Bile reflux is not only related to diseases such as gastritis,esophagitis,pharyngitis,chorditis,bronchitis and pneumonia,but also related to residual gastric ulcer,residual gastric cancer,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia and carcinogenesis. Risk factors related to bile reflux include various operation modes, various anastomosis methods, gallbladder stone, cholecystectomy and various non-operative factors such as age, gender, allergy, mental and psychological factors,congenital factors. This article reviewed the advances in study on risk factors related to bile reflux.

A total of 122 patients with acute left ventricular failure from January 2011 to December 2013 at our hospital were recruited and divided randomly into control group (n =62) and observation group (n =60).Control group received conventional therapy and Bi-level positive airway pressure (Bi-PAP) was added along with conventional therapy for observation group.And 12 and 8 patients died in control and observation groups respectively within 24 h after treatment and there was no statistical difference.The BNP levels of the control group pre-treatment and at 1 h and 24 h post-treatment were (1 040 ± 315),(995 ± 245) and (570 ± 164) ng/L.The BNP levels of observation group pre-treatment and at 1 h and 24 h posttreatment were (1 080 ±209),(995 ±245) and (490 ± 138) ng/L.BNP of observation group at 1 h and 24 h post-treatment decreased significantly compared with that pre-treatment and control group (P ＜0.01).Only at 24 h post-treatment,the BNP level of control group decreased significantly compared with that pretreatment (P ＜ 0.01).

In recent years,studies committed to the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) pathogenesis suggest that potential somatic genetic alterations,and epigenetic events might contribute to MPN development,influence the MPN disease phenotype,progression,and promote transformation.The most relevant mutations identified so far can be broadly classified into two main groups.Mutations associated with dysregulated JAK-STATsignal transduction pathway,including mutations in JAK2,CALR,MPL,CBL,LNK,SOCS.Mutations in several epigenetic modifiers,including mutations in TET2,ASXL1,IDH1/2,DNMT3A,EZH2 and so on.In this paper,the abnormal clones and clonal evolution of MPN were reviewed.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether miR-25 targets KLF4 to regulate the growth of gastric cancer cells and lucidate the mechanism of miR-25 producing functional effects in gastric cancer cells. Methods The expression levels of miR-25 and KLF4 were detected by qRT-PCR in 35 pairs of gastric cancer tissues of patients. Target genes of miR-25 were predicted using Targetscan and verified though dual luciferase activity assay and west-ern blot. MTT assay and clone formation assay were detected after downregulated miR-25 and overexpressed KLF4 respectively. Results miR-25 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues with KLF4 downexpresstion. Downreg-ulated miR-25 and overexpressed KLF4 respectively can significantly reduce the proliferation of gastric cancer cells,the results were opposite when overexpression of KLF4. Conclusion miR-25 promotes gastric cancer cells proliferation by targeting KLF4.

The nanobody is a novel antibody fragment,which has beneficial biophysical and pharmacokinetic properties,such as the small molecular weight,high affinity and specificity for antigen.Nanobody is ideally suitable for molecular imaging as a targeting probe that could label antigen at nmol level in vitro.In animal models of xenografted tumor,atherosclerotic plaques and brain disorders,the target tissues were specifically and clearly detected and the high tumor-to-blood (T/B) ratios were obtained.Structural or chemical modified nanobodies will have higher affinity and retention to target tissues,and be convenient for the application of molecular imaging.With the development of the related research,nanobody-based molecular imaging will be gradually transformed into the clinical applications,and play an important role in early diagnosis and therapeutic assessment.

AIM:To investigate the effects of high concentration of glucose on the expressions of serum and glucocorticoid induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1) and fibronectin in human podocytes and detect the production of fibronectin in human podocytes transfected with active and mutant forms of SGK1.METHODS: The expressions of SGK1 and fibronectin in human podocytes exposed in high glucose for 24 h were detected by using Western blotting. Human podocytes were transfected with three kinds of plasmid: pIRES2-EGFP-SGK1SD (SGK1-active plasmid), pIRES2-EGFP-SGK1KN (SGK1-mutant plasmid) and pIRES2-EGFP (empty vector plasmide). The synthesis levels of fibronectin were detected by immunofluorescence.RESULTS: The expression of SGK1 in normal human podocytes was observed and the expression level was up-regulated in podocytes exposed to high glucose for 24 h (50?4 vs 35?3), parallelly with the high expression of fibronectin (19?4 vs 12?2). The secretion of fibronectin was increased obviously in SGK1-active plasmid (SGK1SD) transfected podocytes compared with the vector transfected podocytes. Whereas, the fibronectin level was decreased significantly but not completely abolished in SGK1-mutant plasmid (SGK1KN) transfected podocytes, compared with SGK1SD transfected podocytes. CONCLUSION: SGK1 may be involved in the synthesis of fibronectin in human podocytes induced by high glucose and play a critical role in the activation of human podocytes during early stage of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To analyze the effects of fetal reduction in early pregnancy on obstetric and neonatal outcomes of spontaneously or selectively reduced multiple pregnancies produced by in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods Retrospective study of 6917 clinical pregnancies from IVF-ET cycles, including 754 multiple pregnancies divided into two groups according to the remaining fetus number: reduced singleton group (n=599) and reduced twin group (n=155); and maternal and neonatal outcomes of two groups were compared to primary singleton group (n=3589) and primary twin group (n=2574). Results The rate of pregnancy complication [9.85%(59/599) versus 6.21%(223/3589)], preterm birth [19.37%(116/599) versus 10.73%(385/3589)], low birth weight [9.71%(56/577) versus 4.57%(152/3324)], perinatal death [0.69%(4/577) versus 0.12%(4/3324)] and malformation [2.95%(17/577) versus 1.02%(34/3324)] in reduced singleton group were significantly higher than those in primary singleton group (all P<0.01). There were no significant differences between reduced twin group and primary twin group (all P>0.05). In reduced singleton group, birth defect rate was 2.95%, which was higher than those of the other three groups (P<0.05), in this group spontaneous pregnancy reduction accounted for 89.3%(535/599). Conclusions (1) The rate of pregnancy complication, preterm birth, low birth weight, perinatal death and malformation in reduced singleton group are still higher than primary singletons, suggesting embryo reduction only is a compensated method in multiple pregnancies. Limiting the number of embryos transferred is the essential solution. (2) The rate of birth defect in spontaneous pregnancy reduction group is higher, so prenatal examination should be reinforced in this group.

Objective To explore clinical practice value of Disease Severity Evaluation Scale (DSAS), and divide patient's nursing level according to the results of DSAS. Methods The assessment group was set up for evaluation of the scale, DSAS was used to determine the nursing level of 3 713 hospitalized patients (age > 18 years old) from 17 clinical departments, from April to May 2014. Results Nursing level determined by DSAS was compared with the standard nursing level, kappa coefficient was 0.72, P < 0.05, suggesting that the consistency was better. According to the kappa coefficient, 17 clinical departments could be divided into three categories, namely the applicability of DSAS were different in different departments. Conclusions DSAS can be used as a objective basis for division of nursing level and has a certain clinical significance. But in order to make it guide clinical work better, scoring system with department characteristic should be developed on the basis of DSAS.

This paper summarized nursing experience of 11 patients with refractory or relapsed neuroblastoma who developed CAR-T adverse reaction after receiving the transfusion.Nursing key points included:close monitoring of changes of vital signs,especially body temperature and blood pressure;observation of changes of skin,avoiding scratching when skin rash occurred,and daub calamine lotion was applied;strict recording input and output volume of 24 hours,ensuring patency of venous catheters and constant infusion of liquid,observing changes of urine volume and color;strengthening prevention of infection,strict operation of antiseptic technique,protective isolation when moving in laminar flow clean room;monitoring changes of face,breathing,blood oxygen and so on.Through careful treatment and nursing care,the treatment of children was ensured.

We developed a rehabilitation system by using the virtual reality technique and the Kinect in this paper. The system combines rehabilitation training with HMI and serious game organically, and provides a game and motion database to meet different patients' demands. Extended interface of game database is provided in two ways: personalized games can be developed by Virtools and Flash games which are suitable for patients' rehabilitation can be download from the Internet directly. In addition, the system provides patients with flexible interaction and easy control mode, and also presents real time data recording. An objective and subjective evaluation method is proposed to review the effectiveness of the rehabilitation training. According to the results of short questionnaires and the evaluation results of patients' rehabilitation training, the system compared with traditional rehabilitation can record and analyze the training data, which is useful to make rehabilitation plans. More entertainment and lower cost will increase patients' motivation, which helps to increase the rehabilitation effectiveness.
Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Internet ; Rehabilitation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Upper Extremity ; physiopathology ; User-Computer Interface ; Video Games