Objective To investigate the expression of AIB1 protein in bladder cancer and its significance.Methods 30 cases of bladder cancer and 30 adjacent normal tissues were collected from 30 patients underwent radical or TURBt.The level of AIB1 protein expressed in these tissues were detected by immunohitochemical method.Results The positive rate of AIB1 protein in bladder carcinoma was higher than that in the normal tissues [43.3 ％ (13/30) vs 3.3 ％ (1/30),x2 =4.316,P ＜ 0.05].The positive rate of AIB1 in T3 stage was higher than that in T1 or T2 stage [62.5 ％ (5/8) vs 25.0 ％ (2/8),42.9 ％ (6/14),x2 =4.623,P ＜ 0.05].No correlation was found between the expression of AIB1 protein and the sex,age,multiplicity or pathological grade (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions There is a close relationship between AIB1 and bladder cancer.AIB1 might have great value on the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer.

Objective To study the presence of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and hepatitis B virus(HBV)specific cytotoxie T lymphocyte(CTL)in peripheral blood and liver tissues of patients with chronic hepititis B(CHB)and its clincial significance.Methods One hundred and fifty-seven HBV-infected patients,including 20 cases of acute hepatitis B,115 cases of chronic hepatitis B,and 22cases of HBV-related liver cirrhosis,and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.Peripheral blood was collected and liver tissues were obtained from some of the enrolled subjects.The CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and HBV specific CTL were analyzed using flow cytometry and cytokine flow cytometry(CFC).The comparison between groups was done by t test.Results The percentages of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with acute hepatitis B and CHB of mild,moderate and severe degree were(2.87±0.94)%,(3.53±1.56)%,(4.59±2.98)%and(3.65±1.73)%,respectively,which were higher than that of controls(2.36±0.60)%(t=2.04,5.97,3.30 and 3.17,respectively,P<0.01).The percentages of HBV specific CTL in the peripheral blood of patients with mild,moderate and severe degree of CHB and HBV-related liver cirrhosis were (0.189±0.152)%,(0.103±0.110)%,(0.118±0.120)%and(0.098±0.101)%,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of acute hepatitis patients [(0.815±0.360)%](t=10.09,11.87,9.17 and 8.96,respectively,P<0.01).CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and HBV specific CTL in liver tissues were both higher than those in the peripheral blood.Conclusion CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells may play an important role in anti-HBV immune response through inhibiting CD8+T eell function.

Objective:To investigate the changes and correlation of intestinal and pulmonary microecological structures in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Methods:A prospective observational study was conducted. Thirty-one patients with VAP admitted to the department of critical care medicine of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from May 1st 2019 to May 1st 2020 were enrolled. Feces and alveolar lavage fluid samples from patients with the same day, feces and alveolar lavage specimen flora composition and the structure of biological information analysis by 16S rRNA sequencing technologies, the comprehensive sequencing results, and clinical data of patients were analyzed.Results:① The diversity (abundance and diversity) of flora in the alveolar lavage fluid of VAP patients was higher than that of fecal flora. Among them, Ace index, Chao index and Shannon index describing the abundance of flora showed statistically significant differences [Ace index: 305.89 (214.39, 458.66) vs. 204.51 (165.15, 247.61), Chao index: 259.83 (194.20, 459.31) vs. 187.67 (153.28, 234.01), Shannon index: 3.01 (2.39, 3.54) vs. 2.55 (1.86, 2.95), all P < 0.05], but there was no significant difference in Simpson index describing diversity [0.14 (0.08, 0.27) vs. 0.19 (0.10, 0.33), P > 0.05]. ② In the sequencing results of feces and alveolar lavage fluid of VAP patients, there were some intestinal related bacteria groups with high abundance, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, and Lachnospira, etc. ③ In 31 VAP patients, suspicious pathogenic bacteria was found in 20 cases (6 cases of Streptococcus viridans, 5 cases of Escherichia coli, 3 cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 cases of Acinetobacter baumannii, 2 cases of Staphylococcus aureus, 1 case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and the same suspected pathogens also existed in the 17 patients' alveolar lavage and waste sequencing. ④ Fourteen VAP patients combined with sepsis, 14 patients without sepsis were selected for sample size matching. The results showed that, Jaccard similarity index to describe lung-correlation of intestinal flora in VAP with sepsis group was significantly elevated, and the difference was statistically significant (0.24±0.08 vs. 0.19±0.06, P < 0.01). Conclusions:There is a certain correlation between pulmonary and intestinal flora in VAP patients. In addition to the exclusion of pulmonary infection caused by environmental and upper respiratory micro-inhalation, the lower digestive tract may also be source of infection.

After 4 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with normal diet and high-fat diet for 10 weeks,the rats were treated with metformin (200 mg/kg) for 6 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique.Realtime PCR and western blot were used to measure mRNA and protein levels of chemerin in perirenal adipose tissue of rats.The results showed that the expressions of chemerin mRNA and protein were higher in high-fat diet-induced insulin resistant rats compared with rats fed with normal diet ( both P＜0.05 ),and these incremental findings were diminished by metformin treatment ( both P＜0.01 ).The levels of chemerin mRNA and protein were correlated well with the epididymis fat mass index.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of acupuncture point injection for fine motor functions in children with cerebral palsy.Methods57 children with cerebral palsy were treated by acupuncture point injection combined with occupational therapy. The efficacy was evaluated by the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-Fine Motor (PDMS-FM).ResultsThe fine motor quotient (FMQ) of 34 children (59.7%) elevated. The raw scores of grasping subtest (Gr) elevated in 45 children (78.9%) and the raw scores of visual-motor integration (VI) elevated in 53 children (93.0%).ConclusionThe efficacy of acupuncture point injection combined with occupational therapy is significant in children with cerebral palsy.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of serum miRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p), miRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) and miRNA-3923 (miR-3923) in patients with cervical cancer.Methods:The data of 100 cervical cancer patients in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from July 2016 to June 2018 (the experimental group) and 100 healthy subjects (the healthy control group) during the same period were collected. The real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) combined with probe hybridization was used to detect the expression levels of human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 mRNA in paraffin-embedded tissues of patients with cervical cancer and in cervical exfoliated cells of the healthy control people. Ct value ≤ 40 cycles was considered as HPV E6/E7 positive. Serum samples from 3 patients with cervical cancer and 3 healthy people were taken out; microRNA (miRNA) Array was used to detect the expression level of 384 miRNA; the differential expression of miRNA was screened out and cluster analysis was performed, and then the screened miRNAs was verified by using qRT-PCR. Finally, the receiver operation characteristics (ROC) curves of screened miRNAs alone and HPV E6/E7 alone or the combination of three miRNAs and HPV E6/E7 in the diagnosis of cervical cancer were drawn to make comparison of diagnostic efficacy.Results:Among the paraffin-embedded tissues from 100 patients with cervical cancer, there were 65 cases (65%) HPV E6/E7 positive; in the healthy control group, HPV E6/E7 in cervical exfoliated cells of 100 people was negative. A total of 248 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected from the serum samples in 3 patients with cervical cancer and 3 healthy people. The cluster analysis finally identified 16 abnormally regulated miRNAs. qRT-PCR verification confirmed that differences in the expression levels of miR-9-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-3923 in the healthy control group and cervical cancer group were statistically significant (all P < 0.01), and then the three were selected to make diagnosis of cervical cancer. The expression levels of miR-9-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-3923 in HPV E6/E7 positive cervical cancer group were higher than those in the healthy control group (all P < 0.05), expression levels of miR-21-5p and miR-3923 in HPV E6/E7 negative cervical cancer group were increased ( P = 0.008, P = 0.038); expression levels of the three miRNAs in HPV E6/E7 positive group were higher than those in HPV E6/E7 negative group (all P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of miR-3923 was the biggest (0.843), the specificity was the highest (82%, the cut-off value was 2.88) and the sensitivity of miR-21-5p was the highest (85%, the cut-off value was 4.08) when miR-9-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-3923 were respectively applied to diagnose the cervical cancer; AUC (0.924), the sensitivity and the specificity (85%, 94%; the cut-off value was 4.04) of the combination of the three indicators were higher than those of the single indicator in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. AUC was 0.766 when HPV E6/E7 was kused alone to diagnose. The diagnostic efficacy of HPV E6/E7 combined with miR-9-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-3923 respectively was further improved, the corresponding AUC was 0.914, 0.848, 0.932, respectively; the diagnostic efficacy of the combination of the four indicators was the highest (AUC was 0.942). Conclusion:miR-9-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-3923 may be helpful in the diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the prognostic value of platelet count (PLT), coagulation indexes, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ), and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) in patients with bloodstream infection.Methods:A retrospective single center cohort study was conducted, patients with at least one positive blood culture bloodstream infection hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from January 2016 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects, basic data and pathogen distribution, coagulation function, and prognosis at 28 days were collected, the APACHEⅡscore, SOFA score based on the results of laboratory examination within 24 hours of blood culture were calculated. Patients were divided into the survival group and the death group according to the 28-day prognosis, and the differences of the above indicators were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the risk factors for 28-day death of patients with bloodstream infection. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to analyze the predictive efficacy of various risk factors for 28-day prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection.Results:A total of 215 patients with bloodstream infection were enrolled, of which 117 survived and 98 died within 28 days. The 256 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 161 (62.89%) Gram-negative bacteria (G -), 76 (29.69%) Gram-positive bacteria (G +), 17 fungi (6.64%), and 2 other strains (0.78%). The main pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli (53 strains, 20.70%), Enterococcus (37 strains, 14.45%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (34 strains, 13.28%). Compared with the survival group, patients in the death group were older (years old: 60.98±16.08 vs. 55.64±16.35), had higher levels of body temperature, SOFA score, APACHEⅡ score, proportion of malignant tumor and pulmonary infection, blood lactic acid (Lac), and creatinine [Cr; body temperature (℃): 39.12±1.10 vs. 38.67±1.09, SOFA score: 13.05±4.40 vs. 7.85±3.74, APACHEⅡscore: 24.01±8.18 vs. 15.38±6.59, proportion of malignant tumor: 15.31% (15/98) vs. 12.82% (15/117), proportion of patients with pulmonary infection: 84.69% (83/98) vs. 72.65% (85/117), Lac (mmol/L): 7.13±6.04 vs. 4.31±2.98, Cr (μmol/L): 189.73±141.81 vs. 124.55±106.17, all P < 0.05]. The prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thrombin time (APTT), and thrombin time (TT) were significantly longer [PT (s): 19.51±15.16 vs. 14.94±2.86, APTT (s): 52.74±26.82 vs. 40.77±15.30, TT (s) : 21.59±18.46 vs. 17.38±2.59, all P < 0.05], PLT was significantly decreased [×10 9/L: 43.50 (18.75, 92.75) vs. 86.00 (36.00, 154.50), P < 0.05]. Logistic regression analysis showed that body temperature, age, SOFA score and APACHEⅡ score were independent risk factors [odds ratio ( OR) were 1.388, 1.023, 0.817 and 0.916, respectively, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were 1.001-1.926, 1.001-1.046, 0.730-0.913, 0.867-0.968, with respective P values of 0.046, 0.043, 0.000, 0.002]. ROC curve analysis showed that SOFA score, APACHEⅡ score, temperature, age had certain predictive values for the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection, and area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.815, 0.795, 0.625 and 0.594, respectively (all P < 0.05). The AUC predicted by the combination of the 4 variables was as high as 0.851, the specificity was 79.3%, and the sensitivity was 74.2%, suggesting that the combination variables could predict the death of patients with bloodstream infection with higher accuracy. Conclusions:PLT and coagulation indexes are helpful to evaluate the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection in ICU. APACHEⅡscore and SOFA score are directly related to the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection.

Postoperative complications of ERCP include pancreatitis,cholangitis,hemorrhage,mechanical damage (such as perforation) of the digestive tract and drug reaction.Since the the complications definition,surgical indications,operation technique,data collection and processing method were inconsistent,there were controversies for the incidences of complications after ERCP and its risk factors for different institutions.This paper discussed the evolution of ERCP risk factors,current situation and prophylaxis of major complications after ERCP and summarized the current research progress in order to provide theoretical help for prevention and prophylaxis of postoperative complications of ERCP.