Objective To investigate the Laboratory diagnostic value of COPD with congestive cardiac failure .The clinical signif‐icance on the combined detection of the serum B‐type natriuretic peptide(BNP) ,high sensitive C reactive protein (hs‐CRP) ,and he‐moglobin(Hb) in COPD with congestive cardiac failure .Methods The serum levels of BNP ,hs‐CRP and Hb in 205 patients with different etiological factors and grades(according to the pulmonary function test Ⅰ - Ⅳ) and 100 healthy controls were determined . The sensitivity and specificity of 3 parameters were evaluated .Results The levels of BNP ,hs‐CRP ,and Hb in different grades of COPD had statistical significance(P<0 .05) .In addition ,the grade was worse ,and its concentration was higher .The levels of BNP and Hb showed statistical significance between COPD I grade patients and healthy controls (P<0 .05) ,and the levels of hs‐CRP had no statistical significance between the healthy controls and COPD Ⅰgrade patients(P>0 .05) .The sensitivity of combined detection was 90 .2% in early COPD diagnosis ,which was higher significantly than that of the individual detection (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The significant clinical significance on the combined detection of the serum BNP ,hs‐CRP and Hb provides reference support in the diagnosis of early COPD .

Objective To study the expressions of metadherin (MTDH) and cyclinD1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their clinical significances. Methods The protein expressions of MTDH and cyclinD1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 78 cases of ESCC. Results The positive expression rate of MTDH in ESCC was 71.79%(56/78) and the positive expression rate of cyclinD1 in ESCC was 74.36%(58/78). The expressions of MTDH and cyclinD1 were significantly correlated with the degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis (both P< 0.05), but not with the age, gender of patients and depth of tumor invasion (all P> 0.05). Conclusion The over expressions of MTDH and cyclinD1 protein may involve in the occurrence and development of esophageal carcinoma, which play important roles in the invasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of carboprost and Foley catheter for the expand cervix before hys-teroscopic electric resection. METHODS:80 patients with hysteroscopic operation were randomly divided into research group and control group. Research group was placed inside the vagina carboprost 1 mg 30 minutes before operation;control group was placed inside the Foley catheter 12 hour before operation. The relaxation degree of the cervix,average operative time,preoperative pain, postoperative morbidity and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:There were no significant differ-ences in the relaxation degree of the cervix,postoperative morbidity and incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). The average operative time and preoperative pain in research group were significantly better than control group,the differ-ence was statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Carboprost and Foley catheter have good efficacy and safety for ex-pand cervix before hysteroscopic electric resection,however,carboprost is better than Foley catheter in terms of average operative time and preoperative pain.

Objective To investigate the effects of DRD1 rs265981,rs4532,rs686 and rs265976 polymorphisms on response to clozapine in resistant schizophrenic patients.Methods DRD1 genotype was determined by SNaPshot SNP technique for 154 patients with resistant schizophrenia.Clinical symptoms were evaluated by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS),and the responder was defined as a reduction of 50％ on PANSS score from baseline after the patients were administered orally clozapine for 8 weeks.Results The frequencies of rs265981 genotypes,alleles and rs265976 genotypes had significant differences between clozapine responder group (88 cases) and nonresponder group(66 cases) in total clinical efficacy ( x2 =10.215,P =0.004 ; x2 =4.082,P =0.041 ; x2 =14.083,P =0.007 ).The frequencies of rs265976 genotypes had significant differences between clozapine response (58 cases) and nonresponse (96 cases) to negative symptom ( x2 =9.805,P =0.046).Conclusion The polymorphisms of DRD1 gene rs265981 and rs265976 may relate with clinical response to clozapine in resistant schizophrenias.rs265981 T/T,allele T and rs265976 genotype A/A are likely to be predictive factors to the improvement of total clozapine therapeutic effects.rs265976 genotype A/A are likely to be predictive factors of negative symptom with treatment of clozapine.

Objective To explore the cytotoxicity of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induced by SW480 sonicate sensitized dendritic cells (DC) on the colon cancer cell line SW480. Methods PBMC were separated from the HLA-A*0201 donor and DC were cultured with rhGM-CSF, rhIL-4 and rhTNF-α. The same donor's primary CTL were stimulated by DC loaded with SW480 sonicate. The cytotoxicity of CTL on SW480 (HLA-A*0201 positive) and K562 (HLA-A*0201 negative) was determined by the MTT method. Results The cytotoxicity of the CTL on SW480 was stronger than that on K562 (P ＜0.05). Conclusion The DC vaccine can stimulate specific CTL which can trigger cytotoxic activity on the target cells and this cytotoxicity is related to MHC restriction.

The physical chemistry is one of the important basic courses for pharmaceutical speciality.This article explores the teaching reform of physical chemistry for pharmaceutical speciality from five aspects,such as the teacher's professional quality,the teaching content,the teaching method,the experiment teaching as well as the evaluating method.

BACKGROUND:Abnormal immunological function is possibly observed after cardiac valve replacement. However, effect of continuous venovenous hemofiltration on immunological function after cardiac valve replacement is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of continuous venovenous hemofiltration on the cellular immune function in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiac valve replacement.
METHODS:Thirty-one patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiac valve replacement in Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, from August 2008 to July 2009, were included in this study. They were treated with continuous venovenous hemofiltration using AV600 hemofilter and were divided into two groups:survival group (17 survivors) and death group (14 deaths). In addition, 16 healthy blood donors served as the control group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The duration of acute renal failure before continuous venovenous hemofiltration of survival group was significantly lower than that of death group (P<0.05). Before continuous venovenous hemofiltration, the CD4+/CD8+ratio and Th1/Th2 ratio of survival group and death group were lower than that of control group (P<0.05), and lymphocyte apoptosis rate and Fas/FasL antigen expression were higher than that of control group (P<0.05). This evidence suggested the presence of immunosuppression state and Th1/Th2 disbalance. During continuous venovenous hemofiltration, the CD4+/CD8+ratio and Th1/Th2 ratio of survival group were gradual y increased (P<0.05), while lymphocyte apoptosis rate and Fas/FasL antigen expression were gradual y decreased (P<0.05) at 24 hours. The above changes were observed in both survival group and death group, but emerged latter in death group. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration can improve cellular immune function, maintain the balance of T lymphocyte subsets and Th1/Th2, down-regulate Fas/FasL expression on the surface of lymphocyte membrane, and decrease lymphocyte apoptosis rate in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiac valve replacement. Early continuous venovenous hemofiltration can improve patients’ prognosis.

Objective To determinate the heavy metal cadmium content in rice to ensure food safety.Methods Several brands and batch numbers of rice were collected and divided into groups A and B.Group A contained 24 pieces of rice from the canteens,and group B involved in 22 pieces from the farm product markets.Cadmium content in rice was detected quantitatively with X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,and then evaluated according to GB 2762-2012 which determined rice was not qualified in case cadmium content was more than 0.2 mg/kg.Results Group A had cadmium content between 0.00 and 0.477 mg/kg,the times of ultra standard being 2.385 and the disqualification rate being 29.2％ (7/24),and group B had cadmium content between 0.065 and 0.619 mg/kg,the times of ultra standard being 3.095 and the disqualification rate being 68.2％ (15/22).Excessive cadmium content in rice occurred in both canteens and markets,while the canteens was better than the markets.Conclusion X-ray fluorescence spectrometer detects cadmium content in rice rapidly and simply,and is worthy promoting in elementary facilities.

By taking the 《Inorganic Chemistry》of the national standard textbook for the pharmaceutical speciality as a chief source (chief editonHou Xinchu), adopting the softwares of powerpoint, ISIS/ Draw, formula edit tool...etc., and combining the download from the internet, video and refering to the related coursewares in other colleges ...etc., we have and manufactured the multimedia courseware of 《Inorganic Chemistry 》,composed perfectly of various means such as writing, picture, showbiz, animation, voice...etc. This courseware has already been applied in 2001 class,2002 class of the pharmaceutical specialty in our college and has achieved a good result.

The influence of exercise at high temperature on adult males' routine blood indexes and biochemical indexes and the expression of HSP72 in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was studied in order to provide theoretical ground for health supervision of adults receiving exercise at high temperature. 180 adult males were selected and divided into exercise group and control group, in which the exercise group was subdivided into subgroup 1 and subgroup 2 receiving exercise at high temperature in the afternoon and in the morning, respectively. Peripheral venous blood was phlebotomized before and after the exercise to examine routine blood indexes and blood biochemical indexes. The expression levels of HSP72 in PBLs were detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the routine blood indexes and biochemical indexes in each group were within the range of normal values of male adults. There was no significant difference between each exercise group and control group in indexes before exercise. After exercise, the expression levels of HSP72 in PBLs in exercise groups were higher than those before exercise, and HSP72 expression levels in subgroup 1 were obviously higher than those in subgroup 2 and control group. The contents of ALT, urea, Na+, Cl-, Ca2+ and K+ in subgroups 1 and 2 were lower than those in control group, but CK level was higher than in control group (P<0.05). The contents of Na+ and Cl- in subgroup 1 were relatively lower than those in subgroup 2 (P<0.05). It was concluded that while receiving exercise at high temperature, adult males' HSP72 levels in PBLs could be increased and the biochemical indexes changed. Attention should be paid to health supervision to avoid obvious body injuries at high temperature.
Blood Chemical Analysis/*methods ; Exercise/*physiology ; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/*blood ; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Hot Temperature ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Young Adult