The source, super-antioxidant activity, biological safety and application in medicine, health food and animal feed industry of natural astaxanthin are reviewed in present paper. The industrialization prospect of astaxanthin in China is also proposed.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality in China.Invasion and metastasis of carcinotissue is one of the main reasons for the death of patients with gastric cancer.The mechanism of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis is very complicated,containing several immunomolecules and genes.Up-or down-regulated expression of these molecules in gastric cancer invasion and metastasis means that these immunomolecules and genes play some important roles in generation and progression of gastric cancer.In this review,we introduced the structure and function of these immunomolecules and genes,and their action during the course of gastric cancer invasion and metastasis.

Objective To compare the efficiencies of Fenwal CS-3000 plus and Cobe Spectra blood cell separators in collecting peripheral blood stem cells. Methods Thirty-eight stem cell apheresis procedures were performed on 31 patients using Fenwal CS-3000 plus cell separator and 65 procedures performed on 45 patients using Cobe Spectra cell separator. The white blood cell counts and the percentages of mononuclear cells and CD 34 positive cells in the apheresis products of the two groups were compared. Results The WBC counts of the two groups had no significant difference. The mononuclear cell percentage was significantly higher with Fenwal CS-3000 plus than with Cobe Spectra. The mononuclear cell percentage declined with increasing WBC count when using Cobe Spectra. There was no significant difference between CD 34 positive cell percentages of the two groups. There were no significant correlations between the WBC count and the percent of CD 34 cells, between the percent of mononuclear and the percent of CD 34 cells of the apheresis products. Conclusion There is no difference between the collection efficiencies of the two blood cell separators in the collection of peripheral blood stem cells.

OBJECTIVE To analyze and review the antibiotics utilization for the perioperative inpatients in our orthopedics department,and to evaluate the rationality of the utilization.METHODS Totally 267 cases of inpatients receiving operations from Sep to Nov,2008 were selected in our orthopedics department,then the methods of drug use review and drug frequency analysis were applied to analyze and review the effects of antibiotics utilization with retrospective statistics.RESULTS All of the 267 inpatients have taken antibiotics,of which the cephalosporins were the most frequently used.The antibiotics commonly used were cefminox,cefmetazole,and cefuroxime.The antibiotics of the highest daily defined dose(DDD) costs and total costs were cefamandole,flomoxef,etc.The average days of antibiotics utilization for clean operations,clean-contaminated operations,and contaminated operations were 7 days,8 days,and 9 days,respectively and 86% of the patients were antibiotic combination usage.CONCLUSIONS There is inappropriateness in the antibiotics utilization during perioperations of orthopedics.Guidelines of drug use must be followed to improve the drug usage.

The salivary glands were exposed and isolated from the larvae of Simulium quinquestriatum and stained in carbol fuchsin, squashed between slide and coverslide. Slides were examined and photographed under microscope to measure the polytene chromosomes. Systematic analysis was made. Results indicated that the number of the polytene chromosomes of both isolates is three. The main characteristic chromosomal structures are homologized. Only the banding types of ⅡL are different.

Objective To evaluate the target killing effect and metastasis prevention effect of soluble Fas combined with PKC inhibitor on the growth of human colorectal carcinoma implant in nude mice. Methods Orthotopic implantation and metastasis model of human colorectal carcinoma was reproduced in nude mice. Tumor tissue of tumor cell line HR-8348 with positive expression of FasL was implanted to the colonic wall of nude mice. After one week of tumor growth, mice were randomly divided into four groups according to the different agents injected into the peritoneal cavity. Twelve mice were in each group. The mice in the combined treatment group (recombinant soluble Fas coupled with PKC inhibitor + 5-Fu) were injected intraperitoneally 100?l (3mg/ml) recombinant soluble Fas coupled with PKC inhibitor and 0.5 mg of 5-Fu. (On the day of 0, 4, 8, 12 and16). At the same time, a group of tumor bearing mice were given recombinant soluble Fas coupled with PKC inhibitor only, and another group with 5-Fu only, and in the control group only normal saline was given. One month after implantation, tumor weight, inhibition rate and the presence of metastasis were evaluated respectively after the mice were sacrificed. Results Compared with control group, the orthotopically implanted tumors were significantly reduced in weight in mice treated with 5-Fu, recombinant soluble Fas coupled with the PKC inhibitor, and combined treatment, with respective inhibited rates of 43.1%, 79.9%, and 86.3%. Liver metastasis was also inhibited with significant decrease in incidence in 5-Fu group, recombinant soluble Fas coupled with the PKC inhibitor, and combined group compared with that in control group (75.0% vs 36.4%, 16.7%, and 0%). The incidence of peritoneal metastasis was also decreased significantly in 5-Fu, recombinant soluble Fas coupled with PKC inhibitor, and combined treatment compared with that in control group (100% vs 45.5%, 16.7%, and 8.3%, P

Objective To retrospectively analyse the impact of imatinib mesylate(Gleevec)on HSCT outcome in patients with Ph(+)leukemias.Methods From June 2001 to June 2005,31 CML-BC/AP patients and 8 refractory Ph(+)ALL patients were treated with imatinib mesylate to induce remission,followed by allogeneic transplantation,and we evaluated its influence on engraftment,graft versus host disease(GVHD),overall survival(OS),disease free survival(DFS),relapse rate(RR)and transplant-related mortality(TRM).Results Eighteen of 39 patients achieved complete hematologic remission(CHR),9 patients bone marrow remission(BMR)and 4 patients partial response(PR),the overall response rate being 70.96%.After HSCT,all patients achieved complete allogeneic engraftment with a median of 14 and 13.5 days for neutrophil and platelet recovery,respectively.The cumulative incidence rates of Ⅱ~Ⅳ? and Ⅲ~Ⅳ? aGVHD were 61.53% and 15.38%.The probability of OS and DFS was(73.51?9.61)% and(61.28?12.37)%,when HSCT was performed in CR,compared with(36.36?14.50)% and(31.25?13.98)% in NR.The 3-year cumulative relapse rate(RR)was 20.41% vs 75.00%.Four cases died of transplant-related complications.Conclusion Pre-transplant imatinib mesylate seems effective and safe for refractory Ph(+)leukemias;it allows transplantation to be in a more favorable status,and leads to better outcome.

Objective: To observe the effect of home-made blenderized diet on nutritional support in old comatose patients.Methods: Sixty-three old comatose patients were fed with home-made blenderized diet by nosal gastric feeding.Triceps skinfolds were measured every month.The serum levels of albumin,pre-albumin,total number of lymph cells and hemoglobin were analysed every month.Results: No side effects of abdominal pain,dearrhea,nausea and vomiting were observed in the fed patients.The states of nutrition(such as triceps skinfolds,albumin,pre-albumin,total number of lymph cells and hemoglobin) were improved significantly after home-made blenderized diet.Conclusion: The home-made blenderized diet can support the old comatose patients effectively.

Objective:To select the differentially expressed vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) apoptosis gene induced by icariin,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),to observe the expression of GRP78 in atherosclerosis tissue and to the elucidate the mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis of icariin.Methods:The model was established by using halfcystine in viro.The vascular smooth muscle cell was incubated with various concentrations of icariin for 48 hours.The apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay.GRP78 gene was amplificated by PCR,recombinant plasmid were constructed,transfected into E.coli,positive clonings were selected and conf irmed by restriction endonucleas analysis,and sequence-ed.Tissue situ hybridization was used to observe the GRP78 expression in atherosclerosis tissue.Results:Icariin promoted obviously vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis.Furthermore,the fragment,648bp,was similar to the gene of GRP78 from VSMC,and the expression level was signif icantly higher in high cholesterol group than in control nroup.Conclusions:The GRP78 plays a key role in inducing atherosclerotic lesions.The mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis of icariin might be partly due to promoting apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell.

[Objective]To evaluate the long term effect of the short incision and tenocutaneous relaxing suture to treat the acute closed rupture of the Achilles tendon.[Method]28 cases were treated by short incision and tenocutaneous relaxing suture from 1996-2005,The scar tissue and blood blocks between the ends of ruptured Achilles tendon were first debrided completely,then treated with percutanneous decmpression suture,the duration of follow up ranged from 2 years to 10 years.The treatment outcome were evaluated by Arner-Lindholm evaluation system and the MRI of post operation.2 cases were lost.[Result]According to the Arner-Lindholm evaluation system and the MRI of post operation,the treatment outcome were excellent in 18,and good in 6,with excellent rate of 92%,No complication including nerve injury and infection were found after operation,except 1 rerupture of Achilles tendon was found during the follow up period.The MRI showed the rupture Achilles tendon were repaired and remodeled very well in all cases.[Conclusion]The short incision and tenocutaneous relaxing suture is an ideal surgical technique,with good Clinical result and less Significant complication.