To study the antiarrhythmic effect of the newly developed alpha/beta-blocker TJ0711, a variety of animal models of arrhythmia were induced by CaCl2, ouabain and ischemia/reperfusion. Glass microelectrode technique was used to observe action potentials of right ventricular papillary muscle of guinea pig. The onset time of arrhythmia induced by CaCl2 was significantly prolonged by TJ0711 at 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1) doses. TJ0711 (1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1)) can significantly shorten the ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) duration, the incidence of VF and mortality were significantly reduced. On ischemia-reperfusion-induced arrhythmic model, TJ0711 (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg x kg(-1)) can significantly reduce the ventricular premature contraction (PVC), VT, VF incidence, mortality, arrhythmia score with a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, rats serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities decreased significantly by TJ0711 (1 and 2 mg x kg(-1)). Ouabain could cause arrhythmia in guinea pigs, when TJ0711 (0.375, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg x kg(-1)) was given, the doses of ouabain inducing a variety of arrhythmia PVC, VT, VF, cardiac arrest (CA) were significantly increased with a dose-dependent manner. In the TJ0711 0.1-30 micromol x L(-1) concentration range, guinea pig right ventricular papillary muscle action potential RP (rest potential), APA (action potential amplitude) and V(max) (maximum velocity of depolarization) were not significantly affected. APD20, APD50 and APD90 had a shortening trend but no statistical difference with the increase of TJ0711 concentration. TJ0711 has antiarrhythmic effect on the sympathetic nerve excitement and myocardial cell high calcium animal arrhythmia model. Myocardial action potential zero phase conduction velocity and resting membrane potential were not inhibited by TJ0711. APD20, APD50 and APD90 were shortened by TJ0711 at high concentration. Its antiarrhythmic action mechanism may be besides the action of blocking beta1 receptor, may also have a strong selective blocking action on alpha1 receptor and reducing intracellular calcium concentration.

The British and French language analogy method in bilingual teaching was applied to the clinical students who were learning medical French in Kunming Medical University. Based on the students' good English foundation , a series of problems were solved properly such as contradictions between the professional course and foreign language classes , unmatched textbooks and teaching con-tents, the teachers' quality by lexical analogy and textual analogy and the rational allocation of the British and French language analogy teaching content. The teaching contents and methods were also properly worked out and good results were got.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma originated in the primitive mesenchymal tissue .It usually devel-ops in the short bones such as hand ,foot and body bone ,while extremeIy rare in the orbit .We report a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit which is confirmed by pathology .

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic protective effects and function regulations of conventional antidiabetic treatment plus piperazine ferulate tablet on traumatic vascular endothelial cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS:80 patients were randomly divided into the treating group(n=37)and the control group(n=43).Conventional antidiabetic treatment plus piperazine ferulate was given to the treating group,and the control group was treated with conventional antidiabetic treatment plus vitamin C every day,and all the patients were treated with 4 weeks.The levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin A1C(Hb A1C),circulating endothelial cell(CEC),serum lipid peroxide(LPO),endothelin(ET)、nitric oxide(NO),tissue-plasminogen activator(t-PA)were determined during the therapeutic period.RESULTS:After 4 weeks of treatment,the levels of serum CEC,LPO and ET were lower in the treating group than those in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of CBL in teaching human embryology for medical students.Methods After having seminar with clinical case, scoring rate of questions discussed and not discussed in final exam were compared in recent 3 years.Embryological knowledge were evaluated in 1, 2, 3 years after embryology class by online test.Results There is no difference of total scoring rate among 3 grades in final exam, while the score of questions discussion was significantly higher than that of non-dissaution course(P<0.01).Scoring rate of objective questions discussed was significantly higher.Scoring rate of online test decreased with years after embryology class, while questions discussed were better than not discussed.Conclusions Seminar with clinical case as CBL could improve the learning outcomes of embryology in short and long term memory.

AIM: To explore the histocompatibility of pinealocyte microencapsules in vivo. METHODS: The pineal glands of neonatal rats were removed under operating microscope and pinealocytes were isolated through collagenase and trypsin digestion. Pinealocytes were cultured for one week in vitro and collected immediately after digesting was encapsulated in APA microencapsules. The cells and empty capsules were transplanted into abdominal cavity or intermuscular space respectively and retrieved at the 15th or 30th day after operation. Morphological observation, HE staining, cell counting, and HPLC technique were used to analyze the shape, proliferation and function, the degree of inflammation fibrosis of retrieved microencapsules. RESULTS: The retrieve rate of cell capsule from abdominal cavity was about 85 % . The retrieved capsules had integrated profile mostly although some were damaged. The amount of macrophages attached to capsule wall and the thickness of wall increased gradually following the period of transplantation. However, the retrieve rate, wall thickness had no difference between retrieved cell and empty capsules at the same time. Secretion ability of pinealocytes in capsule retrieved at 15th day after operation decreased rapidly and those retrieved at 30th day after operation lossed secretion function. CONCLUSION: APA microencapsules had histocompatibility relatively in vivo and protected pinealocytes in capsule from immunologic rejection of the host. The survival time was about 20 days. During this period cells in capsule maintained activity and MT secretion ability.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of lymphocyte count as a surrogate for CD4+T cell count in treatment-na(i)ve HIV-infected adults.Methods A total of 2 013 HIV-infected patients were screened at 23 sites in China.CD4+ T cell counts were measured by flow cytometry.Correlation between CD4+ T cell count and peripheral lymphocyte count were analyzed by spearman coefficient.AUCRoc were used to evaluate the performance of lymphocyte count as a surrogate for CD4+ T cell count.Results The lymphocyte count and CD4+T cell count of these 2 013 patients were (1 600±670) × 106/L and (244 ± 148) × 106/L respectively.CDa+ T cell count were positively correlated with lymphocyte count(r =0.482,P ＜0.000 1).AUCROC of lymphocyte count as a surrogate for CD4+ T cell counts of ＜ 100 × 106/L,＜200 × 106/L and ＜ 350 × 106/L were 0.790 (95％ CI 0.761-0.818,P ＜ 0.000 1),0.733 (95％ CI 0.710-0.755,P ＜ 0.000 1) and 0.732 (95％ CI 0.706-0.758,P ＜ 0.000 1) respectively.Conclusion Lymphocyte count could be considerad as a potential surrogate marker for CD4+ T cell count in HIV/AIDS patients not having access to T cell subset test by flowcytometry.

Objective To analyze the correlation between CD4+ T cell count and HLA-DR or CD38 expression on peripheral CD8+ T cells in treatment-naive Chinese HIV/AIDS patients.Methods A total of 471 treatment-naive HIV-infected patients and 53 healthy volunteers were enrolled.HLA-DR or CD38 expression on peripheral CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cell count, naive CD4+ T cell subsets and CD28 expression on T cells were measured by flow cytometry.Plasma HIV RNA load was quantified by real-time PCR (COBAS TaqMan RT-PCR).Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation test were used for statistical analysis.Results CD38 expression intensity on CD8+ T cells was negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell count (r =-0.53, P ＜ 0.001) and naive CD4+ T cell count (r =-0.48, P ＜ 0.001).CD38 expression on CD8+ T cells also displayed significantly negative correlation with CD28 expression on CD8+ T cells (r =-0.46, P ＜ 0.001).HLA-DR expression on CD8+ T cells did not show significant correlation with CD4+ T cell count.Only weak positive correlation was found between CD38 intensity on CD8+ T cells and plasma HIV RNA load.Conclusions Compared with HLA-DR, CD38 expression on CD8+ T cells shows more significant negative correlation with CD4+ T cell count in treatment-naive patients.CD38 and HLA-DR may play different roles on the persistent immune activation in HIV infection.

Objective To study the changes of mRNA and protein expressions of Kras gene in thymic lymphomas induced by ionizing radiation,and to detect the methylation of CpG islands in promoter region of Kras gene,then to investigate the mechanisms for the occurrence of radiation carcinogenesis.Methods The thymic lymphoma models of BALB/c mice were made by X-ray irradiation,then the total RNA was extracted,cDNA was synthesized and the total protein was extracted from both thymic lymphoma tissue and normal thymus tissue;the mRNA and protein expressions of Kras gene in thymic lymphoma tissue and normal thymus tissue were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting method, and the methylation of CpG islands in promoter region of Kras gene was detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR. Results The mRNA expression level of Kras gene in thymic lymphoma tissue was significantly higher than that in normal thymus tissue(P<0.01).The protein expression level in thymic lymphoma tissue was about 1.41 times higher than that in normal thymus tissue;4 CpG sites were methylated detected by bisulfite sequencing PCR in normal thymus tissue, however, 1 CpG site was methylated in thymic lymphoma tissue,the CpG islands in promoter region of Kras gene were demethylation state in thymic lymphoma. Conclusion Ionizing radiation can cause the changes of mRNA and protein expression levels of Kras gene in thymic lymphoma tissue by demethylation state of Kras gene,eventually lead to the occurrence of tumor;it might be one of the mechanisms for the occurrence of radiation carcinogenesis.