In medical education,the application of discussion of teaching reform can enhance medical students'interest in learning,stimulate their innovative thinking,develop their clinical thinking and critical thinking.improve their psychological quality and language skills and improve knowledge and comprehensive quality of teachers as well.

This article compares the methods which assess clinical communication skills home and abroad,and expresses the essential of the evaluation reform of our undergraduate medical students'clinical communication skills.

Objective To establish an animal model to investigate the effects of prolonged vaginal distension on the leak-point pressure(LPP) and urethral anatomy.Methods Eighteen virgin female rats were randomly divided into control group(6 rats) and experimental group(12 rats).In the experimental group,the rats were underwent vaginal distension for 4 h. The rats in the control group were not received vaginal distension.The greatest bladder volume and LPP were measured,and sneeze test was performed for all rats in two groups 4 weeks after distension.All the rats were killed after the test and the bladder and urethra were harvested for histological study.Results The greatest bladder volume and LPP were significantly decreased than those of control group.Stress urinary incontinence(SUI) was occurred in 45.5% rats of the experiment group,but none in control group.Histological studies showed that the urethral striated and smooth muscle became thin,but the collagenic tissue was increased.There was no change in control group.Conclusion Prolonged vaginal distension can cause SUI and it is a desirable animal model for studying the mechanism and treatment of SUI.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of survivin and PTEN in bladder transitional cell carcinoma(TCC).Methods The expression of survivin and PTEN was studied by S-P immunohistochemisty in 10 cases of normal urinary bladder tissues and 62 cases of the bladder TCC. Results All the normal urinary bladder tissues showed positive staining pattern of PTEN protein, negative staining pattern of survivin protein, positive rate of PTEN in 62 cases of the bladder TCC is 46.8%,the difference of positive rate between grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅲ was significant(P＜0.05),the difference of positive rate between Tis～T_1 and T_2～T_4 showed a trend of decreasing, but there was no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05);positive rate of survivin in 62 cases of the bladder TCC is 56.5%,the difference of positive rate between grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅲ was significant(P＜0.05),the difference of positive rate between Tis～T_1 and T_2～T_4 was significant too(P＜0.05).The expression of PTEN protein and survivin protein was reversely correlated(P＜0.05).Conclusion The abnormal expression of PTEN protein and survivin protein play an important role in the occurrence and progress of the bladder TCC.It can be regarded as a useful diagnostic marker in the bladder TCC.

Aiming at building research disciplines,Xijing hospital has initially achieved a strategic transformation into a hospital with research disciplines,with such measures as scientific layout of disciplines,making of advantageous disciplines with overseas benchmarks,encouragement of potential disciplines with advantageous disciplines,promotion of medical innovation with innovative ideas,and upgrading clinical service quality with technical innovation.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, which seriously threatens human health. In recent years, many studies have found that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is positively related to the occurrence of CRC. In the process of CRC carcinogenesis, Fn can play an important role by inducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and triggering chronic inflammation, inhibiting the function of immune cells, inducing chemotherapy resistance, promoting the expressions of tumor genes and microRNAs and regulating glycolysis.

Objective:The study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and the associated mechanisms in a post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)model induced by transient foot shock.Methods:Thirty-five male C57BL/6J mice(8 weeks old)were randomly divided into three groups:Control group,PTSD group,and Exe+PTSD group.PTSD model mice were established by foot-shock and PTSD behaviors were assessed using a fear conditioning box.Iron distribution areas were detected by Fe3+staining.Western Blot analysis were performed to determine the expression level of ferroptosis-related proteins in the mice.Results:Compared to the control group,the freezing time and Fe3+distribution areas in the cortex and hippocampus were significantly increased in the mice with PTSD(P＜0.05).The levels of ferroportin1(FPN1),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)proteins were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the expression of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)protein was significantly elevated(P＜0.05).Exercise significantly reduced freezing time and Fe3+accumulation in the cortex and hippocampus(P＜0.05),and it also up-regulated the expression of FPN1,GPX4,and BDNF proteins(P＜0.05),while down-regulating HMGB1 expression compared to the PTSD group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that PTSD induces the ferroptosis-related pathway in mice,and exercise can inhibit iron accumulation and reverse the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins induced by PTSD,there-by alleviating PTSD-like behavior in mice.