Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is linked to an increased prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI). However, research dedicated to elucidating the pathogenesis of AS-MI is lacking. In this study, we explored the biomarkers for enhancing the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency of AS-MI. Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis and machine learning models to screen hub genes. A receiver operating characteristic curve and a nomogram were designed to assess diagnostic accuracy. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to reveal the potential function of hub genes. Immune infiltration analysis indicated the correlation between hub genes and the immune landscape. Subsequently, we performed single-cell analysis to identify the expression and subcellular localization of hub genes. We further constructed a transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network. Finally, drug prediction and molecular docking were performed. S100A12 and MCEMP1 were identified as hub genes, which were correlated with immune-related biological processes. They exhibited high diagnostic value and were predominantly expressed in myeloid cells. Furthermore, 24 TFs and 9 miRNA were associated with these hub genes. Enzastaurin, meglitinide, and nifedipine were predicted as potential therapeutic agents. Our study indicates that S100A12 and MCEMP1 exhibit significant potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AS-MI, offering novel insights into the underlying etiology of this condition.
Humans ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications* ; Systems Biology/methods* ; Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis* ; Biomarkers/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Machine Learning

Sesquiterpenes are natural terpenes containing 15 carbon atoms. They are widely used in the perfume, pharmaceutical, and biofuel industries due to their remarkable biological activities. The traditional production of sesquiterpenes relies on chemical synthesis or plant extraction, which has the disadvantages of low yields and waste of resources. The construction of microbial cell factories for the efficient synthesis of sesquiterpenes by means of synthetic biology provides a new option. In recent years, with the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, the heterologous synthesis of a variety of sesquiterpenes has been successfully achieved by metabolic engineering of the oleaginous yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica. In this paper, we review the research progress in the heterologous synthesis of different sesquiterpenes by Y. lipolytica, discuss the synthetic biology strategies commonly used in this field, and make an outlook on the research directions and engineering approaches to further enhance the sesquiterpene yield in this host. This paper provides a reference for strategies such as synergistic optimization of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, enhanced precursors, and opens up new directions for the application of synthetic biology in green chemistry and sustainable production.
Yarrowia/genetics* ; Sesquiterpenes/metabolism* ; Metabolic Engineering/methods* ; Synthetic Biology/methods*

ObjectiveTo analyze the willingness to receive human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine and its influencing factors among adult women in Qinghai Province, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of targeted health intervention strategies. MethodsA multi-stage whole cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the willingness to receive HPV vaccine in eight cities or states of Qinghai Province from December 2024 to January 2025. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to identify the influencing factors associated with HPV vaccination willingness. ResultsThe results of the 923 participants participated the questionnaire survey revealed that adult women’s HPV vaccination willingness scores differed statistically significant by educational level (F=9.596, P<0.001) and occupation (F=8.494, P<0.001). The hierarchical multiple regression modeling showed that perception of susceptibility (β=0.078, P<0.05), cues to action(β=0.134, P<0.05), and subjective norms (β = 0.407, P<0.001) were positively associated with HPV vaccination willingness among adult women, while perceptual disorder (β =-0.113, P<0.001) was negatively associated with it. ConclusionThe willingness to receive HPV vaccine among adult women in Qinghai Province is influenced by perception of susceptibility, perceptual disorder, cues to action, and subjective norms. Policy makers and public health agencies should therefore adopt targeted strategies, such as optimizing health education, improving vaccine accessibility, lowering barriers to vaccination, and reinforcing supportive social networks, to increase HPV vaccine uptake and ultimately achieve the goal of effective prevention, control, and elimination of cervical cancer.

Objective:To analyze the association between visceral fat area (VFA) and fatty liver based on quantitative CT (QCT) in people receiving health examination with normal body mass index (BMI).Methods:A cross-sectional study. A total of 1 305 physical examiners who underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the Department of Health Management of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as subjects. The physical components at the central level of the lumbar two cone were measured with QCT, including subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA and liver fat content (LFC). And the metabolic indexes, such as blood lipids and blood glucose, were collected. The t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze the correlation between the detection rate of fatty live and LFCr and age and gender. According to level of VFA (<100 cm 2, 100-150 cm 2 and≥150 cm 2), the subjects were divided into three groups, and one-way ANOVA and χ2 test were used in comparison between groups. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and metabolic indexes and LFC. Results:Of the 1 305 subjects, there were 634 males and 671 females. The detection rate of fatty liver in normal BMI population was 65.67%, and it was 72.71% and 59.02% respectively in men and women ( χ2=27.12, P<0.001), and the detection rate of fatty liver and LFC increased with age (both P<0.05). With the increase of VFA, the age, BMI, SFA, LFC, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood uric acid and prevalence of fatty liver increased (all P<0.05), and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased ( P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age factors, regardless of male or female, LFC was independently positively related with VFA, BMI, and ALT (male β=0.206, 0.145, 0.174, female β=0.194, 0.150, 0.184; all P<0.05). FBG was positively correlated with male independently ( β=0.134; P<0.001). The indicators related to female independently were TC, TG, and blood uric acid ( β=-0.121, 0.145, 0.141, all P<0.05) Conclusion:In the population receiving health examination with normal BMI, the VFA measured by QCT technique is closely related to fatty liver.

AIM: To investigate the effect of unilateral endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy on binocular surface indexes.METHODS: Totally 45 cases with monocular primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction(PANDO)who successfully underwent endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy between 1 December 2022 and 31 July 2023 were enrolled in the study. Ocular surface indexes, including the non-invasive tear break-up time(NIBUT), Sjögren's International Collaborative Clinical Alliance ocular staining score(SICCA OSS), Korb score of lid wiper and Schirmer test scores, were collected preoperatively and at 0.5, 1 and 3 mo post-operatively. Subsequently, various indexes were compared at each time point between the operated and healthy eyes pre- and post-operatively.RESULTS: There was no significant differences between operated and healthy eyes in NIBUT, SICCA OSS, Korb scores and Schirmer test(all P>0.05). Furthermore, the Korb scores of operated eye at 0.5, 1 and 3 mo post-operatively were significantly lower than the preoperative value(P=0.034, 0.044, 0.027). Moreover, the Schirmer test score of the operated eye at 1 mo post-operatively was significantly lower than the preoperative value(P=0.0461).CONCLUSION:After a successful endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, tear drainage is restored, however, ocular surface damage worsens. These changes typically peak at 1 mo post-operatively before gradually improving.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)in the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Methods This study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines,with the PROSPERO registration number of CRD42024517851.PubMed,Embase,Wanfang Data,VIP,CNKI,CBM,and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCT)and cohort studies on MSC in the treatment of ACLF published up to November 1,2023,and the articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.After data extraction and quality assessment,RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the Meta-analysis.Results A total of 11 articles involving 803 subjects were included in this meta-analysis.The results showed that for the patients with ACLF,MSC could improve 8-week survival rate(odds ratio[OR]=2.71,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.58-4.67,P=0.000 3),12-week survival rate(OR=2.24,95%CI:1.36-3.69,P=0.001),24-week survival rate(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.37-3.17,P=0.000 6),and 48-week survival rate(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.29-3.40,P=0.003)and reduce 12-week Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score(mean difference[MD]=-3.27,95%CI:-6.07 to-0.48,P=0.02)and 24-week MELD score(MD=-2.24,95%CI:-3.16 to-1.33,P<0.000 01);it could also reduce the level of total bilirubin after 4 weeks of treatment(MD=-36.86,95%CI:-48.72 to-25.01,P<0.000 01)and increase 4-week albumin level(MD=2.11,95%CI:0.62-3.61,P=0.006)and 24-week albumin level(MD=3.54,95%CI:2.06-5.02,P<0.000 01).Adverse events were evaluated in 6 studies,with no serious adverse events.Conclusion MSC have a good safety in treatment and can improve the survival rate of patients and enhance liver function to some extent,and therefore,it holds promise for clinical application.

Purpose/Significance To analyze the characteristics of organ representation of anatomical ontologies,and to provide ref-erences for the research and construction of ontology in other fields.Method/Process The similarities and differences of three mainstream anatomical ontologies of SNOMED CT(SCT),Uberon and the foundational model of anatomy ontology(FMA)in terms of organ classifi-cation methods and term mapping are compared.Result/Conclusion Among the three main types of anatomical ontologies,SCT and Uberon are mainly classified according to the function of organs,while FMA is mainly classified according to the anatomical morphology of organs.The concept of organs in FMA and Uberon is the same as the concept of entire organs in SCT,and the representation forms of paired organs in SCT,Uberon and FMA are similar.

Objective:To construct a double-layer bone-on-a-chip containing bone matrix, with which the process of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation in vitro is stimulated, aiming to provide a new platform for the development of osteoporosis medications. Methods:Software WorkSoild was used to design the double-layer and double-channel bone-on-a-chip and the template was fabricated by photolithography. With polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the raw material, the main body of the chip was prepared by mold fabrication. The inlets and outlets of the four channels of the culture room were separated with bovine cortex bones and sealed with liquid storage columns. In the chip verification experiment, chips were divided into osteogenic and osteoclastic induction groups and osteogenic and osteoclastic control groups. In the osteogenic and osteoclastic induction groups, precursor cells of mouse embryonic osteoblast, MC3T3-E1 and mouse macrophage RAW264.7 were inoculated on the chip separately. Osteogenic induction lasted 14 days and osteoclastic induction 7 days. MC3T3-E1 cells and RAW264.7 cells were not induced in the osteogenic and osteoclastic control groups. The following indicators were observed: (1) Appearance and sealing performance of the chip: After the chip was prepared, photos were taken to observe its appearance and sealing tests were conducted to observe its sealing performance. (2) Biocompatibility: At 3 days after MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated onto the chip and cultured and at 1, 3 and 5 days after RAW264.7 cells were inoculated onto the chip and cultured, the cell survival was observed with calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide (AM/PI) staining and Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8). (3) Osteogenic differentiation: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining were performed on the cells in the osteogenic induction group to observe the osteogenic induction. RNA was collected from the osteogenic induction group and the osteogenic control group, the expression of osteoblast marker Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN) and type I collagen (COL1A1) was detected by real-time florescent quantitative PCR (qPCR), and the differentiation degree and osteogenic ability of osteoblasts were observed. (4) Osteoclast differentiation: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was performed on cells in the osteoclastic induction group to observe osteoclast differentiation. RNA was extracted from the osteoclastic induction group and the osteoclastic control group for qPCR of osteoclast differentiation-related genes, and the expression levels of the osteoclast marker gene TRAP, cathepsin K (CTSK) and dendritic cell specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) were detected.Results:The double-layer bone-on-a-chip containing bone matrix was 3 cm×3 cm in size and transparent as a whole. The structure of the system on the chip system was compact and had no seepage. It was shown by calcein AM/PI staining that at 3 days after MC3T3-E1 cells and RAW264.7 cells were cultured, very few red fluorescent dead cells were found. CCK-8 test showed that within 5 days after being cultured, the cell viability was all above 90%, indicating that the biocompatibility of the chip was good and the cells could survive and proliferate normally. The results of ALP and alizarin red staining showed that MC3T3-E1 cells successfully differentiated into osteoblasts and produced calcified nodules in the osteogenic induction group at 14 days after the induction. The qPCR results showed that the relative expression level of RUNX2 in MC3T3-E1 cells in the osteogenic induction group was 4.98±0.74, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.99±0.03) ( P<0.01). The relative expression level of OCN in MC3T3-E1 cells was 7.98±0.76, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (1.00±0.06) ( P<0.01). The relative expression level of COL1A1 in MC3T3-E1 cells was 7.07±0.56, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.97±0.03) ( P<0.01). The TRAP staining results showed that the RAW264.7 cells in the osteoclastic induction group differentiated to giant multinucleated osteoclasts, and TRAP protein was expressed in large quantity in the osteoclasts. The results of qPCR showed that the relative expression level of TRAP in RAW264.7 cells in the osteoclastic induction group was 3.35±0.37, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (1.01±0.06) ( P<0.01). The relative expression level of CTSK in RAW264.7 cells was 3.46±0.79, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (1.01±0.05) ( P<0.01). The relative expression level of DC-STAMP in RAW264.7 cells was 1.92±0.12, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.98±0.08) ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The double-layer bone-on-a-chip containing bone matrix is compact in structure, can be cultured in vitro for a long time, has good biocompatibility and can be used for inducing osteogenic and osteoclast differentiation. Therefore, it is expected to provide a new research platform for exploring the mechanism of osteoporosis and medication screening.

ObjectiveTo observe the apoptosis induced by paeoniflorin （PF） in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） cells and explore its mechanism. MethodCell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） was used to detect the inhibition rates of H1299， H292 and A549 cells with different concentrations of PF （2.5， 5， 10， 20， 25 µmol·L^-1）， and to screen suitable concentrations of PF and experimental cells. The inhibitory effect of PF on lung cancer cells was detected by clone formation assay. The effect of PF on cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide （PI） double staining. With the right concentration of drugs， levels of apoptosis-associated protein B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， cleaved Caspase-3 and Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. At the same time， the molecular expressions of hypoxia inducible factor -1α （HIF-1α） and Hippo signaling pathway were determined. ResultCompared with the blank group， PF significantly inhibited the growth of H1299， H292 and A549 cells of human lung cancer （P<0.01）. PF significantly induced apoptosis in A549 cells （P<0.01）， decreased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio （P<0.01）， and significantly increased the cleaved Caspase-3 expression （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the blank group， the expression levels of HIF-1α， transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif （TAZ）， large tumor suppressor 1 （LATS1）， Mps one binding 1 （MOB1） and Yes-associated protein （YAP） in A549 cells of the PF treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while the expressions of p-LATS1， p-MOB1 and p-YAP were significantly increased （P<0.01）. At the same time， there was no significant effect on the expression levels of phosphorylated mammalian Ste20-like kinase 1 （p-MST1） and MST1， which did not reach a statistical difference. ConclusionAll data demonstrated that PF showed an anti-tumor effect by improving hypoxic conditions and inhibiting the abnormally activated Hippo signaling pathway， thereby inducing and promoting apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of frailty and its influencing factors among the elderly, so as to provide the evidence for prevention and control of frailty. Methods: The elderly population at ages of 65 years and older were selected from 14 administrative villages or communities in Wuzhong District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, using the random cluster sample method from July to November, 2022. Demographic information, smoking and alcohol consumption were collected through questionnaire surveys. Physical activity, sleep quality and frailty were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the FRAIL Scale, respectively. Factors affecting frailty among the elderly were evaluated using a multinomial logistic regression model. Results: A total of 8 782 elderly peolple were surveyed, including 4 259 males (48.50%) and 4 523 females (51.50%). The median age was 71.00 (interquartile range, 8.00) years. There were 2 145 cases with pre-frailty (24.42%) and 189 cases with frailty (2.15%). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that age (75-<85 years, OR=1.330, 95%CI: 1.186-1.492; ≥85 years, OR=2.452, 95%CI: 1.882-3.195), smoking (current smoking, OR=0.838, 95%CI: 0.714-0.983), physical activity level (low, OR=1.161, 95%CI: 1.010-1.333) and sleep quality (poor, OR=2.248, 95%CI: 1.822-2.774) were associated with pre-frailty; age (75-<85 years,OR=2.629, 95%CI: 1.921-3.596; ≥85 years, OR=3.067, 95%CI: 1.621-5.801), educational level (junior high school and above, OR=0.488, 95%CI: 0.298-0.798), body mass index (underweight, OR=1.848, 95%CI: 1.023-3.337; obesity, OR=1.798, 95%CI: 1.180-2.740), smoking (quit smoking, OR=1.787, 95%CI: 1.007-3.171; current smoking, OR=0.448, 95%CI: 0.242-0.830), alcohol consumption (yes, OR=0.532, 95%CI: 0.291-0.972), physical activity level (low, OR=2.757, 95%CI: 1.646-4.616) and sleep quality (poor, OR=3.911, 95%CI: 2.438-6.273) were associated with frailty. Conclusion Older, low physical activity level, poor sleep quality, underweight and obesity are associated with frailty of the elderly.