Objective To evaluate the pattern of development of fetal cerebral sulei by prenatal ultrasound and its clinical significance. Methods Sixty hundred and ninety-two fetuses at age from 17 to 40 weeks were observed for the development and depth of cerebral sulci (parietal-occipital sulcus, calcarine suleus, central sulcus, eingulate sulcus, cingulate gyrus, and sylvian fissure) by transabdominal ultrasonography. Results Parietal-occipital sulcus,calcarine sulcus,and sylvian fissure were visible at about 19 weeks of gestation, central sulcus was at about 25 weeks, cingulate sulcus and cingulate gyrus were at about 26 weeks. One case of them was considered as cerebral sulei growth retardation due to the signs of invisible parietal-occipital sulcus and sylvian fissure at 24 weeks of gestation. Two cases were considered as cerebral sulci growth retardation due to the signs of invisible parietal occipital sulcus and central sulcus and the shallow blunt shape of sylvian fissure at 29 weeks of gestation. There were positive correlations between the depths of fetal cerebral sulci and gestational weeks, and negative correlations between their relative depths and gestational weeks(all P <0.05), Conclusions Transabdominal ultrasonography can be use to observe the development of fetal cerebral sulci (parietal-occipital sulcus, calcarine sulcus, central sulcus, eingulate sulcus,cingulate gyrus,and sylvian fissure). The depth of cerebral sulci is relative to gestational weeks,and would be considered for prenatal assessment of cerebral sulci maldevelopment, such as cerebral sulci growth retardation and lissencephalia.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and value of bronchoscopy combined with normal treatment for postoperative complications-atelectasis and pneumonia. Method A systematic search in PubMed, CNKI, WANFANG was performed using “bronchoscopy” crossed with “atelectasis”, “pneumonia”. All the randomized controlled trials (RCT) on bronchoscopy used for postoperative complications were collected, which contain atelectasis or pneumonia. Meta-analysis was handled by RevMan 5.3. Result A total of 543 clients included in 8 studies, There were statistically significant differences in development of postoperative pulmonary complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia treated with normal treatment or ifbrotic bronchoscopy additionally [OR^ =3.80, 95%CI (2.24, 6.45), P=0.000]. Conclusion Bronchoscopy combined with normal treatment is more effective and useful than normal treatment in postoperative complications-atelectasis and pneumonia.

Objective To establish an animal model to investigate the effects of prolonged vaginal distension on the leak-point pressure(LPP) and urethral anatomy.Methods Eighteen virgin female rats were randomly divided into control group(6 rats) and experimental group(12 rats).In the experimental group,the rats were underwent vaginal distension for 4 h. The rats in the control group were not received vaginal distension.The greatest bladder volume and LPP were measured,and sneeze test was performed for all rats in two groups 4 weeks after distension.All the rats were killed after the test and the bladder and urethra were harvested for histological study.Results The greatest bladder volume and LPP were significantly decreased than those of control group.Stress urinary incontinence(SUI) was occurred in 45.5% rats of the experiment group,but none in control group.Histological studies showed that the urethral striated and smooth muscle became thin,but the collagenic tissue was increased.There was no change in control group.Conclusion Prolonged vaginal distension can cause SUI and it is a desirable animal model for studying the mechanism and treatment of SUI.

Objective To analyze Blimp1 expression difference in the latent and active of tuberculosis patients and the healthy , and assess possibility of as the new tuberculosis diagnostics molecules .Methods 60 patients with active TB (active tuberculosis group) ,50 participants with latent(latent tuberculosis group) ,and 50 healthy people(control group) were enrolled separately .Using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to determin Blimp 1 mRNA expression in the peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells .Results Blimp1 mRNA expression level of the active tuberculosis group was 15 .35 times than the control group ,and 2 .21 times than the latent tuberculosis group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Blimp1 gene proba-bly plays a role in the immune response to tuberculosis .it provides new ideas for the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis and new clues for further exploring the pathogenesis mechanism of tuberculosis .

Objective: To observe the effects of manganese( Ⅲ ) meso-tetrakis (N, N'-diethylimidazolium-2-yl) porphyrin (MnTDM) in treatment of early Parkinson's disease(PD) mouse model induced by subcutaneous injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) and to discuss its possible mechanism. Methods:Forty male C57BL/6 mice were evenly randomized into 4 groups: MPTP model group(subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg MPTP for 3 days), MnTDM+ MPTP group (15 mg/kg MnTDM was subcutaneously injected 1 h before MPTP injection), MnTDM control group, and normal saline group. Performance of animals in the pole and swimming test was observed 3 days after the last injection. Levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites(3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid [DOPAC] and homovanillic acid [HVA]) in the striatum of animals were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD). Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method was used to examine the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA). Results: Acute injection of MPTP could be used for establishment of PD model. The striatal levels of DA, DOPAC and HVA in MPTP group were significantly lower(P＜0.01)and the striatal level of MDA was significantly higher(P＜0.05) than those of the control group. MPTP had no obvious effect on the behavioral performance of the animals in a short term. MnTDM could partly inhibit the above effects of MPTP. Compared with MPTP group, MnTDM+ MPTP group had significantly higher DA, DOPAC, and HVA levels and significantly lower MDA level(all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the behavioral indices of animals between the 4 groups. Conclusion:MnTDM can inhibit lipid peroxidation and promote DA production; it has preventive and therapeutic effects on MPTP induced PD.

Thymopentin (TP5) and bursopentin (BP5) are both immunopotentiators. To explore whether the TP5-BP5 fusion peptide (TBP5) has adjuvant activity or not, we cloned the TBP5 gene and confirmed that the TBP5 gene in a recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. TBP5 significantly promoted the proliferation of thymic and splenic lymphocytes of mice. The potential adjuvant activity of the TBP5 was examined in mice by coinjecting TBP5 and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) inactivated vaccine. HI antibody titers, HA antibodies and cytokines levels (IL-4 and IFN-γ) were determined. We found that TBP5 markedly elevated serum HI titers and HA antibody levels, induced the secretion of both IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines. Furthermore, virus challenge experiments confirmed that TBP5 contributed to inhibition replication of the virus [H9N2 AIV (A/chicken/Jiangsu/NJ07/05)] from mouse lungs. Altogether, these findings suggest that TBP5 may be an effective adjuvant for avian vaccine and that this study provides a reference for further research on new vaccine adjuvants.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ; drug effects ; physiology ; Influenza Vaccines ; immunology ; Interferon-gamma ; immunology ; Interleukin-4 ; immunology ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Mice ; Oligopeptides ; immunology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; drug therapy ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; Spleen ; cytology ; Thymopentin ; immunology ; Thymus Gland ; cytology ; Vaccines, Inactivated ; immunology ; Virus Replication

The composition of S95-100 field mobile medical system was introduced, and some practices were summarized such as rational grouping, enhanced organization, proper allocation and etc. The problems of the system were analyzed from three aspects of the fixation of the internal devices, the rapid deployment in the plateau and maintenance in field conditions, and some measures were put forward to improve the medical support ability of the system in the plateau.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of survivin and PTEN in bladder transitional cell carcinoma(TCC).Methods The expression of survivin and PTEN was studied by S-P immunohistochemisty in 10 cases of normal urinary bladder tissues and 62 cases of the bladder TCC. Results All the normal urinary bladder tissues showed positive staining pattern of PTEN protein, negative staining pattern of survivin protein, positive rate of PTEN in 62 cases of the bladder TCC is 46.8%,the difference of positive rate between grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅲ was significant(P＜0.05),the difference of positive rate between Tis～T_1 and T_2～T_4 showed a trend of decreasing, but there was no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05);positive rate of survivin in 62 cases of the bladder TCC is 56.5%,the difference of positive rate between grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅲ was significant(P＜0.05),the difference of positive rate between Tis～T_1 and T_2～T_4 was significant too(P＜0.05).The expression of PTEN protein and survivin protein was reversely correlated(P＜0.05).Conclusion The abnormal expression of PTEN protein and survivin protein play an important role in the occurrence and progress of the bladder TCC.It can be regarded as a useful diagnostic marker in the bladder TCC.

Objective To explore the safty and feasibility of transrectal ultrasound guided transperineal seminal vesicle biopsy in the evaluation of clinical staging of prostate cancer.Methods Retrospectively study 57 suspected prostate cancer patients with seminal abnormality during 2010.7-2015.1,age ranged from 50 to 78 years,average 65 ±7 years,serum total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) 3.2-131.1 μg/L, average (23.7 ± 11.3) μg/L.Twenty-two cases had palpable prostate nodules through rectal examination.All the 57 patients underwent ultrasound and template guided transperineal prostate and seminal vesicle puncture biopsies.Results Forty-four cases out of 57 found prostate cancer cells in biopsies, and 32 cases had seminal vesicle invasion (positive group) while the other 12 were negative.Twenty cases had been performed prostatectomy in the positive group and their post-operative pathological examination all showed prostate cancer with seminal vesicle invasion.Eleven cases in the negative group had been performed prostatectomy ,and 2 cases showed seminal vesicle invasion.The clinical stages of all cases in the positive group were considered as T3b both pre-operatively and post-operatively.In the negative group however, 11 cases were considered as T2 stage pre-operatively,while 2 cases were increased to T3b stage post-operatively.The sensitivity of puncturing seminal vesicle was 91％ (20/22) ,specificity was 100.0％ (9/9).Positive predictive value was 100.0％ (20/20),while negative predictive value was 82％ (9/11).All the 57 cases did not present fever after puncture biopsies, while 23 cases presented hematuria (40％) ,20 cases presented hemospermia (35％) and 1 case presented urinary retention (2％).Conclusions Transrectal ultrasound-guided transperinealseminal vesicle puncture is safe and reliable, it helps to improve the accuracy of pre-operative staging.

Objective To establish normative data for the fetal cisterna magna septa (CMS) at various gestational age,and to evaluate its clinical significance.Methods A total of consecutive fetal between 14 and 40 gestational week(GW) were included in this prospective study.The length and width of CMS were measured by two-dimensional ultrasonography.Regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the width and length of the fetal cisterna magna septa and gestational age.Twenty-five case of fetuses with the absence of CMS and 12 case of fetuses with the enlargement of CMS were retrospectively analyzed in the past six years in our hospital.Results ①The fetal CMS length and width increased gradually between 14 and 22 GW,then plateaued between 23 GW and 36 GW,and decreased after 37 GW.This ultrasonographic pattern was in agreement with normal development of rhombencephalon.②The absence of CMS in the fetuses were common in Dandy-Walker syndrome,holoprosencephaly,severe hydrocephalus,neural tube defects,rhombencephalon synapsis and Arnold-Chiari malformation.The enlargement of CMS in the fetuses may be shown in physiologic enlargement of posterior fossa.ConclusionsCMS is a potential new marker for normal development of rhombencephalon.The enlargement and absence of CMS are related to various malformations of central neural system,especially in the abnormalities of posterior fossa.