To evaluate the effects of recombinant human stem cell factor on mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells, 30 monkeys were divided into control, rhG CSF 10?g?kg -1 ?d -1 (?KD), rhSCF 50?KD, rhG CSF 10?KD+rhSCF 20?KD, rhG CSF 10?KD+rhSCF 50?KD and rhG CSF 10?KD+rhSCF 125?KD groups. The monkeys were given subcutaneous injections of rhSCF for 8 days and/or rhG CSF for 5 days. The highest value of leukocyte in rhG CSF and rhSCF groups was 206% and 200% respectively, and that of rhG CSF+rhSCF groups was 280% to 310%. CFU GM of peripheral blood was up to 1 1, 1 3 and 5 8～7 9 times respectively after the mobilization. CD34 positive cell number of joint mobilization group was 20, 24 and 35 times respectively of that before mobilization. rhSCF can mobilize the effect of peripheral blood stem cells, and the effect of joint rhSCF+rhG CSF is better.