AIM: To verify the protection of astragalus polysaecharide (APS) on H2O2 - stressed skin fibro-blasts. METHODS: A model of acute H2O2 stress in primary skin fibroblast was used at concentration of 0.5 mmol/L by 30 rain incubation. Dose responses of APS on cell survival was measured by MTI, cell death was evaluated by DAPI, and effect of APS on mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane potential and lysesome stabilization were measured by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: APS improved cell survival in a dose -dependent manner, starting at 0. 5 mg/L and with a maximum at 1 mg/L. Moreover, APS inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, protected mitechondrial morphology and stablized lysosomal membrane. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the existence, at the mitochondria-lysosome level, of a new pathway of apoptotic regulation by APS. This might constitute a new therapeutic target where oxidative stress and lysesomal impairment are involved.

Proteomic research first came to the fore with the introduction of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and proteomics has been increasingly applied to cancer research with the wide-spread introduction of mass spectrometry and protein chip.As important research tools,oncoproteomics that targets the entire cancer-specific protein network has already been applied in cancer research.In this article the development of the oncoproteomics and its applying in cancer is reviewed.

Study of the strategic objectives chosen by hospitals from the perspective of stakeholders is now under the spotlight of researchers at large. To identify whether there exist differences in strategic objectives among various groups in the hospital and probe into the causes, the author called into play the competing values framework as the analysis tool. An evidenced-based study on public hospitals in Hangzhou identified marked differences on choices of strategic objectives among various internal stakeholders in the hospital For example, hospital administrators tend to focus on internal control, while medical doctors tend to focus on interactions between the hospital and the external environment. On this basis, further studies are proposed.

Objective To understand the situation of indoor air fluoride and arsenic pollution caused by coal-burning and the impact of the pollution on children health in the rural area,southern Shaanxi Province.Method 77 fluoride samples and 186 arsenic samples were collected in 65 investigated villages of 5 counties in southern Shaanxi Province.13 120 children aged 8-12 years were selected for dental fluorosis examination,13 386 children aged 6-18 years for arsenism examination.Results Both of the average content of fluoride and arsenic in the indoor air exceeded the national standard limit.Fluorine content was 0.001-0.541 mg/m3 with an average of 0.038 4 mg/m3,arsenic content was 0.00-63.83 ?g/m3 with an average of 4.76 ?g/m3.The prevalence rates of dental fluorosis and arsenism were 45.50% and 1.86% respectively.Conclusion The indoor air fluoride and arsenic pollution caused by coal-burning in the investigated rural area is serious and the pollution has caused the prevalence of endemic fluorosis and endemic arsenism among the local children.

Objective To observe the effect and the influential factors of stoves improving in controlling fluorosis in the coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas. Methods Among the households whose stoves had been improved by 2001 and the improved ones were in use during the whole monitor, the dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years (n=318) and the skeletal fluorosis in adults older than 16 years were examined and the fluoride concentration in the indoor air, the corn, chili and the urine of children (n=253) was determined respectively. Results The dental fluorosis rates were 64.79%-87.93%, the skeletal fluorosis rate were 17.95%-21.97%, the fluoride levels in the urine were 2.50-4.03 mg/L, in the indoor air per day were 0.033 7-0.175 3 mg/m3, in chili and corn were 48.13-251.40 mg/kg, 2.06-4.06 mg/kg respectively. The dental fluorosis rate and the index went down significantly year by year from 2001 to 2004. The fluoride content in the chili and the children’s urine decreased in varying degrees from 2001 to 2005. The fluoride levels in the indoor air in 2004 and 2005 were significantly lower than that in 2001 respectively. Conclusion Coal-burning endemic fluorosis is still prevailing in this village. Stoves improving is an effective measure to prevent endemic fluorosis caused by coal-burning.

Objective To master the running conditions of water project and the defluoridation results in monitoring sites of drink-water type fluorosis in Shaanxi Province,to provide a scientific basis of preventing and controlling endemic fluoroisis. Methods Every April and September 1998—2005 children aged 8～12 at school from the two monitoring sites of Wupo and Bayi village received the dental fluorosis examination by using the Deans method.The urine samples of 50 children from 5 age groups who were selected randomly and were grouped in 5 with 10 children each were collected,measured in accordance with WS/T 89—1996 Determination of Fluoride in Urinlon Selective Electrode Method,evaluated by Manual of Endemic Fluorosis Control(1991). At least 5 water samples were collected randomly from five directions(east,west,north,south,center).The fluoride contents in urine and drinking water were determined with FSIE,in accordance with GB/T 5750--2006 Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water,evaluated by GB 5749—2006 Standards for Drinking Water Quality.Results After changing water,morbidity rate of children dental fluorosis fell from 66.67%in 1998 to 31.79%in 2005 and the dental fluorosis index also fell form 1.49 to 0.65 of Wupo village,morbidity rate of children dental fluorosis fell from 33.15%in 1998 to 13.10%in 2005 and the dental fluorosis index also fell from 0.50 to 0.24 of Bayi village.The fluoride contents in urine of children and the fluoride contents in drinking water were maintained stability.Conclusion After water improvement,the fluorosis has been effectively controlled in a certain degree in the investigated area.

Objective To observe endothelial and fibrinolytic functions of atrial fibrillation(AF)dogs induced by chronic rapid atrial pacing and effects of cilazapril on it and to investigate the mechanism of thrombogenesis in AF.Methods From January to August of 2004,16 dogs were randomly divided into control group(n=8)and cilazapril group(n=8).All dogs were paced at 400 bpm for 6 weeks by AOO pacemaker.The dogs in cilazapril group received cilazapril(1mg?kg-1?d-1)from 1week before pacing to 6 weeks after pacing.Plasma angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ),von Willebrand factor(vWF),tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA)and plasminogen activator inhibitors-1(PAI-1)level were measured before and after rapid pacing respectively.Results After rapid atrial pacing,plasma AngⅡ,vWF,t-PA and PAI-1 level increased significantly in control group dogs(AngⅡ:(349.9?28.3)ng/L vs(198.4?19.4)ng/L,P

0.05).However,LVEF before revascularization had significant influence on mortality(P=0.004,95%CI=0.893~0.978).Conclusion The strategy of incomplete revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) did not show inferiority in terms of mortality compared with complete revascularization by PCI or CABG in patients with three-vessel disease while the level of pre-operational LVEF had significant influence on the mortality rate.

Glycosaminoglycan(GAG) has recently become an important landscape of discovering new mechanisms of apoptosis stressed by oxidative stress.In this review,we focused the signal transduction passways of GAG in lysosome which can inhibit apoptosis induced by oxidative stress.

Objective To determine the coverage of gonorrhea and syphilis case reporting in China,and provide information for managing STD case-reporting,investigating under-reporting and evaluating STD epidemic.Methods The gonorrhea and syphilis case-reporting data from 31 provinces in 2005 were collected with systematic sampling by months of February,May,August and November through National Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and the coverage of the casereporting by county category in 31 provinces were analyzed.Results The average coverage of gonorrhea case-reporting were 56.66%,66.33%,68.90% and 68.27% in February,May,August and November in 2005,respectively,while the average coverage of syphilis were 42.61%,55.56%,59.46% and 60.59% in these months,respectively.The coverage of case reporting in developed or southeast ern areas,such as Shanghai,Beijing,Tianjin,Chongqi,Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan,and Fujian provinces was higher by more than 80%.However,the coverage in economically less-developed or west ern areas,including.Hebei,Shanxi,Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Gansu,Yunnan,Guizhou,Qinghai and Tibet provinces,was lower by less than 50%.Conclusions Overall,the coverage of gonorrhea and syphilis case reporting in the country is relatively low,which directly compromises the accuracy of STD case reporting data.It is suggested that management,surveillance and evaluation of STD case reporting should be strengthened,especially in economically less-developed or western areas.