ObjectiveTo evaluate the attentional ability following brain injury.Methods26 patients with brain injury including traumatic brain injury(TBI) and stroke, and 30 normal volunteers were randomly selected. Different attention tests(Continuous Performance Test, Stroop Color-Word Interference Test, Trail Making Test and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task) were applied to assess the attentional ability of the patients and normal volunteesrs. Then the data were sorted out before statistical analysis was performed.ResultsThere was significant difference between the normal and brain injury groups in scores(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference between TBI and stroke in scores(P＞0.05).ConclusionThe multiple aspects of attention deficit existed in the patients with brain injury, including sustained attention, selective attention, divided attention and attentional switching. Clinical manifestations of attention deficit after traumatic brain injury and stroke is closely related with the injury site.

Epilepsies are a group of chronic neurological disorders characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures caused by abnormal synchronous firing of neurons and transient brain dysfunction. The underlying mechanisms are complex and not yet fully understood. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as a condition of excessive accumulation of unfolded and/or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, has been considered as a pathophysiological mechanism of epilepsy in recent years. ER stress can enhance the protein processing capacity of the ER to restore protein homeostasis through unfolded protein response, which may inhibit protein translation and promote misfolded protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, persistent ER stress can also cause neuronal apoptosis and loss, which may aggravate the brain damage and epilepsy. This review has summarized the role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of genetic epilepsy.
Humans ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/genetics* ; Unfolded Protein Response ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/pathology* ; Apoptosis ; Epilepsy/genetics*

Chest trauma is one of the most common injuries. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) as a common complication of chest trauma seriously affects the quality of patients′ life and even leads to death. Although there are some consensus and guidelines on the prevention and treatment of VTE at home and abroad, the current literatures lack specificity considering the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of VTE in patients with chest trauma have their own characteristics, especially for those with blunt trauma. Accordingly, China Chest Injury Research Society and editorial board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology organized relevant domestic experts to jointly formulate the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chest trauma venous thromboembolism associated with chest trauma (2022 version). This consensus provides expert recommendations of different levels as academic guidance in terms of the characteristics, clinical manifestations, risk assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chest trauma-related VTE, so as to offer a reference for clinical application.