Objective This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of the combined use of Losartan and Astragalus injection for treatment of early diabetic nephropathy(DN) .Methods 80 cases of early DN patients were randomLy divided into 2groups.In the control group(n=40) the patients were received losartan(taken in morning) 50mg/d,while in the experiment group(n=40) received losartan(taken in morning) 50mg/d,associated with astragalus 60mL added in 0.9%solution of sodium chloride 100mL together driped by vein,q.d.Treatment courses lasted 4 weeks in both groups,U-Alb,MAP,FBG,TG,TC,,Scr and BUN were detected for all patient before and after therapy,the data obtained from two groups were compared each other and analysed statistically.Results Detected outcomes indicated that,after therapy,all patients,MAP、TC、TG、Whole blood viscosity、Viscosity of plasma、Fibrinogen and packed cell volume were all significantly reduced in the experiment group,It was more obvious than in the control group.Conclusion Combination of Losartan and Astragalus injection with conventional western medication has a better effect on the treatment of early DN than only Losartan with conventional western medication.

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) have been widely used in biomedical fields, including targeted drug deliv-ery, magnetic resonance imaging, separation and enrichment of cancer cells, and tumor-targeted therapy. However, MIONs are increas-ingly necessary to ensure reduced toxicity, more stable colloidal dispersion, better biocompatibility, and higher magnetic responsive-ness. Thus, apart from the continuous improvement of material synthesis, specific surface modification of MIONs is essential to choose appropriate materials. This paper reviews the available methods and materials and their function in MION surface modification as well as their applications for the separation of circulating tumor cells.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.019

Mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) gene expression is positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it is unclear if Mfn2 is involved in carbohydrate metabolism and lipid homeostasis. In order to investigate the specific functions of Mfn2 in glycometabolism and lipid homeostasis in BALB/c mice, a RNA interference technique-mediated hydrodynamic injection was developed, in which short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were used to inhibit the Mfn2 expression in vivo. Seventy-two mice were randomly divided into two groups: the Mfn2 reduction group (Mfn2/shRNA) and the negative control group (NC). Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance tests were used to evaluate glycometabolism and insulin sensitivity. D-(3-(3)H) glucose or (3)H(2)O was injected into the tail vein or intraperitoneally to facilitate the calculation of the rate of hepatic glucose production and fatty acid synthesis in vivo. The results showed that, in Mfn2/shRNA mice, the liver Mfn2 protein was significantly decreased, and fasting blood glucose concentrations were increased by approximately 48%, when compared with the NC mice. In parallel with the changes in fasting glucose levels, hepatic glucose production was significantly elevated in Mfn2/shRNA mice. When insulin was administrated, these mice exhibited impaired insulin tolerance. It was also found that the reduction of Mfn2 markedly decreased the rate of fatty acid synthesis in the liver, and the Mfn2/shRNA mice exhibited hypertriglyceridema. Taken together, our results indicate that Mfn2 plays an important role in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis, and in the development of insulin resistance in vivo.

Ocular pathology is an important branch of histopathology,which plays a key role in understanding and revealing ocular diseases.In ophthalmology, retinoblastoma (RB) and uveal melanoma (UM) are common primary malignant intraocular neoplasms,which seriously endanger patients' lives.About two thirds of RB patients are caused by sporadic somatic mutations in the Rb1 gene,and the other one third of RB patients are caused by germline mutations in the Rb1 gene,which occur in the early age,are usually bilateral and transmissible to offsprings.High-risk histopathologic factors of RB mainly include the retrolaminar optic nerve invasion and/or massive choroidal invasion,and these are main indications for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.At present, due to lack of effective systemic therapy, about half of UM patients succumb to distant metastasis, most of which are hepatic metastases.Poor prognostic indicators of intraocular neoplasms include large tumor, ciliary body involvement, epithelioid cell type, extraocular diffusion,etc.Monosomy 3 and class 2 gene expression profile are currently accurate and objective prognostic indicators.

Objective To observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the expression of NF-?B and ICAM-1 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods The middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAOR) model was established by using Zea-Longas method in rats. Seventy-two rats were recruited in this study and randomly divided into 3 groups: a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (CIR group),a CIR+HBO group(HBO group),and a sham-operation group(SO group). The infarct volume of each group was measured by TTC staining technique, and the expression of NF-?B and ICAM-1 was measured at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 120 h, respectively, after reperfusion by using immunohistochemistry staining. Results The infarct volume in HBO group was significantly smaller than that in CIR group (P

OBJECTIVE To further strengthen the link monitor of hospital infection management of MDRO,prevent and control the occurrence and spread of MDRO in the hospital and ensure medical safety.METHODS The occurrence of MDRO,and the sterilization were monitored to guarantee the medical care personnel not infected with MDRO,Asepsis process during treatment and nursing,was supervised to cut off the weak link of MDRO spread,carry out standard prevention sense throughout,normalize the use of antibiotics,and fulfill the education of MDRO infection knowledge.RESULTS Through hospital infection management of MDRO,it got the effect of early prevention,early diagnosis and early control,reduced the infection rate of MDRO,prevented the occurrence and spread of MDRO in the hospital and ensure the medical safety.CONCLUSIONS Well done in the link of hospital infection management of MDRO is one of essential contents to evaluate the hospital infection management level,and improve medical care quality and ensure medical safety.

Objective To research the survivability of pinaverium bromide in elderly colonoscopy preoperative preparation to improve the quality of the elderly colonoscopy.Methods Three hundred elderly outpatient who underwent colonoscopy were enrolled in this study and were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 150 patients in each group.The patients in observation group were given pinaverium bromide100 mg,3 times a day with the meal,and at the last time they took 100 mg before 2 h of colonoscopy.The patients in control group took nothing.The entry time and abdominal pain class were recorded by endoscopic doctors and assistants and compared between two groups.Results The completion rate of observation group and control group was 98.0％(147/150)and 93.3％(140/150),the successful rate of observation group and control group was 78.0％(117/150) and 65.3％(98/150),and there were significant differences (x2 =3.94,5.93,P ＜ 0.05).The number of entry time ＜ 5 min,5-10 min,＞ 10 min in observation group was 25,60,62 cases,in control group was 10,53,77 cases,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The abdominal pain class Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳin observation group was 32,85,30,3 cases,in control group was 21,77,42,10 cases,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).There was no adverse reaction in observation group.Conclusions Taking pinaverium bromide before colonoscopy 1 d in elderly patients can help to alleviate the symptoms of conventional colonoscopy abdominal pain and increase the tolerance of elderly.

Objective Mapping the responsible gene for congenital nuclear cataract in a family for five generations in Yantai City,Shandong Province,China.Methods Family history and clinical data were recorded.9 unaffected members and 13 affected members in this family were involved in the study.The genes of all the involved members were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).28 microsatellite polymorphism in the 15 reported disease loci were used as genetic markers.The PCR products from each DNA sample were separated on a 6% polyacrylamide gel and analyzed.Allele-sharing analysis was carried out for exclusion,and linkage analysis was calculated with the LINKAGE(Version 5.1)package.Direct sequencing was used for GJA3 gene.Results The clinical phenotype in this family was isolated congenital nuclear cataract,the pathogenic nutation of the phenotype of which has not been reported yet.For all the 28 markers around the 15 candidate loci,there was no allele-sharing between the affected family members.At the 0.00 recombination frequency,the LOD score was-∝ in 27 of the 28 microsatellite markers with exception of D11S898.No GJA3 gene mutation was found.It indicated that there was no linkage between these markers and the pathogenic gene in this family.Conclusion The responsible gene for the congenital nuclear cataract in this family is not located on the 15 reported loci,which further indicates the clinically and genetically heterogeneity of inherited cataract,and an important clue is provided for finding more cataract responsible genes.The pathogenic gene in this family should be identified through extensive scanning of genes.

One hundred and twenty cases of male infertility were treated by oral administration of Sheng Jing Zhu Yu Decoction, one dose daily for 2 consecutive months and 72 cases were used as control group. Sperm analysis was made before and after treatment. Results showed that after treatment the motility rate, rapid mobility rate and various mobility indices of sperm were improved in the treatment group and among the 120 cases treated, 16 cases's spouses had pregnancy. It is proved that Sheng Jing Zhu Yu Decoction has a definite therapeutic effect on male infertility, and the therapeutic mechanism might be increase of mobility rate, rapid mobility rate and improvement of mobility indices of sperm.