AIM: To investigate the hypothesis that low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) regulates in vitro cytotrophoblast invasiveness and production of metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinas-2 (TIMP-2). METHODS: Chorionic villi tissue of normal 6-8 weeks pregnancy was obtained. Trophoblastic cells were collected by trypsin-collagenase digestion and Percoll gradient centrifugation. The cytotrophoblastic cells were cultured for 24 h and divided into 4 groups according to the concentrations (1.0×10~2 IU/L, 1.0×10~3 IU/L or 1.0×10~4 IU/L) of LMWH adding into the medium. The contents of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in cell culture supernatants were measured by the method of ELISA. Cytotrophoblast invasiveness was determined by Transwell chamber assay. RESULTS: With the increasing concentrations of LMWH, the invasion activity of cytotrophoblastic cells and MMP-2 secretion were increased. At concentration of 1.0×10~3IU/L, LMWH greatly enhanced cytotrophoblast invasiveness and the expression of MMP-2 (P<0.05). The levels of TIMP-2 were decreased after intervention with LMWH. At concentration of 1.0×10~3IU/L or 1.0×10~4 IU/L, LMWH induced a significant decrease in TIMP-2 expression. No significant difference between group 1×10~3IU/L and group 1.0×10~4 IU/L was observed (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: LMWH might regulate cytotrophoblast invasiveness in vitro by influencing the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in cytotrophoblastic cells.

Objective To analyze the features of onset, clinical pathological characteristics about the primary bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma.Methods From January 1990 to June 2015, we retrospectively reviewed the data from 15 patients diagnosed as primary bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma, including 10 male patients and 5 female patients.Their mean age was 58 years old, ranged from 41 to 78 years old.Among the fifteen patients, the initial symptoms included hematuria in 13 cases, lower abdominal pain in 1 case and urinary irritation symptom in 1 case.The ultrasound and CT scan revealed bladder tumors, which the size ranged from 2 to 6 cm.The location of bladder tumors included front wall in 12 cases, trigone zone in 2 cases and top wall in 1 case.Nine cases was suspected as tumor from urachal remnants.Eleven patients underwent partial cystectomy, three patients accepted the radical cystectomy and one case accepted transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).Result Pathological diagnosis was bladder mucinous adenocarcinoma in all patients, including nine from urachal remnant and the others from urothelimn.The tumor exhibited the mushroom liked prominence, which was associated with surface ulceration and infiltrated into the depth of bladder.Meanwhile, it was covered with thick mucinous substances.The histologic examination revealed the presence of andenoid structure, composed by various degree of diferenfiated mucinous cells.In cases with adenocarcinomas from urachus, the residue of urachal tissue could be noticed.The bladder mucous was intact or ulcerated.No sign of metaplasia was observed.In the pathological diagnosis, the classification included grade Ⅲ in 3 cases, grade Ⅱ in 7 cases and grade Ⅰ in 5 cases.Ten persons reported the information of the follow up.Eight of them, whose tumor originated from urachus, accepted bladder-sparing surgery.One died from acute myocardial infarction after 23 months postoperatively.And one died from cerebral hemorrhage 45 months postoperatively.The others have been followed up from 8 to 65 months with no sign of recurrence.In two cases with urothelial carcinoma, one was found the new urothelial carcinoma 50 months after TURBT and one died from cancer metastasis 29 months after partial cystectomy.Conclusions Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the bladder possess the relatively high malignant tendency.The hematuria is the main initial symptoms.The histologic examination revealed the presence of different differentiated mucinous cells and formed the andenoid structure.The case with urachal remnant adenocarcinoma has the better prognosis than other types.

Objective To explore the clinical application of adaptive support ventilation (ASV) in elderly patients with acute respiratory failure.Methods A total of 46 mechanically ventilated patients aged over 65 years with acute respiratory failure admitted from January 2013 to June 2015 were enrolled.Comparison between the ASV mode and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) mode was carried out in respects of the impacts of both modes on respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, oxygen availability and comfort rate.Results Difference between ASV and SIMV in respiratory rate was [(20.84 ±4.04) vs.(24.50 ±4.60) cycles/min, t =4.04, P ＜0.05], in inspiratory resistance was [(13.24 ±4.76) vs.(16.54±5.25) cmH2O/ (L·s), t=3.16, P＜0.05], in mean airway pressure was [(13.58±2.58) vs.(16.63 ±1.57) mmHg, t =6.84, P＜0.05], in peak airway pressure was [(25.96 ± 3.69) vs.(27.87 ± 2.45) mmHg, t =2.92, P ＜ 0.05], and tidal volume was [(378.41 ± 85.61) vs.(341.52 ± 86.84) mL, t =2.05, P ＜ 0.05], and comfort rate of patients was increased in ASV mode.There were no statistically significant differences in arterial oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide partial pressure, lactate, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure between the two modes (PP ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with the synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation mode, the adaptive support ventilation mode can improve the respiratory mechanics and can increase the comfort rate in the elderly patients with mechanical ventilation.

BACKGROUND: The graft versus host disease (GVHD) is the main reason for allogeneic hematopeic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) failure, and oral tolerization is a newly developed treating method.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inhibition effect of acute GVHD induced by feeding donors with recipient splenocytes orally before allo-HSCT in a murine model and to compare the immune tolerance with immunosupression agents currently used in clinical treatment.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized grouping design of contrast observation was performed at the Center Laboratory of School of Medicine, Southeast University in December 2008.MATERIALS: The male C57BL/6J(H-2~b) mice were served as donors, and the female (BALB/C) mice (H-2~d) were served as recipients.METHODS: The mice were prepared allo-HSCT/GVHD models, and divided into 5 groups, which received prevent scheme. ①Oral tolerization group: C57BL/6J mice were fed with BALB/C (H-2~d) splenocytes before the transplantation, with dose of 10 μg per time, 1 day interval, for 3 times. ②Rapamycin group: mice were intragastric administrated rapamycin from the 1st after transplantation with dose of 1.5 mg/(kg·d). ③Ciclosporin A+ methotrexate group: mice were intragastric administrated ciclosporin A with 1.5 mg/(kg·d), increased to 5 mg/(kg·d) when mice were recovered the gastrointestinal function, and received intragastric administrated 0.4 mg/(kg·d) methotrexate at days 1, 3, 6 and 11 after transplantation. ④Blank control group: no medication after transplantation. ⑤Irradiation group: mice were received no transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The presence of GVHD after allo-HSCT, and the difference of immune tolerance index.RESULTS: Typical GVHD symptoms occurred in all mice after transplantation. In the blank control group, most mice dead at days 14-18 and the mortality was nearly 100%. Compared to the blank control group, the symptoms were significantly ameliorated and the median survival times were extended in the other 3 transplantation groups (P < 0.05). The pathological structures in liver, intestine and skin tissue in the oral tolerization group were significantly decreased. Flow cytometry assay showed that oral tolerization significantly increased the CD4~+/CD8~+ lymphocyte ratio and the percentage of the CD4~+CD25~+ cells.Oral tolerization also induced the decrease of GVHD-related cytokine level. The MTT results also showed that the immunologic tolerance in the oral tolerization group was significantly enhanced and the proliferation of lymphocyte was suppressed.CONCLUSION: Oral tolerization has obviously inhibitory effect towards GVHD after allo-HSCT, its exact mechanism may be due to the suppressing the proliferation of lymphocyte and increase the immunologic tolerance in recipients. Compared to the widely used immunosuppressive drugs, oral tolerization exhibits strong ability in ameliorating GVHD.

The implantation of endovascular stents is currently one of the main treatments for cardiovascular occlusion diseases. However, the problem of arterial restenosis after implantation has not been completely solved. It has been well documented that the disturbed local blood flow and abnormal flow environment due to the deployment of the stent is one of the major causes of restenosis. Based on the principle of swirling flow in the arterial system, in this research, a spiral flow guider for endovascular stent was proposed to induce the blood flow in the stent to rotate. Then a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was employed to optimize the design of the guider. The numerical simulation showed that the optimized guider could create sufficiently strong spiral flow that, we believe, can efficiently subdue the adverse disturbance to blood flow by the stent so that the arterial restenosis due to the stent implantation might be suppressed.
Arteries ; physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; physiology ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Prosthesis Design ; methods ; Pulsatile Flow ; Shear Strength ; Stents ; adverse effects

Objective: To compare the protective effect of various preparations from Tiaogan Lipi prescription on mouse ethanol hepatic injury.Methods:The hepatic injury model of mice was replicated with ethanol.Comparing with Fufang Biejia Ruan’gan prescription,three preparations from Tiaogan Lipi prescription were administrated for protecting the hepatic injury.The contents of AST,ALT,CHOL and TG in serum and the MDA and SOD in liver tissue were tested.The pathological changes of the liver had been evaluated.Results:Three preparations from Tiaogan Lipi reduces the level of ASTALTCHOL TG,lowers the content of MDA(P

Objective To assess the quality of international studies on using aldosterone to renin activity ratio (ARR) to diagnose primary aldesteronism. Methods We searched the Cachrane Library (1962-2007.12), PubMed(1970-2007.12) ,VIP(1989-2007.12) ,Wan Fang database(1982-2007.12) ,CBMdisc(1978 -2007.12) systematically. Language was limited to Chinese and English. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies(QUADAS) was used to assess the quality of induced diagnostic studies by two reviewers inde-pendently. Results Fourteen studies were included and assessed. We found that most of the studies were not met with QUADAS items. Nine studies didn't chose correct cases that included miscellaneous cases and confused ca-ses. Eight studies didn't describe internalized or exclusive references clearly. The gold standard in three studies could not discriminate whether the diagnosis of patients was confirmed or not. Thirteen studies did not use blind trial to compare the diagnostic test and the gold standard. Conclusions The studies using ARR to diagnose pri-mary aldesteronism should be improved in patients selection, the gold standard selection, comparison of blind trial and bias control.

AIM:To study the expression of Jagged 2/Notch3 signaling molecules in pulmonary vascular wall of pulmonary hypertensive rats induced by monocrotaline .METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (C group,n=15), solvent control group (S group,n=15) and monocrotaline model groups (M group,n=15).The model of pulmonary hypertension was established by a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (50 mg/kg).The rats in S group were given a single subcutaneous injection of the same dose of solvent .After 4 weeks, the pulmonary vascular remodeling was assessed by HE staining , and the mean pulmonary artery pressure ( mPAP) and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were determined by right heart catheterization .The expression of Jagged2/Notch3 /Hes5 molecules in the pulmonary vascular wall was detected by immunohistochemical method and real -time PCR.RESULTS:Compared with S group and C group , the percentage of medial wall thickness of smaller arteries in model group increased significantly (P<0.01).The levels of mPAP and RVSP in M group were significantly higher than those in S group and C groups (P<0.01).The results of real-time PCR showed that the expression of Jagged 2, Notch3 and Hes5 was significantly increased in M group compared with S group and C group .The data from immunohistochemical detection indicated that Jagged 2 mainly expressed in the intima of small lung artery , Notch3 and Hes5 mainly expressed in the medial smooth muscle cells .Com-pared with S group and C group , the expression of Jagged 2 and Notch3 was significantly increased in the lung small arteries of M group.CONCLUSION:The activation of Jagged2/Notch3 signaling pathway might play an important role in the for-mation of pulmonary hypertension .

Objective: To investigate the expression of ERG, Fli-1, CD34, CD31 and factor Ⅷ-related antigen(FⅧRAg) in hepatic malignant vascular tumors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 63 cases of primary hepatic malignant vascular tumors and 31 cases of hepatic other malignant spindle cell tumors collected during January 1986 to January 2014. EnVision method was used to detect the expression of ERG, Fli-1, CD34, CD31, FⅧRAg. Results: Sixty-three cases of malignant vascular tumors, including 24 cases of angiosarcoma, 38 cases of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and 1 case of hepatic Kaposi′s sarcoma. All of the cases were positive for ERG(100.0%, 63/63). Positive rate of Fli-1, CD34, CD31, FⅧRAg was 96.8% (61/63), 87.3% (55/63), 81.0% (51/63) and 41.3% (26/63), respectively. In other hepatic malignant spindle cell tumors, the positive rate of ERG, Fli-1, CD34, CD31 and FⅧRAg was 3.2% (1/31), 19.4% (6/31), 19.4% (6/31), 9.7%(3/31) and 3.2%(1/31), respectively.The sensitivity of ERG, Fli-1, CD34, CD31, FⅧRAg was 100.0%, 96.8%, 87.3%, 81.0% and 41.3%, respectively.The specificity was 96.8%, 80.6%, 80.6%, 90.3% and 96.8%, respectively. Conclusion ERG is a more sensitive and specific diagnostic marker for hepatic malignant vascular tumors in comparison to Fli-1, CD34, CD31 and FⅧRAg.

objective To investigate the epidemiological and molecular typing features of the pathogenic Haemophilus influenzae(H.influenzae)by biotyping,serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).Methods A total of 273 invasive isolates of H influenzae were collected from the pediatric patients with pneumonia at Chengdu Children Hospital of Sichuan province from 1988 and 2004 to 2007.The idenbfication of H.influenzae strains were done according to the laboratory standard methodology described by Manual of Clinical Microbiology(American).All strains were biotyped according to Kilian's classification with the API[R]NH system.And serotyped by a slide agglutination assay with type a to f specific antlaerum as described by Pittman.PCR method for identification of H.influenzae were performed as described by Falla.One hundred of 273 strains were analyzed by PFGE as described by Saito with some modifications.The resuIts of PFGE were analyzed by Bionumerics soft(Version 4.0,Applied Maths BVBA,Belium).Restilts 78.2%of 273 cases occurred under 1 years old.Eight biotypes were found among the 273 H.influenzae isolates.17.6%(48/273)of all isolates belonged to biotype Ⅰ,43.6%(119/273)were biotype Ⅱ,22.7%(62/273)were biotype Ⅲ,7.3%(20/273)were biotype Ⅳ,5.9%(16/273)were biotype Ⅴ,0.4%(1/273)were biotype Ⅵ,1.8%(5/273)were biotype Ⅶ and 0.7%(2/273)were biotype Ⅷ.respeetively.99.6% of all 273 isolates were nontypeable.There was only one isolate was serotvpe f Ninty-six PFGE genotypes were obtained in this study.One hundred strains demonstrated a variety of genomic Datterns by PFGE.The most isolates of the flame PFGE genotype(type 35)was 3 isolates.Each of93 PFGE genotypes was represented by only a single isolate.The genotypes distribution didn't correlate with the time distribution of the strains were isolated.Conclusion Nontypeable H.influenzae primarily caused acute Dneumoma in children under 1 years old.They mostly belonged to biotype Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ biotypes.The nontypeable H.influenzae strains appeared to more heterogeneous patterns by PFGE genotyping.Genotyping may helP understand the molecular characteristics of outbreak and endemicity according to the results of PFGE.PFGE genotyping proved to have a much stronger discriminatory power than either serotyping or biotyping.Our findings suggest that PFGE analysis is useful for the epidemiologieal study of H.influenzae infections.