This study is designed to investigate the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis mechanism of carrageenan oligosaccharides. The effects of carrageenan oligosaccharides on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) induced cell proliferation, heparanase activity and bFGF binding ability were evaluated in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Results indicate that, at rational concentrations, carrageenan oligosaccharides showed low cytotoxic effect. At relatively low concentrations (0.2-200 microg x mL(-1)), these oligosaccharides could competitively bind bFGF and inhibit bFGF induced cell proliferation. In these samples, oligo-lambda-carrageenans (dp2-8) were the most potent bFGF antagonists. At concentration of 20 microg x mL(-1), their inhibitory ratio reached to 30%. The heparanase enzyme assay revealed that three kinds of carrageenan oligosaccharides showed different inhibitory activities to two cell lines. For HeLa cell, oligo-lambda-carrageenans showed highest inhibitory effect, but for HUVEC, oligo-kappa-carrageenans (dp9-17) were the best inhibitors. Current observations demonstrated that the biological activities of carrageenan oligosaccharides are closely related to the molecular weight, carbohydrate structure and the content and linking position of sulfur groups. Carrageenan oligosaccharides with high sulfate fraction, 2-8 units saccharide size and suitable molecular structure are able to achieve potent heparin sulfate-like compounds.

Objective To investigate the effect of MOTOmed movement therapy on balance and ability in the activities of daily living (ADL) of convalescing stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods Forty convalescent stroke patients exhibiting hemiplegia were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group with 20 cases in each group. The control group received routine rehabilitation training; the treatment group received MOTOmed training in addition. Balance function of all the patients was assessed using Berg's balance scale (BBS) , and the Barthel Index ( BI) was used to assess ADL ability at the beginning of the program and after 6 weeks of treatment. Results Balance and ADL ability improved significantly in both groups after 6 weeks of treatment. The effect in the treatment group was significantly better than in the control group. Balance and ADL ability were positively correlated. Conclusions Applying MOTOmed therapy along with routine rehabilitation training can distinctly improve balance and the ADL ability of hemiplegics after stroke.

Objective To introduce an improved technique of periareolar incision mammoplasty using gland flap suspending and contour line circum-contraction suturing. Methods Through the periareolar incision, dissection was conducted between the subcutaneous tissue and the glandular tissue to detach the skin flap tent from the gland cone. A vertical glandular flap was formed in the upper portion to suspend the gland, with the gland tissue partially excised medial and lateral to the vertical glandular flap. Continuous contour line circum-contraction suturing was made for 2～3 rounds step by step from the cone bottom to the plateau, i.e. the nipple areola level. The suturing proceeded alternately from the flap tent to the glandular cone. Finally, the skin was sutured along the areolar incision. Results Sixteen breasts of eight patients were operated on using the present technique, including 10 cases of macromastia and 6 of breast ptosis. Satisfactory results were achieved with pretty breast shape and inconspicuous periareolar scar. Conclusion The contour line circum-contraction suturing periareolar incision mammoplasty is an optimal choice for moderate macromastia and breast ptosis.

This paper introduces the surgeon backpack and medical corpsman backpack which are newly developed for PLA.The twokinds of backpacks being waterproof,water can't penetrate intothem when they are in the rain or floating on water.The basic performance experiments,ergonomics tests and army tryout are performed.The results show that the backpacks are designed reasonably and easy touse.The burthen on the whole backpacks is distributed in the equipment uniformly due toits structure.The physical energy consumption of the person carrying the backpacks decreases due tothe same reason.The medical equipments in the backpacks can accomplish the first aid operations such as binding up,stanching,acesodyne,fastness,ventilation,infection prevention and anti-shock.

Objective To explore the consistency between preoperative clinical TNM stage and postoperative pathological TNM stage of gastric cancer and look for the underlying reason.Methods Sixty-four patients of gastric cancer with complete clinical data from December 2010 to December 2011 in Gansu Provincial Hospital were enrolled into this study.All cases were performed postoperative pathological TNM staging according to the TNM stage criteria of gastric cancer from JGCA(the 14th edition,2010),and the results were compared with preoperative TNM staging,then we studied the consistency of T staging,N staging and M staging using SPSS 18.0.Results The Kappa value from T staging of preoperative and postoperative was 0.729,showing a good consistency.The N stage' s consistency was lower,Kappa value being only 0.216.For M staging,Kappa value 0.743,having a good consistency.Conclusions According to the General Rules for Gastric Cancer Treatment,a accurate TNM staging and individual treatment plan can be made for gastric cancer patients in clinic.But the overestimate and underestimate still existed,especially in N staging.Therefore,making a accurate judgment for N staging according to all kinds of preoperative clinical data and images is the key to improvement of preoperative TNM staging accuracy and treatment.

Objective: To observe the effect of home-made blenderized diet on nutritional support in old comatose patients.Methods: Sixty-three old comatose patients were fed with home-made blenderized diet by nosal gastric feeding.Triceps skinfolds were measured every month.The serum levels of albumin,pre-albumin,total number of lymph cells and hemoglobin were analysed every month.Results: No side effects of abdominal pain,dearrhea,nausea and vomiting were observed in the fed patients.The states of nutrition(such as triceps skinfolds,albumin,pre-albumin,total number of lymph cells and hemoglobin) were improved significantly after home-made blenderized diet.Conclusion: The home-made blenderized diet can support the old comatose patients effectively.

It has been confirmed clearly that gastric bypass operation could be used for tbe treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.However,the curative mechanism underlying this therapy remain unclear up to now.Referencing the curative mechanisms research progress from domestic and abroad,the possible mechanism is considered as the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones can be changed after gastric by~ss operation,which has altered the normal anatomy structure of the gastrointestinal,and so as to the situation of type 2 diabetes mellitus can be controlled.This review will summarize recent papers related to mechanism research about the gastric bypass operatiou for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND:Keloid is the outcome of wound-healing process,and the result of massive accumulation of life-prolonged fibroblasts with gene mutation as well as the excessive synthesis of collagenous fibers.OBJECTIVE:To probe the relationship between the fibroblasts and the mutations of the exon-8 of Fas gene in keloid.DESIGN:An open study with gene sequence as the subjects of observation.SETTING :The Department of Plastic Surgery of Southern Hospital of the First Military Medical University.PARTICIPANTS:This experiment was carried out at the Tropical Disease Research Institute of the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in 2001. All keloid and hypertrophic scar tissues were obtained from the patients who received orthopedic surgical operations at the Southern Hospital, including 15 patients with keloid whose pathological areas were located respectively at the earlobe and the prothorax and 12patients with hypertrophic scars whose pathological areas being located at the instep and the elbow. At the same time, normal skin and the peripheral blood samples from the patients themselves with keloid were taken as the self-control and the skin and the peripheral blood samples from the normal people and the patients with hypertrophic scars were taken as the normal control.METHODS: PCR-SCCM technique and gene sequence analysis were used to detect the gene structure of exon-8 in the Fas gene from 15 patients.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The gene structure of exon-8 in the Fas gene derived from the tissues and the peripheral blood samples of all the groups.RESULTS: ① Heterozygous loss was observed in the exon-8 of the Fas gene in all 15 keloid patients; ② Gene sequence was found to be abnormal in 11 cases out of 15 keloid patients, presenting gene mutation in 4 loci.CONCLUSION: Heterozygous loss and gene mutation was detected in the exon 8 of Fas gene of keloid, suggesting that Fas protein in keloid has functional defect that is closely associated with gene mutation.

Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of historical Oncomelania hupensis snail environ-ments and wetland environments in Wuxi City since 1952 so as to provide the evidence for formulating the monitoring strategy after the schistosomiasis transmission was interrupted. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the informa-tion of historical O. hupensis snail environments and wetland environments. Google Earth was used to present and analyze the distribution and characteristics of them. Results There were 2 124 historical O. hupensis snail environments in Wuxi City and the accumulative area was 2 995.7 hm2. In 2013 there were 61 surveillance sites of wetland with the area of 32.8 hm2 totally 1 695 snails were caught and no O. hupensis snails were found. Conclusion The historical O. hupensis snail environments were distributed widely and covered a large area in Wuxi City. The surveillance should be focused on the key environments and wetland.

Objective To evaluate the hepatic pathological damage after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in rats with integrated backscatter (IBS). Methods Thirty-two SD rats and 40 Wistar rats were included, and stable OLT models were established except 8 Wistar rats as blank group. The rat models were randomly divided into 4 groups (each n=8):normal group (given no treatment), CsA-treated group (30 mg/[kg·d]), SIN-treated group (40 mg/[kg·d]), SIN and CsA-treated group (SIN 40 mg/[kg·d]+CsA 15 mg/[kg·d]). Hepatic IBS (peak to peak intensity:PPI; average image intensity:AII; standard deviation of image intensity:SDI) was measured on 4th and 10th day after OLT. The rats were sacrificed and a part of liver was cut off for pathological examination. Result Four days later, AII of control and SIN groups were higher than those in other groups (P<0.05), and of CsA-treated and SIN+CsA-treated groups were higher than that of blank group (P＜0.05), while no difference of PPI and SDI was detected between each two groups. Ten days later, AII in CsA-treated, SIN+CsA-treated and SIN-treated groups were lower than that of control group (P＜0.05), no difference of PPI and SDI was detected between each two groups. IBS was positively correlated with liver pathological damage (r=0.814, P＜0.01). Conclusion Detecting hepatic IBS contributes to the diagnosis of the level of liver damage after OLT.