Objective To review the advantages and disadvantages of common attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) animal models,published in 2000-2014 at home and abroad,with an attempt to provide new ideas for the future study of the pathogenesis in ADHD.Methods Major online database including CNKI,Wan Fang databases,OVID,Pubmed databases were searched in January 2015,using the key wordsattention deficit hyperactivity disorder, animal modelsand so on,to analysis the advantages and disadvantages of each type of experimental animal models and research value in ADHD.Results Totally 29 studies were enrolled,and the analysis show that the current commonly used experimental animal models of ADHD are spontaneously hypertensive rats,dopamine transporter gene knockout mice,lack of mutant mice model,neonatal 6 hydroxy dopamine damage of juvenile rat model,neonatal hypoxic rats model,X-ray irradiation injury model of rat hippocampus and other brain tissue damage model and isolated feeding model,and each animal model has the advantages,disadvantages and special research value of the pathogenesis of ADHD.Conclusion The specific pathogenesis of ADHD is unclear,but the neuroendocrine changes especially HPA axis attracted much attention in recent years.this paper summarizes the research at home and abroad comparison of several common animal models of ADHD.neuroendocrine changes in SHR and ADHD children have a certain degree of consistency in HPA axis,looking for ADHD children and SHR in neuroendocrine aspects of consistency is likely to open a new path to search the pathogenesis in ADHD.

Thirty percent TBSA full thickness burns due to napalm was inflicted to the rats and the pathological changes of the thyroid were studied under optical and electron microscopy and with peroxidase histochemistry for 15 days. The alterations of serum T3 and T4 levels accompaniying the pathological changes were also observed dynamically.It was found that the pathological changes of the thyroid could be distinguished into three phases as follows.1. The phase of injury inhibition. This phase existed from the 2nd to the 24th hour postburn and was characterized by marked damage on the follicular epithelium.2. The phase of structural and functional recovery. This phase entended from the 3rd to the 6th day postburn. In this phase, the damages on the thyroid became abated and its damaged structure showed a tendency to recover.3. The phase of active function. It extended from the 10th to the 15th day postburn. The organelles to synthesize and release thyroid hormone were fonud well developed.The alteration of T4 run parallelly to the pathological changes of the thyroid in all the stages, while T3 level was continously inhibited because of the lower serum concentration of T4, the metabolic disturbance of T4 deiodination, and the inhibition of thyroid secretion in the early postburn stage and the metabolic disturbance of T4 deiodination in the middle and late postburn stages. In the early postburn stage, the inhibition of thyroid peroxidase was an important factor of functional inhibition of the thyroid.

Objective To investigate the correlation between NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox C242T polymorphism and carotid atherosclerosis(CA)in Chinese population.Methods 138 patients with CA and 130 control subjects were recruited.C242T polymorphism of p22 phox was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)for determination of its genotype. Results The CT genotype frequencies in the CA group and control group were 0.268 and 0.139, respectively,and no TF genotype was found.The CT genotype frequency of the CA group was significantly higher than that of the control group(X2=6.899,P=0.009).It was found that systolic blood pressure, blood glucose,low density lipoprotein cholesterol smoking and the NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox C242T polymorphism were independent risk factors for CA by Logistic regression analysis.Conclusions The NAD(P)H oxidase p22 phox C242T polymorphism may be a risk factor for CA.

Objective To investigate the relationship between different genotype infection and multiple infection of human papil‐lomavirus(HPV) with cervical lesions among the women in Northeast region of Sichuan province .Methods The cervical exfoliated cells in 213 women with HPV infection were performed the HPV genetype detection by the gene chip technique and the cervical le‐sion degree was also detected .Results 213 cases of cervial lesion with positive HPV infection were divided into five groups accord‐ing to pathological examination results :chronic inflammation(110 cases) ,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) Ⅰ (21 cases) ,CINⅡ (26 cases ) ,CIN Ⅲ (28 cases ) and cervical cancer (28 cases) .The high risk HPV infection was dominated by the genotype HPV16 ,58 ,33 ,18 and the low risk HPV infection was dominated by the HPV genotype 11 ,6 .The HPV genotype HPV11/6/16 , HPV16/33 ,HPV16/6 ,HPV16/58 and HPV16/18 infection were most common in the chronic cervial inflammation ,CIN Ⅰ ,CINⅡ ,CIN Ⅲ and cervical cancer groups .The constituent ratio of different cervical lesions had statistical difference between the simple high risk HPV infection group and the low risk HPV infection group (χ2 = 41 .01 ,P< 0 .01) .The simple genotyps and the mixed genotype HPV infection had no influence on the cervical lesion degree(χ2 = 5 .74 ,P> 0 .05) .Conclusion HPV 16 ,58 ,33 ,18 are the main high risk HPV genotypes among women in the northeast region of Sichuan province ,HPV 16 is significantly related with the cervial lesion degree ;multiple HPV genotype infection does not promote the progress of cervical lesion .

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of hypertension ,overweight ,obesity and obesity/overweight ,thus to explore the relationship between hypertension and sleeping time .Methods Healthy individuals having physical examinations in Health Management Center of Southwest Hospital were randomly selected to take questionnaire and physical examination ,and then we analyzed the correction relationship of hypertension and sleeping time .Results The prevalence of overweigh ,obesity ,hyperten‐sion and perhypertension was 36 .68% ,11 .36% ,22 .14% and 33 .43% respectively .The prevalence rate of hypertension for men was 2 fold as that of women .There was a negative correlation between hypertension and sleeping time .The prevalence of stage 2 hypertension tended to U.People who sleep time less than 5 h have more risk for Isolated systolic hypertension than who sleeping 6 h .Conclusion There is a high risk of hypertension and stage 2 and stage 3 hypertention for people whose sleep time less than 5 h or more than 10 h .

The tumorigenesis of breast cancer is a multistep process with many factors.The microRNAs (miRNA) participates in the development and distance metastasis of tumor by regulating proliferation,apoptosis and migration of tumor cells.The study of the mechanisms that miRNA impacting breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis may provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

This study explored the current problems regarding post-doctoral scientific research station including rigid system,low fund coverage,uncooperative team,lack of innovation and independent research capacities etc.To address above-mentioned problems,the assessment process of admission to the research station should be defined,multidisciplinary academic exchanges enhanced,evaluation and incentive mechanism developed,reasonable restraint mechanism for supervisors established,and self-management of the students carried out and practical funding projects supplemented,thus cultivating a team of high-level medical talents to lead the disciplinary development.

0.05). Compared with the control group,the OD values in the experimental groups were lower in doses of 5.0,10.0,20.0 ?g/ml,the differences were significant (P

Addiction is gaining recognition as a leading cause of death, morbility and lost productivity. The urgent clinical and social need to do something about addiction promotes the development of addciton research. This paper reviews the main advances in this area in the latest thirty years, ranging from the initial targets of the major drugs of abuse, to the cAMP pathway in opiate tolerence and dependence and molecular and cellular mechanisms of addiction in VTA-NAc pathway.

BACKGROUND: Abnormal hematopoietic microenvironment is an important factor causing dyshematopoiesis. However, no consensus has been reached on the sensitivity of hematopoietic stromal cells to irradiation.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) cycle and DNA content during the early stage of irradiation damage in mice, so as to further understand dyshematopoiesis due to radiation and provide scientific basis to avoid deleterious factors in hematopoietic environment.DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping and randomized controlled study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Central laboratory of altitude military affairs medical department and altitude research institute of preventive medicine department, a military medical university of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at the Experimental Animal Center of Third Military Medical University between October 2002 and April 2003. A total of 60 healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into irradiation damage group and healthy control group, each having 30 mice.METHODS: The 30 mice in irradiation damage group were exposed to 60Co-γ of irradiation at a dose rate of 1.27 Gy/minutes within a distance of 4 m. Then the mice' marrow cells were harvested at day 3 and day 7 after irradiation, and were cultured in vitro for 14 days and 21 days for observation. Meanwhile the other 30 healthy mice unexposed to irradiation were considered as normal controls.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Post-radiation number of MSCs colonies,cell cycle and DNA content.RESULTS: Although MSCs could grow and be adhered to walls after being exposed to irradiation of 5.0 Gy/s, the number of MSCs colonies was found significantly decreased compared to that of rnormal control group( P < 0.01 ).The colony number of the MSCs irradiated for 7 days obviously increased than that of MSCs irradiated for 3 days; however, MSCs recovered slowly and resulted in prolonged culture time, indicating the inhibited proliferation of MSCs due to irradiation damage. Results of flow cytometry showed that cells in G2+ M phase(2.60±0.41, 4.20±1.27) and DNA content (58.40±0.79,61.17 ± 1.35) in irradiation groups after 3-day and 7-day irradiation were obviously lower than those of normal control group(12.60 ±0. 75, 78.57±0. 83)(P <0.05-0.01).CONCLUSION: MSCs have relatively high sensitivity to irradiation damage and longer persisting period.