Cytochrome P450 is the very most important enzyme of drug metabolism.It involves in biotransformation of various endogenous and exogenous compounds,especially for clinical drugs.There are many polymorphisms of gene and phenotype,resulting in significant individual variability of different kinds of compounds.This article reviews the genetic polymorphisms of CYP,the characters and clinical meanings of diverse subgroups that relevant to drug metabolism in recent years.The major object of this article is reasonably explaining and predicting the interaction of clinical drugs and the drug adverse reaction in order to providing scientific evidences for the individual administration in clinic.

Objective The aim of this study was to establish a mouse model of chronic Parkinson ' s disease in-duced by systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide plus 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP), and to study the changes of behavioral manifestation , numbers of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta . Methods Twenty C57BL mice were randomly divided into 2 groups:the saline control group and model group .The mice in the model group received three intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of LPS (0.25 mg/kg), once daily for three consecutive days.Four hours following the final LPS injection , the mice received one subcutaneous injection of low-dose MPTP (25 mg/kg).The mice of control group were injected with the same volume of saline .Eight weeks later, the motor ability of the mice was evaluated by footprint test and rotarod test .The tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH)-positive cells were observed by immu-nohistochemical analysis .Results Compared with the control group , the scores of behavioral test were significantly lower , numbers of TH immunoreactive cells were significantly less in the Parkinson ' s model group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions Behavioral manifestation ,number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are significantly changed in the mouse models of Parkinson ' s disease produced by repeated injection of LPS plus MPTP , suggesting that this chronic animal model can be used in the experimental study for pathogenesis and therapy of Parkinson ' s disease .

Objective To observe the effect of Tongbi Prescription on pathomorphological changes of ankles in adjuvant arthritis rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group,model control group,three Tongbi Prescription treated group (respectively with high-,mid-and low-dosages),Tripterygium glycosides treated group (each n=10). Except for the rats of normal control group,the others were injected with Freund’s complete adjuvant. The pathomorphological changes of ankles of each group were measured. Results The pathomorphological changes of high-and mid-dosages Tongbi Prescription treated group and Tripterygium glycosides treated group were lightened than those of model control group obviously (P

Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an important role in several pathological processes of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the effects of XCT790, a potent and selective inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), on rat VSMCs proliferation and related signal pathways were investigated. The proliferative activity of VSMCs was determined by CCK-8 assay. The mRNA levels of ERRalpha, PGC-1alpha, OPN and MCAD were assayed by RT-PCR. The protein levels of ERRalpha, ERK2 and p-ERK1/2 were evaluated by Western blotting. ELISA was used to assess the protein expression of VEGF. The results showed that XCT790 (5-20 micromol x L(-1)) inhibited rat VSMCs proliferation, and the expression of ERRalpha and its target genes, as well as p-ERK1/2, were also inhibited. XCT790 inhibited VSMCs proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at the dose range from 5 to 20 micromol x L(-1) and in a time-dependent manner at the dose range from 10 to 20 micromol x L(-1). These findings demonstrate that XCT790 inhibits rat VSMCs proliferation by down-regulating the gene level of ERRalpha and thus inhibiting the ERK signal pathway, suggesting that ERRalpha may be a novel potential target for therapeutic approaches to inhibit VSMCs proliferation, which plays an important role in several cardiovascular diseases.

0.05)except that the tmax of the testing preparation was faster than that of the control drug.The relative bioavailability of the testing drug was(93.83?15.21)%.CONCLUSION:The AUC0～24,AUC0～∞and Cmax of 2 preparations are similar,but there is a significant difference in tmax.

As the specific endangered medicinal plant in Xinjiang, resources and distribution of Ferula sinkiangen-sis are important for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development of Chinese medicine resources. The spa-tial distribution and resources of F. sinkiangensis were researched based on low altitude remote sensing and sample investigation. The results showed that the optimum working time for F. sinkiangensis monitoring by low altitude remote sensing was the nearby 5 hills, which covered about 0.88 km2. It was suggested that the fence area should be expanded for protection. According to the results of low altitude remote sensing, the amount of F. sinkiangensis in yellow (diameter exceeding 0.3 m) was about 3 191. However, the sample investigation on amount of F. sinkiangensis in yellow (diameter exceeding 0.3 m) was about 2 752. The error between them was 14%. The monitoring time and range for F. sinkiangensis by low altitude remote sensing were also ensured. It was concluded that low altitude re-mote sensing had the advantage of quickly receiving distribution situation of F. sinkiangensis, which can effectively evaluate dynamic changes of F. sinkiangensis in Xinjiang.

Objective To explore the reconstructive methods of benign bone tumor defects in proximal joint. Methods Operative treatment was performed in 11 cases with benign bone tumor defects in proximal joint, a-mong whom 4 cases were treated by curettage,cauterization of wall and bone grafting,3 cases were treated by filling branch through segment fibula transplantation with vascular,2 cases were treated by fibula head transplantation with vascular to reconstruct the glenohumeral joint and rediocarpal joint, and 2 cases were treated by artificial joint re-placement. Results The follow-up ranged from 1.5 to 6 years. All of cases got excellent bone unioned without re-lapse and 2 cases of them developed with little limitation in joint function. Conclusion The importance and recon-structive achievement of fibula transplantation in treating the benign bone tumor defects in proximal joint should be thought fully. The indication of artificial tumor prosthesis replacement should be strictly mastered.

Objective To analyze the related risk factors for Lisfranc injury resulting from low energy violence.Methods A retrospective study was performed for 61 cases (35 males,26 females) with low-energy foot injury hospitalized from June 2008 to June 2014.Mean age was 36.7 years (range,16-57 years).Fall injuries were noted in 24 cases,sports injuries in 21 cases,and twist injuries in 16 cases.The cases were divided into Lisfranc injury group(n =23) and non-Lisfranc injury group (n =38) according to the different diagnosis.Univariate analysis and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors that may lead to the occurrence of Lisfranc injury including age,gender,body mass index,operation history,smoking,alcohol abuse,injury reason,medial depth of the mortise/ second metatarsal length (b/a),lateral depth of the mortise/ second metatarsal length (c/a),first metatarsal-to-talus angle,first intermetatarsal angle,second metatarsal length/foot length(a/g),calcaneal inclination angle and cuboid-navicular overlap/cuboid vertical height (e/e + f).Results Univariate analysis showed between-group differences were significant in age (x2 =7.385,P ＜0.05),injury reason (x2 =8.663,P ＜ 0.05),calcaneal inclination angle (t =3.958,P ＜ 0.05),b/a (t =5.051,P ＜ 0.05) and a/g(t =4.618,P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis identified b/a(OR =1.036,95 ％ CI 0.018-0.450,P ＜ 0.01) and a/g(OR =1.013,95％ CI 0.005-0.374,P ＜ 0.01) as independent risk factors for low-energy Lisfranc injury.Conclusion Low-energy Lisfranc injury is independently associated with b/a and a/g,and may relate to the decreased medial depth of the mortise and increased foot length.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the new management model of the hospital pharmacy established by application of vender managed inventory (VMI) model. METHODS:Concerned about the implementation of VMI model,its effects and prob-lems,new management model of hospital pharmacy were described after the hospital cooperated with two suppliers. The hospital is mainly in charge of the management and application of pharmaceutical staff and equipment,drug capital flow,and the selection and optimization of drug use list;focus on the training of pharmaceutical talents;improve drug quality management,pharmaceuti-cal administration,pharmaceutical care and rational drug use. Two suppliers are mainly in charge of drug logistics,and the alloca-tion of servicer,software and hardware(as automatic medicine dispensing machine);share logistic cost of supply chain. Drug in-formation flow was established by both hospital and supplier. RESULTS:After cooperation,pharmaceutical staff,related equip-ment and inventory cost(floating capital decreased by 10 million yuan each month)were decreased,and the efficiency of distribu-tion improved;the error rate of drug dispensing in outpatient pharmacy were decreased (decreasing from 0.39‰ to 0.12‰) after the establishment of automatic pharmacy. The establishment of early warning system for abnormal patients flowrate in pharmacy window shortened the time of getting medicine,and improved service level and satisfactory degree of patients (increasing from 84.91% to 93.62%). CONCLUSIONS:New management model of hospital pharmacy based on VMI model provides reference for public hospital reform and hospital-enterprise cooperation under New Medical Reform.

Objective:To observe the effect of Jieyu Anmian prescription of Chinese medicine foot bath on gastrointestinal function in patients with digestive system tumor during perioperative period.Methods:A total of 130 patients with digestive system tumors were chosen from January 2019 to March 2020 for the first time visits to the first hospital of lanzhou university for surgical treatment, 15 cases lost follow-up, and the rest 115 cases of patients were divided into the experimental group (59 cases) and the control group (56 cases) according to random number table method. The control group using conventional care method, the experimental group was treated with Jieyu Anmian washing formula on the basis of routine nursing care for 10 days. During the foot bath, the recovery of gastrointestinal function, the time of the first exhaust and defecation, the length of stay, the cost of stay and the satisfaction of patients were compared between the two groups.Results:The recovery time of bowel sounds, anal exhaust time and first defecation time of the experimental group were all earlier than those of the control group (16.21±11.81) h, (19.64±12.40) h and (41.98 ±19.16) h, respectively, while those of the control group were (27.34±31.47) h, (35.81±18.26) h and (34.47±16.41) h, respectively. The differences were statistically significant ( t value was -2.41, -5.33, 2.17, P< 0.05). The results of the survey of patient satisfaction showed that the experimental group was superior to the control group, with 97.47 ± 4.37 in the experimental group and 94.19 ± 3.29 in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( t value was 3.89, P<0.01). The satisfaction of doctors in the experimental group was 97.41 ± 6.25 and 94.21±5.91 in the control group, with statistically significant difference ( t value was 3.95, P<0.05). The satisfaction of nurses in the experimental group was 97.58 ± 4.53 and 93.85±5.23 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 4.12, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of length of stay and hospitalization expenses ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Jieyuanmian prescription of Chinese medicine foot bath can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, promote the exhaust and defecation, and improve the satisfaction of patients and nurses.