Objective To develop a system for detection and diagnosis of osteoporosis by using quantitative ultrasound technology.Methods An ARM embedded system was used to measure the speed of ultrasound,the broadband ultrasound attenuation(BUA) and the stiffness.The speed of ultrasound mainly reflects bone structural features,BUA mainly reflects bone density,and stiffness can synthetically reflects bone intensity.Results Based on an ARM microprocessor,the whole system could diagnose osteoporosis through the parameters sent by ultrasound.Conclusion The system for ultrasonic diagnosis of osteoporosis based on ARM can achieve precise diagnosis in clinic by setting osseous parameters database of normal people in different age,weight and sex.

Objective To study the distribution and molecular characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP) in patients with a‐cute diarrhea ,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of VP infection .Methods From 2010 to 2014 ,62 VP iso‐lates were collected from patients with acute diarrhea ,for serotyping and virulence gene (tdh and tdh) detection of VP .Molecular characteristics analysis was carried out by using multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) .Results 7 different serotypes were found from the 62 isolates .O3∶K6 was the most common serotype of VP ,accounting for 74 .19% (46 isolates) ,followed by O4∶K68 (6 isolates) .Tdh gene was the mainly virulence gene ,with a percentage of 95 .16% (59 isolates) ,only three isolates were trh positive . 7 STs were found through MLST analysis of 62 VP isolates ,among which ,ST3 was the most important type ,accounted for 85 .50%(53 isolates) .Conclusion O3∶ K6 serotype VP was the most prevalent type .Tdh gene is the most important virulence gene of WP .ST3 was the the dominant epidemic type .

OBJECTIVE To explore an effective method of hand hygiene in ICU.METHODS Doctors and nurses in ICU washed hand with quick hand disinfectant or six steps hand washing at random,the time and compliance of two methods were recorded and their effect was checked.RESULTS The compliance and effect of quick hand disinfection were better than six steps hand washing(P=0.000),the time of quick hand disinfection was shorter than six steps hand washing(P=0.000).CONCLUSIONS The quick hand disinfection has good effect and high compliance.It is a good way for hand hygiene in ICU to improve clinical effects and values.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the pathophysiological changes in TCM spleen de ciency syndromes and precancerous lesion of gastric mucosa.Method:160 cases with spleen de ciency syndromes accompanied by gastric mucosa intestinal metaplasia,IM and / or atypical hyperplasia,AHP,(spleen de ciency is divided into spleen qi de ciency or SQD,spleen yin de ciency or SyinD and spleen de ciency with qi stagnation or SDQS) and 22 cases in health control group were taken as the study object.The detection was conducted on such trace elements as Zn,Cu of gastric mucosa epithelial cell nuclei and mitochondrion under the direct view of CM200FEG –TEM by adopting 9100/60 -Energy Dispersion X-ray Analyzers;detection was conducted on epithelial cell nucleus DNA by using IBAS2000 image analyzer;detection was conducted on the expression of P53,Ki67,CerbB2,P21ras in gastric mucosa tissue slices by adopting ElivisionTM Plus'.Result:The quantitative changes of gastric mucosa epithelial cell nucleus DNA,Zn,Cu and the positive expression rates of P53,P21ras,CerbB2 and Ki67 increased in the sequence of SQD group,SyinD group and SDQS group,while mitochondrial Cu,Zn decreased in the same sequence,there was signi cant di erence between the groups(P

Objective: Our aims were to measure DNA content in primary lung cancer and to study the relationship between the DNA content and TNM stage, histological differentiation of tumor cell, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. Methods: The DNA content and cellular proliferation were analyzed using flow cytometry. Tumor cell apoptosis was detected by using TUNEL method. Results: (1) The DNA index (DI) distribution ranged from 0.829 to 2.514. There were 41 cases (77.4%) of DNA aneuploid. The distribution of DI and DNA aneuploid was independent of histological subtypes（P>0.05）.(2) With the increase of TNM stage, the DI and the rate of DNA aneuploid increased（P<0.05）.(3) There was relationship between DI and histological differentiation of tumor cell. The DI was higher in tumors of poor differentiation than those in tumors of moderate and good differentiation（P<0.05 and P<0.01）. (4) The cellular proliferation index of aneuploid tumors was significantly higher than that of diploid tumors(P<0.01), while apoptosis index of aneuploid tumors was significantly lower than that of diploid tumors (P<0.01). Conclusion: Correlations exist between DNA content and TNM stage, hiological differentiation, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis.

BACKGROUND:Magnesium al oy as a fracture fixation material has mechanical properties similar to the bone, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, but its rapid degradation rate in body fluids becomes a clinical bottleneck. Therefore, the use of surface treatments to improve its corrosion resistance is important.
OBJECTIVE:To use magnetron sputtering technology and alkali heat treatment technology in the preparation of coating characterized as both corrosion resistance and biological activity.
METHODS:First, we prepared Mg-Zn-Mn al oy using the smelting technology, and prepared a dense coating on the al oy surface by the magnetron sputtering technique. Then, we processed the coating surface using an alkaline solution, and studied the corrosion behavior of the coating by use of simulated body fluid experiments. We speculated the biological activity of the coating by measuring the content of calcium and phosphorus from the surface products.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We prepared the coating, which had both corrosion resistance and biological activity, on the surface of magnesium al oy by use of magnetron sputtering and alkali heat treatment technology. After soaking in the simulated body fluid for 24 hours and 168 hours, the deposition of the coating surface contained Ca, P products. Ca/P ratios were 1.54 and 2.11, respectively, closed to the bone-phosphate Ca/P ratio. The coating surface formed 5-10μm pitting after 24 hours of immersion, and the pitting grew up with the immersion time. The pitting was enlarged to 100-800μm after 168 hours.

Background Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) shows good clinical effects for keratoconus,and de-epithelized CXL appears to be benefit to the distribution and absorption of riboflavin in cornea stroma.However,de-epithelization of CXL will increase the infective risk and corneal healing time.It is very important to understand and control the affecting factors of corneal repair after de-epithelization of CXL.Objective This study was to evaluate the characteristics of corneal epithelial repair and analyze the relevant factors affecting corneal healing time after de-epithelized CXL.Methods A series-cases observational study was performed.De-epithelized CXL was performed on 77 eyes of 68 keratoconus patients in Shandong Eye Hospital from September 2013 to September 2015 under the approval of Ethic Committee of this hospital and informed consent of each patient.The age,corneal curvature,corneal thickness,breakup time of tear film (BUT),corneal front astigmatism (Astig) and epithelial healing time of the patients were recorded after surgery.The correlations between corneal epithelium healing time and above-mentioned factors were analyzed.Results De-epithelized CXL was smoothly finished in all the eyes.The corneal epithelium healing time was 2-12 days after surgery,with the average healing time 5 (4,6) days.The mean age,thickness at corneal thinnest point,minimal cornea curvature (Kf),maximal corneal curvature (Ks),corneal average curvature (Km) and Astig was 22.00 (18.00,25.00) years,436 (412,470) μm,47.40 (44.70,50.45) D,52.10 (49.00,54.55) D,50.00 (47.15,53.15) D and-3.30 (-5.45,1.70) D,respectively.Spearman rank correlation analysis showed significant negative correlations between corneal epithelium healing time and BUT or the thickness at corneal thinnest point (BUT:rs =-0.334,P =0.003;corneal thickness:rs =-0.417,P =0.000),and thesignificant positive correlations were found between corneal epithelium healing time and Km,Kf and Ks (Km:rs =0.449,P =0.000;Kf:rs =0.300,P =0.008;Ks:rs =0.432,P =0.000).There were no considerable correlarions between corneal epithelium healing time and age or Astig (age:rs =0.023,P =0.845;Astig:rs =-0.190,P =0.098).Multiple linear regression analysis were carried out to study the dependent variable and independent factors.Because of the multiple co-linearity between variables,this paper corrects the model by using ridge regression.There is significant negative correlation between BUT,corneal thickness and corneal healing time,respectively (both at P＜0.05),corneal curvature Km and Kf is positively correlated with corneal healing time (both at P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The corneal thickness,Kf,Km,as well as BUT are influencing factors of epithelial healing after CXL.

Objective To investigate the expression of Vacuolar-H +-ATPase (V-ATPase) and P-glyeoprotein (P-gp) protein in colon carcinoma tissues,the correlation between the expression of V-ATPase and P-gp and their clinicopathological significance.Methods In samples from 80 cases of colon cancer,20 cases of colon adenoma and 10 cases of normal colonic mucosa tissues,the expression of V-ATPase and P-gp protein were detected by immunohistochemical method,their relationship was analyzed,the clinicopathological features and prognosis were evaluated.Results In colon cancer,V-ATPase and P-gp protein expression was 72％ and 80％,higher than that in colon adenomas (40％,35％),and in normal colon mucosa (20％,20％),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).There was a positive correlation between the expression of V-ATPase and that of P-gp (r =0.567,P ＜0.01).V-ATPase and P-gp protein expression in colon cancer was associated with TNM stage,lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation (P ＜ 0.05).Patients with high V-ATPase expression had lower 5-year survival rate than those with low V-ATPase expression (P =0.023),and 5-year recurrence rate was higher than those with low expression (P =0.024).Conclusions The expression of V-ATPase is up-regulated in colon cancer,there is a positive correlation with colon cancer progress and metastasis,and high V-ATPase protein expression predicts poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of omeprazole combined with FOLFOX scheme as an adjuvant therapy for stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ colon cancer patients after a radical resection.Methods 98 stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ colon cancer patients in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2009 were randomly divided into study group (48 cases) receiving regimen of omeprazole combined with FOLFOX and control group (50 cases) treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy after radical colectomy.Surgical specimens were examined for expression of V-ATPase protein.Chemotherapy period was 6 months,8-12 courses.We observed results of follow-up curative effect,comparing the side effects and postoperative 2 year,3 year and 5 year disease-free survival rate (DFS) difference using statistical analysis.Results Study was completed in all 93 cases,5 cases were lost to follow-up.The baseline data distribution in the two groups were balanced basically.In study group the gastrointestinal side effects of chemotherapy was lower than the control group (x2 =4.924 6,P =0.026).In the two groups,the 2-year,3-year and 5-year DFS were 73％ vs 60％ (x2 =1.743 7,P =0.187),62％ vs50％ (x2 =1.4075,P=0.235),49％ vs40％ (x2 =0.8159,P=0.366) (P＞0.05).V-ATPase protein expression was 71％ (70/98) in all samples.The 2-year and 3-year DFS of patients for V-ATPase protein positive expression in the two groups were 75％ vs 51％ (x2 =3.970 8,P =0.046),66％ vs 40％ (x2 =4.399 5,P =0.036).Compared with the control group,the 2-year,3-year DFS increased in the study group (P ＜ 0.05).In stage Ⅲ colon cancer patients,the 2-year DFS was 73％ vs 47％ (x2 =4.504 5,P =0.034).Conclusions PPI combined with FOLFOX in V-ATPase protein positive expression or Ⅲ stage colon cancer patients after radical colectemy improves long-term survival,as well as reduces the gastrointestinal side effects of chemotherapy.

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics and clinical value of multispectral cystoscopy.Methods From May 2011 to May 2013,31 male and 4 female patients were included in this study,including benign prostatic hyperplasia in 14 patients,bladder tumor in 16 patients,upper urinary tract disease alone in 5 patients.The mean age in this group was 56 years (range 43 to 84 years).All patients accepted the bladder CT scan for diagnosis.TURBT procedure and pathological examination were performed in those patients with bladder tumor.Under the epidural anesthesia,the 27 F resectoscope was inserted to bladder through the urethra.Then,the conventional light source was replaced by multispectral endoscope light source.The white light,UV-light (401.0 nm),blue light (467.6 nm),green light (534.2nm),red light (660.6 nm),and near-infrared light (763.8 nm) were used,subseqently.Meanwhile,the following data were recorded,such as the visibility of bladder cavity,the color of bladder tumors and bladder mucosa,the density of blood vessels,three-dimensional structure of blood vessels,the mobility between mucosa and submucosa.Results When UV-light and near-infrared light irradiated bladders,there were not any imaging on monitor.However,the bladder mucosa and submucosa blood vessels were showed clearly and constituted the three-dimensional blood vessel network when using green light.The density of blood vessels in mucosal and submucosal layer was increased but less clarity when using blue light.The mucosal surface was covered in red when using red light,which vascular and mucosal can not able to be distinguished.Among 16 patients who were accepted the TURBT procedure,seven cases with T1 stage tumors were resected to the submucosa by TURBT.The superficial muscle layer with integrity structure could be observed under white light.While,blood vessels were not appeared when using green light.In six cases with Ta stage tumors,the clear connection of blood spots between mucous blood vessels and the blood vessel from the tumor could be observed under the green-light conditions.In three patients with Tis stage tumors,the mucosal blood vessels were normal under the white-light after tumor resection.However,structural disorder could be found under the green-light,which should be highly suspected as Tis stage tumors.Conclusions Without any photosensitizer or fluorescent dye,tumor blood vessels and bladder mucosal vascular can be showed under the green light.This technique is useful for identify the minimal tumor and evaluate the carcinoma infiltrated depth.