Objective:To study the functional status of the monocytes-derived dendritic cells (DCs) plused with HBsAg from patients with chronic hepatitis B and their capacity of inducing the HBV- special cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs),and explore a new method of inducing the special anti-HBV cell-mediated immunity.Methods:Monocytes of patients were isolated from peripheral blood and incubated with GM-CSF+IL-4+TNF-? to induce DCs generation. Those DCs were pulsed with HBsAg to induce HBV- special DCs. The phenotype of DCs including CD1a,CD80,CD83,CD86,CD40 and HLA-DR was characterized by FCM and the stimulating reaction of allogenic T lymphocytes was detected by MTT assay. The concentration of cytokines such as IL-12 and IL-6 in supernate was tested by ELISA and the cytotoxicity of CTLs inducing by the DCs against HepG2 2.2.15 cells,HepG2 cells and K562 cells were detected by LDH assay.Results:The expression of CD1a, CD80, CD83,CD86, CD40, HLA-DR molecules on the DCs pulsed with HBsAg was higher than those of the control group (P

Huoxue Tongmai Lishui method, a traditional Chinese medicine treatment for eliminating water, activating and promoting blood circulation, could inhibit fundus hemorrhage on experimental retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with high obvious effective rate, and improve symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine. The action mechanism may be related to reducing plasma viscosity and non-perfusion area, and the formation of collateral circulation.

Objective Acute respiratory dysfunction (ARD) can occur after aortic surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulation arrest, but relatively little is known about acute respiratory dysfunction in the patients with type A aortic dissection. This study aims to analyze the independent risk factors of acute respiratory dysfunction after A type aortic dissection surgery and to assess possible prevention and treatment option in the future. Methods Clinical data of the 252 patients including 193 male patients and 59 female patients who underwent type A aortic dissection surgery from February 2009 to October 2010 were collected. The mean age was 47 years. Postoperative acute respiratory dysfunction was defined as oxygenation impairment (PaO2/FiO2 ＜ 150) that occurred within 72 h of surgery except pleural effusion, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism and haemato-/ pneumothorax. There were 187 acute A type aortic dissection patients and 65 chronic type A aortic dissection patients. Clinical characteristics including age, gender, weight, height, history of hypertension, history of smoking, preoperative complications such as preoperative shock and acute renal failure, pericardial effusion, previous cardiac surgery, time from event to surgery, malperfusion syndrome, cardiopulmonary time, cross-clamp time,deep hypothermia circulation arrest time, surgical procedure, duration of intensive care unit stay and postoperative complications including tracheotomy, dialysis dependent renal failure and hospital mortality were gathered. Arterial blood analysis, chest X ray, ventilator parameters, number of blood transfusion and flood balance were assayed after operation. All the factors were evaluated by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify relative risk factors of ARD. Results Acute respiratory dysfunction occurred in 32 (12.7% ) patients. The in-hospital mortality was significant difference between acute respiratory dysfunction group and non- acute respiratory dysfunction group (P ＜ 0.05). The value of BMI, incidence of acute aortic dissection, preoperative SBP level, cardio-pulmonary bypass time, aortic clamp time and total arch replacement in acute respiratory dysfunction group were significantly higher than the values in non- acute respiratory dysfunction group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed blood transfusion more than 10 units and cardio-pulmonary bypass time more than 160 minutes were independent risk factors of early stage acute respiratory dysfunction after type A aortic dissection surgery.Conclusion Acute respiratory dysfunction after type A aortic dissection was a severe early stage postoperative complication and was associated with in-hospital mortality. The patients in acute aortic dissection were prone to have acute respiratory dysfunction. The independent risk factors of acute respiratory dysfunction included blood transfusion more than 10 units and cardio-pulmonary bypass time more than 160 minutes.

Diabetes is a kind of metabolic syndrome, always hap-pening in the case of insufficient secretion of insulin or insulin resistance, inducing the increase of blood glucose. While, dia-betic osteoporosis is a kind of chronic diabetic complications, which happens when insulin secretion is absolutely or relatively insufficient and then the insufficiency induces imbalance of hor-mone, calcium phosphorus metabolic disorders, thus leading to the decline of bone mineral density and change of bone micro-structure. The overnutrition, less exercise and the environment change lead to the increased incidence of diabetes. For all the diabetes, type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90%. Patients with type 2 diabetes show the increasing risk of fracture. This review summarizes the recent advances in the influence of type 2 diabe-tes on bones.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of gastric cancer with ovarian metastasis and to analyze the reasons for its misdiagnosis. Methods There were 52 cases of gastric cancer with ovarian metastasis who had pathologic diagnoses from Jan. 1990 to Jun. 2004, whose clinical datum, pathological classification and the reasons for misdiagnosis were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed. Results The average age of the patients was 40.15?1.28 ( the ages ranging from 22 to 64 ). These patients's first symptoms and signs often were a metastatic ovary cancer. The main ultrasonographic findings were either a complex type of mass with both solid and cystic characteristics or only solid one, most of which accompany hydroperitonia, and among them metastatic ovary tumors on both sides reached 76.9 %. The serum CA125 levels increased, amounting to ( 99.85?14.23)U/mL on the average. It was greatly lower than a primary ovarian cancer(P

Standardized residency training is a systematic, standardized and homogeneous project. With the continuously increasing requirements for fine management, the management of standardized residency training is facing enormous challenges, and the construction of management information system is imperative. This paper introduces the basic modules design and application experience of management information system for standardized residency training in training hospitals, aiming at improving work efficiency, standardizing process management and ensuring training quality.

Objective To evaluate the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) in the spinal cord in the maintenance of diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.Methods Pathogenfree male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2 months,weighing 180-220 g,were used in the study.Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) 60mg/kg and confirmed by blood glucose ＞ 16.7 mmol/L at 72 h after STZ injection.Twenty diabetic rats were randomly allocated to diabetic neuropathic pain group (DN group,n =10) and apocynin (specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor) group (A group,n =10).Another 10 agematched normal rats served as control group (C group,n =10).Twenty-eight days after STZ injection,apyconin 5 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in A group.Paw withdrawal threshold to yon Frey filament stimulation (PWT) was measured before STZ injection (T1) and at 7,14,21,28 and 35 days after STZ injection (T2-6).The rats were sacrificed after PWT was measured at T6 and L4.5 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91phox and p47phox expression,MAD content and SOD activity.Results Compared with C group,PWT was significantly decreased at T3-5,gp91phox and p47phox expression was up-regulated,MAD content was increased,and SOD activity was decreased in DN and A groups.Compared with DN group,PWT was significantly increased at T6,gp91phox and p47phox expression was downregulated,MAD content was decreased,and SOD activity was increased in A group.Conclusion NADPH oxidase in the spinal cord is involved in the maintenance of diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.

ObjectiveTo develop an antibody-array system for multiple detection of antibodies against Japanese B encephalitis virus (JEV),Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBV),Dengue virus ( DENV ),West Nile virus (WNV),Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) and East Equine encephalitis virus (EEEV).MethodsRecombined antigens were spotted on array as capture antigens.Specific antibodies were detected by using a sandwich ELISA format.Rabbit antiserum was employed to select and confirm the specificity of antigens and to optimize the conditions of the assay.The detection efficiency of the system was validated by 40 clinical suspected serum samples and compared with the relative ELISA assays.ResultsEleven recombined antigens were selected as diagnostic antigens with high specificity.Better detection could be achieved when scale of antigen concentrations were within 0.125-0.900 mg/ml and the serum dilutions were 1:100-1:1000.When detecting the 26 clinical suspected TBE serum samples,20 were IgG positive (76.9％),and 17 were IgM positive (65.3％) which was 96.1％ and 84.6％ consistent with the relevant ELLSA tests,the 8 clinical suspected JEV serum samples,4 were IgG positive (50.0％),and 5 were IgM positive (62.0％),which was 86.3％ and 90.1％ consistent with the relevant ELLSA tests.As for the 22 DEN serum samples,13 were IgG positive (60％) and 15 were IgM positive (68％) which was 85％ and 93％ consistent with ELISA.The specificity of the assay was 100％ and the sensitivity was higher than the relative ELISAs.ConclusionThe developed antibody-array is highly specific and reliable,which could be used for the detection of antibodies against the 6 arboviruses.

Objective To explore the optimal surgical treatment strategy of advanced gallbladder carcinoma (Nevin Ⅲ - Ⅴ ), with an aim to prolong patients' overall survival. Methods 17 patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma were reviewed. Their preoperative diagnosis, surgical treatment, complications and survival time were studied. Results The diagnosis of advanced gallbladder carcinoma was done using different medical imaging techniques, but incorrect diagnosis still happened. There is a wide range of surgical treatment for advanced gallbladder carcinoma. Controversy still exists as whether lymph node resection should be done. In our patients, 35.3% of the 13a lymph nodes and 23. 5% of the 8 lymph nodes were positive for metastasis, which showed that lymph node resection should be carried out. Extended surgery was sometime required to ensure a R0 resection.The main complications of surgery were intraabdominal infection, bile leakage and paralytic ileus.Conclusion An aggressive surgical approach for advanced gallbladder carcinoma is required to ensure a R0 resection, which contributed to better overall survival.

Background and purpose:Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in women and its malignant proliferation is the major cause of death. To investigate the effects of N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) on proliferation of breast cancer cells by using two parallel cell lines (MCF-7 and LM-MCF-7) with different metastatic abilities.Methods:The expression level of NDRG2 in breast cancer cells was detected by Western blot. The effects of overexpressing (or down-regulating) NDRG2 on proliferation of breast cancer cells were investigat-ed by lfow cytometry. The expression and location of β-catenin were detected by Western blot and immunolfuorescence respectively. NDRG2 blocking the transcription activity of β-catenin was investigated via co-transfecting MCF-7 cells with NDRG2 siRNA and pCMV-Tcfδ (lacking the portion responsible for the protein binding to DNA).Results:The expression level of NDRG2 was negatively related to the proliferation ability of breast cancer cells. Over-expressing NDRG2 (or down-regulating) via transfecting LM-MCF-7 (or MCF-7) cells with pCMV-NDRG2 (or NDRG2 siRNA) could inhibit (or promote) cell proliferation. Interestingly, the results of Western blot, immunolfuorescence and lfow cytometry revealed that down-regulation of NDRG2 resulted from the down-regulation of β-catenin and blocking its nuclear translocation, which led to losing control of the proliferation of breast cancer cells.Conclusion:NDRG2 inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells via down-regulating the expression of β-catenin and blocking its nuclear translo-cation, which is signiifcant for exploring the molecular mechanism of proliferation of breast cancer cells.