukemiawere were selected as the group A,56 patients without secondary septic shock after chemotherapy for acute leukemia were selected as the group B ,56 healthy persons of the same age were selected as the group C,then the serum inflammatory mediators levels of three groups were detected and compared,and the serum indexes of group A with different severity degree of shock were compared, then the detection results of group A and group B with different types ( lymphocytic leukemia and nonlymphocytic leukemia)were compared.Results The serum inflammatory mediators levels, including TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and other inflammatory factors, including PGE2 , sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sCD44, there were group A >group B >group C, severe shock >moderate shock>mild shock ( all P<0.05 ) .The above serum inflammatory mediators and other inflammatory factors levels of different types in group A were higher than those in group B, and the above mediators in lymphocytic leukemia of group A and group B were higher than those in nonlymphocytic leukemia (all P<0.05).Conclusion The serum inflammatory mediators of patients with secondary septic shock after chemotherapy for acute leukemia show higher expression state,and the influence of shock degree and leukemia types for the expression are great.

Objective To observe the efficacy of Qingre Jiangzhuo prescription in the treatment of overweight subjects of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Two hundred and four cases were divided into 2 groups in a randomized, paralleled, contrast, prospective study. The control group was treated with metformin tablet and the trial group was treated with Qingre Jiangzhuo prescription. The efficacy and safety of the two groups were compared on HbAlc, FBG, P2BG, TC, TG, BMI and AE after 12 weeks. Results After treatment, all indexes of the trial group were markedly improved compared with before treatment (P 0.05). The rate of AE in the trial group was less than that in the control group. Conclusion Qingre Jiangzhuo prescription has curative effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with better safety.

Objective To investigate whether pregnant rats exposure to ketamine cause offspring changes in space cognitive abilities and exploration abilities.Methods 3-month Sprague-Dawley female rats ( n =24)were randomly divided into four groups:group N (control group),group K1 (small doses of ketamine group),group K2 ( clinical anesthesia dose of ketamine group),group K3 ( large doses of ketamine group).3-month Sprague-Dawley male rats ( n =4) and female rats were mated at the same cage by the proportion of 2∶ 1.Pregnant mice were treated at tenth day:group N were treated saline with equal-volume to ketamine vein injection; group K1,group K2,group K3 administered vein injection 3,8,20mg/kg of ketamine.Then the 20-day offspring rats'learning and memory were assessed used Open Field Test ( record the time of the offspring in the central case through the number of grid within 2 min ) and Hole Board Test ( Counting the times of offspring stretch into the hole in 5 min) at postnatal days 20.Results In the Open Field Test,the retention time in central check of group N,group K2 and group K3 were (2.45 ± 1.23)s,(6.42 ±2.50)s,(6.41 ±2.19)s.Compared with group N,the retention time in central check of group K2 and group K3 were significantly higher (F=13.42,P＜0.01 ),and group K1 were not significant different ( t =1.33,P＞0.01 ),and the locomotion of group K1,group K2,group K3 were significantly reduced( ( 15.33 ± 6.81 ),( 13.75 ± 5.93 ),( 16.92 ± 6.54 ),F =4.24,P ＜ 0.05 ).In the Hole Board Test,the times of offspring stretch into the hole were not significant different comparing with the control group(F=2.17,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The dose of ketamine that equivalented clinical anesthesia can affect offspring rats' space cognitive abilities; but the exploring cognitive ability were not significantly influenced.

Objective To establish a continuous monitoring assay of serum argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) activity with automatic biochemistry analyzer, and perform methodology validation and preliminary clinical application.Methods According to the chemical reaction catalyzed by ASL and the working characteristics of automatic biochemistry analyzer, an enzyme coupled reaction system with high specificity was set up, and the methodology validation was performed.Three hundred and nine patients with various liver diseases, 269 non-liver disease patients and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.Serum ASL, ALT, and AST level were determined in all subjects.Results A new kinetics assay of ASL activity was set up with automatic biochemistry analyzer.The methodological validation demonstratod that inter-assay and intra-assay coefficient of variation were 4.0% and 5.9% respectively and the mean recovery was 100.5%.The linear range was 0-167.7 U/L.The lowest detection limit was approximately 0 U/L.The interference test showed that there is no significant interferences while the concentration of bilirubin is less than 342 μmoL/L or commonly used anticoagulants is employed at their routine concentrations.However,interference was significant when Hb level is more than 0.06 g/L.Preliminary study of clinical application showed that there was no significant difference of serum ASL level between non-liver disease group and healthy group ( q = 0.027, P = 0.979 ), but there was significant differences for both serum ALT and AST levels (ALT:q =6.461,P =0.000;AST:q =6.481,P =0.000).Conclusions A continuous monitoring assay for the determination of serum ASL activity is successfully established. Serum ASL may be a good biomarker for liver injury.

Objective: Our aim was to study whether the cellular bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) profile was associated with the parameters of pulmonary function tests. Methods：Lung function tests and BAL were carried out in 18 untreated, non-smoking patients suffering from sarcoidosis and 18 normal subjects. Results：（1）Lung function tests were normal at rest in patients with sarcoidosis（P＞0.05）, the single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity decreased (P＜0.05)，and the small airway function decreased too (P＜0.05).（2）The percentage of lymphocytes in BALF of sarcoidosis increased comparing with the normal subjects（P＜0.01），and the ratio of CD+4 to CD+8 in BALF increased significantly in sarcoidosis（P ＜0.05）, furthermore, the increase of both the percentage of lymphocytes and the ratio of CD+4 to CD+8 in BALF of sarcoidosis were well nagatively correlated with the decrease of the percentage of DLCO (r=-0.67, P＜0.01 and r=-0.55, P＜0.05, respectively), the decrease of mid-expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FEF50%) was well correlated with the increase of the percentage of lymphocytes in BALF of sarcoidosis (r=-0.54, P＜0.05). Conclusion：Pulmonary diffusing capacity（DLCO) was significently correlated with BALF lymphocyte phenotype，so was small airway function，and can act as the marker of activity of sarcoidosis.

In the present paper, the contribution of the largest principal component and the number of principal component needed for accumulative contribution 95% are selected as indices of electroencephalogram (EEG) in mental fatigue state in order to investigate the relationship between these parameters and mental fatigue. The experimental results showed that the contribution of the largest principal component of EEG signals increased in the prefrontal, frontal and central areas, while the number of principal component needed for accumulative contribution decreased by 95% with the increasing mental fatigue level. The parameters of singular system of EEG signals can be regarded as useful features for the estimation of mental fatigue and have larger application value in the study of mental fatigue.
Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Mental Fatigue ; Principal Component Analysis

The paper analyzed legally the following predicaments of legitimization of rural doctors in China:no legitimacy protection for their practice,vague criteria for practicing medicine,conflicts between legal regulations for medical practice and rural realities,and lack of a liability insurance system.The authors,based on an exploration of the legislative framework for rural doctors,made four corresponding legislative proposals as follows:to clearly define the legal scope and identity of rural doctors,to establish a qualification and employment system for rural doctors,to develop practicing norms applicable for rural doctors,and to set standards for their income.