Berberine is a taste of traditional Chinese medicine.With the progress of research on pharmacology and mechanism of drug action of extensive research,the new mechanism of berberine was revealed through a series of clinical trials,the clinical indications continue to expand,and berberine has a therapeutic effect in digestive and endocrine system disease.The current study confirmed that berberine not only has the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity,but also plays a strong anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory role,which makes more and more research began to concern its application value in the diseases of respiratory system.The strong anti-inflammatory effect of berberine cau effectively relieve the airway inflammation of patients who are suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary,and the broad-spectrum antibacterial effect brought hope for the treatment of tuberculosis and pneumonia.The subsequent animal and clinical studies have confirmed that berberine can effectively improve the symptoms of respiratory system diseases,and play a role in the treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of different anesthesia methods on perioperative body temperature. Methods Eighty patients undergoing esophagus cancer resection were randomized into two groups of combined general and epidural anesthesia(GEA, group A,42 cases) and general anesthesia(GA, group B, 38 cases). Epipharynx and peripheral temperatures were recorded at the same time every 30 minutes for 3 hours after induction. Epipharynx temperature was recorded than after when circulating water mattresses and fluid warming were used to rewarming. The incidence of postoperative shivering was recorded. Results The peripheral temperature was gradually decreased after induction in both groups. The core temperature was decreased quickly within the first 1 hour in both groups, which was reduced slowly within the next two hours with a greater magnitude of temperature reduction in group A than that in group B(P<0.05). The incidence of shivering was higher in group A than that in group B during warming up. Conclusion The patients undergoing long procedures such as esophagus cancer recection under GEA is at more risk for hypothermia than those under GA.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of shuangbai tincture.METHODS:The rhubarb and cortex phellodendri in shuangbai tincture were identified qualitatively by TLC.The content of emodin in this preparation was deter-mined by HPLC.RESULTS:In the TLC of the testing samples,the corresponding positions of standard rhubarb and standard cortex phellodendri respectively showed the same color of speckles.The linear range of emodin was0.1176?g～2.3520?g(r=0.9994)and the average recovery was98.81%(RSD=0.45%).CONCLUSIONS:This method is simple,accurate and repro-ducible,and suitable for the quality control of shuangbai tincture.

Dendritic cells(DCs) are known as the most efficient antigen-presenting cells that are potent stimulators of both B and T cell immune responses.The biological characteristics and culture in vitro of DCs,preparation of DC vaccines,experimental and clinical studies in tumor immunotherapy by DC vaccines are reviewed in this article.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic potential of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Schwann cells(SCs) in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) and assess the effect and mechanism.Methods EAN model was established by immunization of Lewis rats with 400 μg of specific peptide P2(57-81)and complete Freund adjuvant.In the therapy group,the SCs (n =28) and the combination of BDNF administration and SCs (n =48) were labeled by the nuclear fluorescent dye injected into the intracerebroventricularly in 14 d after immunization.Transplanted cell migration tracking respectively were at 25,35 and 45 days after immunization.The rats were observed for signs of disease daily and subjected to clinical score,of which the sciatic nerves were subjected to histopathological examination (hematoxylin eosinstaining,luxol-fast-green and immunohistochemical staining).The inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination were assessed,and the CD4,CD8,CD68,S-100 and nerve growth factor (NGF) positive cells numbers were compared among the 3 different groups.Results AIl the rats had the neurological deficits.Compared with control group,there were no significant differences in SCs therapy group.In SCs + BDNF therapy group,the recovery of paralytic symptom was faster and the score was lower after immunization 45 d.After immunization 25 and 35 days,both the inflammatory cells infiltration (EAN model group:325.8 ±10.8,221.4 ± 35.2;SCs + BDNF transplantation group:307.3 ±4.6,197.2 ± 16.8; t =2.172,P =0.031 ;t=3.756,P=0.000) and the expression of CD4+,CD8+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages were reduced.After immunization 35,45 days,the demyelination degree (EAN model group:3.4 ± 0.5,2.9 ± 0.8 ; SCs +BDNF transplantation group:2.9 ±0.8,2.3 ±0.5) was reduced (t =-7.408,P =0.000;t =-6.092,P =0.000),the expression of S-100 is higher,and NGF was lower than the control group in each time point after immunization.Conclusions SCs transplanted into the cerebellar ventricle of animals can migrate into the sciatic nerve.The combination of BDNF administration and SCs transplantation may represent an effective strategy by reducing inflammation reaction,improving the expression of S-100 in the donor cell,and reducing NGF irritability heighten in sciatic nerve.However,delivery of SCs alone is inefficiency to the treatment of EAN.

The value of dobutamine 99m橳c-MIBI SPECT (DBA-SPECT) for detecting coronary artery disease was assessed in 56 patients with chest pain. Exercise ECG, DBA-ECG and DBA-SPECT were obtained. The hemodynamic changes in DBA infusion are similar to that in exercise test. In 21 patients who had coronary angiogram,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 87. 5% ,76. 9% ,81. 7% ,respectively in DBA-SPECT;75. 0%, 92. 3%, 85. 0%, respectively in DBA-ECG,and 87. 5%,46. 2% ,61.9% ,respectively in exercise ECG test. The results showed that DBA-SPECT is a feasible safe and non-invasive method for detecting coronary artery disease.

Calmodulin(CaM),as major intracellular Ca 2+ signal transductor,is a ubiquitous, multifunctional protein in eukaryotic cells,invovled in a wide variety of cellular processes . Study of the structure and molecular recognition mechanism of CaM helps better understanding intracellular Ca 2+ signaling system and molecular recognition of protein-protein interaction,giving new insight into medicine development and clinical therapy. This paper reviews progress in the studies of molecular recognition of calmodulin in recent past years.

The spinal dural arteriovenous fistula is a common vascular malformation with unclear etiology and unspecific clinical presentations.An early diagnosis is important for the treatment,therefore the authors reviewed and comprehanded the pathology,diagnosis and treatment of this AVM.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs in our hospital in order to provide an reference for rational use of drugs in clinic. METHODS: DDDs, sales volume, and daily expenses of drugs in our hospital from 2001to 2003 were analyzed with the method of DDD analysis. RESULTS: The varieties, quantities and sales volumes of oral hypoglycemic drugs increased year by year. The top 3 hypoglycemic drugs in respect of DDDs were dimethylbigmide, gliclazide, and glipizide. The top 3 hypoglycemic drugs in respect of sales volume were glipizide, acarbose, and dimethylbimide. The ratio of sales volume sequencing to that of DDDs was between 0.2～4. CONCLUSIONS: Gliclazide and dimethylbimide are most widely used and their prices are reasonable; Acarbose is expensive, and its sales volume has not grown in pace with DDDs.

Objective To explore the effects of different initial treatment protocols on the prognosis of pneumonia in the kidney transplant recipients. Methods Sixty-seven cases of pneumonia following kidney transplantation were divided into case group (34 cases) and control group (33 cases).The patients in case group were treated with Imipenem and Cilastatin, SMX/TMP and ganciclovir,and those in control group received routine treatments. Mortality and length of stay in hospital (LOS)were analyzed. Results Mortality (5.9 % ) and LOS (15 days) in case group were reduced as compared with those in control group ( 18. 2 %, 23 days, respectively) (P＜ 0. 05). Among the patients without severe pneumonia, the mortality and incidence of LOS beyond 21 days in case group (3. 4 %, 1/29; 3. 4 %, 1/29) were lower than those in control group (17. 2 %, 5/29; 37. 9 %, 11/29, respectively) (P＜0. 05). Whether the patients were admitted to hospital sooner or later, the incidence of LOS beyond 21 days in case group was lower than that in control group (P＜0. 05).Whether the etiologies were determined or undetermined, the incidence of LOS beyond 21 days in case group was lower than that in control group (P＜0. 05). The incidence of LOS beyond 21 days in case group was lower than that in control group among the patients with cardiopulmonary disease (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The initial appropriate treatment would improve the prognosis of pneumonia in the kidney transplant recipients.