Cytochrome P450 is the very most important enzyme of drug metabolism.It involves in biotransformation of various endogenous and exogenous compounds,especially for clinical drugs.There are many polymorphisms of gene and phenotype,resulting in significant individual variability of different kinds of compounds.This article reviews the genetic polymorphisms of CYP,the characters and clinical meanings of diverse subgroups that relevant to drug metabolism in recent years.The major object of this article is reasonably explaining and predicting the interaction of clinical drugs and the drug adverse reaction in order to providing scientific evidences for the individual administration in clinic.

AIM: To establish the HPLC fingprint spectrum of Radix Arnebiae as identification. METHODS: HPLC fingerprint spectrum of Radix Arnebiae collected from the seven production places and that of Radix Lithospermi from three production places were evaluated based on shikonin content. RESULTS: The major features of HPLC fingerprint of the seven production places were approximately similar to control sample there was no significant difference among the contents but Radix Lithospermi from three production places were not the same. CONCLUSION: The HPLC fingerprint spectrum of Radix Arnebiae can be used as an identification.It may provide the basis for quality control of Radix Arnebiae.

Objective To study the effect of new barrel theory in improving evaluation of hospitalized patients. Methods Eight hundred hospitalized patients from September 2012 to August 2013 were randomized equally into the control group and the observation group.The last one or two items affecting patient satisfaction from the control group were used as objectives to be improved.Causal effect analysis was done pertinent to the items and the worksheet was bettered and improved and then enforced.The two groups were compared after intervention with new barrel theory in terms of satisfaction of patients during admission and discharge. Result The satisfaction of patients in the observation group during admission and discharge was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The new barrel theory used to detect the flaws in nursing service and improve the workflow can improve assessment from the patients so that the management quality can be enhanced.

BACKGROUND:Side population(SP)cells,with varied contents,are widely distributed in adult tissues,embryos,and certain tumor cells.Haematological tumor is one of the main pathological conditions,which endangers human life.Thus,it is important to recognize SP cells in haematological tumor cell lines.OBJECTIVE:To identify whether hematologic tumor cell lines contain SP cells,and to explore a stable detection and separation methods.METHODS:Cells with the characteristics of stem cells being capable of fluorescent dye Hoechst33342 were isolated by flow cytometry;whether there were SP cells in logarithmic growth period of NB4,Raji,K562/ADM and K562 or not were detected.After sorting K562 subpopulations,the purity of sorted cells was detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After Hoechst33342 staining,flow cytometry results showed that the SP cells appeared in the haematological tumor NB4,Raji,K562/ADM and K562 cell lines,which accounted for 0.8%,2.7%,1.3% and 2.7%,respectively.These cells could be blocked by Verapamil.The purity was greater after a second detection of SP and Non SP cells in K562 cells.

Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an important role in several pathological processes of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the effects of XCT790, a potent and selective inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha), on rat VSMCs proliferation and related signal pathways were investigated. The proliferative activity of VSMCs was determined by CCK-8 assay. The mRNA levels of ERRalpha, PGC-1alpha, OPN and MCAD were assayed by RT-PCR. The protein levels of ERRalpha, ERK2 and p-ERK1/2 were evaluated by Western blotting. ELISA was used to assess the protein expression of VEGF. The results showed that XCT790 (5-20 micromol x L(-1)) inhibited rat VSMCs proliferation, and the expression of ERRalpha and its target genes, as well as p-ERK1/2, were also inhibited. XCT790 inhibited VSMCs proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at the dose range from 5 to 20 micromol x L(-1) and in a time-dependent manner at the dose range from 10 to 20 micromol x L(-1). These findings demonstrate that XCT790 inhibits rat VSMCs proliferation by down-regulating the gene level of ERRalpha and thus inhibiting the ERK signal pathway, suggesting that ERRalpha may be a novel potential target for therapeutic approaches to inhibit VSMCs proliferation, which plays an important role in several cardiovascular diseases.

To obtain the optimal preparation technology of Fang-bing nasal inhalant from components of traditional Chinese medicine by central composite design, with an apparatus containing nasal inhalant that simulated the expiration and inspiration of nose, the dissolution in vitro of different optimized inhalant samples designed through central composite design were investigated. The accumulative release of linalool, borneol, menthol was detected with GC. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the conditions of preparation technology by establishing multiple linear regression and second-order quadratic models. Then, deviation was carried out through comparing the observed and predicted values. It was showed that the coefficient of correlation of second-order quadratic model was high. The related coefficient reached 0.999 3, 0.998 0, 0.944 9, separately. The optimum conditions of preparation technology were as following: 84.39% of alcohol concentration, the weight of starch 1.45 g and the weight of carmellose sodium (CMC-Na for short) 1.22 g. The deviations between observed and predicated values showed -0.36%, 1.52%, 2.40%, separately. In this experiment, the established model can describe the good relation between factors and indexes from preparation technology of Fang-bing nasal inhalant and the outcome of prediction is well. This optimal Fang-bing nasal inhalant was used to study its in vivo effect on model rats deprived from sleep and showed sedative and sleep aiding, which will bring an instruction on inhalants of components from traditional Chinese medicine.

AIM: To observe the supplementation action of the crude and processed Epimedium Sapittatum Maxim. METHODS: The effects of different extracts of Epimedium Sagittatum Maxim. on the castrated mice were observed. RESULTS: The aqueous and alcohol extracts of the crude and processed Epimedium Sagittatum maxim. showed same marked inhibition on atrophy of castrated mice. CONCLUSION: The crude and processed Epimedium Sagittatum maxim. both have the supplementation action and show no marked difference in action.

Objective To observe CT findings of progressive muscular dystrophy(PMD)and to evaluate the diagnostic value of CT.Methods 100 healthy person were selected to measure the muscular density with CT including musculi of neck,back,waist,buttocks and legs,the density of musculi of back,waist,buttocks,and legs in 15 cases with PMD evaluated by comparative study.Results The arerage attenuation value of muscle in 100 healthy adults was 55 HU,while the musculi in the patients with PMD appeared atrophy,fatty degeneration and observable low CT attenuation value.Conclusion CT has important value in diagnosing PMD and help to guide the accurate localizations for biopsies.

0.05)except that the tmax of the testing preparation was faster than that of the control drug.The relative bioavailability of the testing drug was(93.83?15.21)%.CONCLUSION:The AUC0～24,AUC0～∞and Cmax of 2 preparations are similar,but there is a significant difference in tmax.

Objective To apply Plato analysis method to clinical cases which were reported from clinical nursing, finding out the key link of the risks which were related to the cases:the key age, the key period, the key spectrum of disease and the key projects, etc. To carry out the feedforward control of the quality of care, and ensure the quality and safety of nursing. Methods A database were set up including clinical special cases, high-risk cases, security hidden danger cases and emergency cases. Thetwo eightprinciple of Plato analysis method was used to find out the main factors, the principal contradiction, the key hazard and the key problems of the cases, etc. The aim was to provide guidelines of risk analysis, risk prevention and risk aversion for nurses, and improve their consciousness of security hidden danger, and reduce security hidden danger cases. Results The results of 207 cases collected from 2014 to 2015 showed that the main risks involved the age groups were 41-80 years old and 21-30 years old. The major risks involved the spectrum of disease were the nervous system, cardiovascular disease, surgical anesthesia related problems, kidney disease, cancer and respiratory system. The major risks involved the time were the midnight, morning and afternoon. The major risks involved the locations were sickroom, emergency room, auxiliary inspection departments and outpatient. The major risks involved items were disease mutation, psychological problems, medication safety and instrument safety, among the disease mutation, timely discovered, rescued 13 patients with heart and breathing pause, stop 13 patients who attempted suicide. Since the Plato analysis method was applied to identify the security risks of the clinical cases, the number of falling, all kinds of pipe shed, skin problems and suicides were decreased from 6, 6, 7, 5 in 2014 to 2, 2, 2, 1 in 2015, declining trend year by year. Conclusions Applying the Plato analysis method to identify the security risks of the clinical cases which can find out the main problems of cases and improve nursing quality and management efficiency.