Objective To assess the diagnostic value of the single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD), and to explore the correlation between cerebral atrophy and cerebral regional blood flow and the degree of cognitive impairment in AD patients. Methods The temporal and frontal lobes and hippocampus were quantitatively detected by MRI and the cerebral regional blood flow in these regions was analysed semi-quantitatively by SPECT for 36 patients with AD, 32 with VD and 30 sex-matched non-demented elderly controls (NC). Results The hippocampal atrophy of AD and VD groups detected on MRI was significantly different from that of the NC group. Left hippocampal height was (9.27?3.43)mm in AD, (11.62?5.72)mm in VD and (12.13?2.97)mm in NC(P0.05, compared to that of NC), showing that hippocampal atrophy could not be detected by MRI. However, RAR of the left hippocampus by SPECT detection was 0.61?0.07 (P

Objective To study the mirror writing in elderly patients with senile dementia and vascular dementia. Methods Thirty-three senile dementia patients and 30 vascular dementia patients were studied. Age- and education-matched 63 healthy elder people were included in control groups. Ten items for determination of handedness, Mini Mental Status Examination(MMSE), Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) and the written language of Chinese Aphasia Examination Scale(draft) were adopted to examine all patients. Hachinski Ischemic Scale was used for differentiation between senile dementia and vascular dementia. Results Seventeen (51.51%) of senile dementia patients and 23 (76.60%) of vascular dementia patients were mirror writiers. In the corresponding control groups, these numbers were found to be 2(6.06%) and 7 (23.30%) respectively. The occurrence rate of mirror writing in senile dementia group and vascular dementia group was markedly higher than in the normal controls(P

Objective: To evaluate feasibility of using European Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002) for nutritional status assessment in primary hospital.Methods: 799 patients were enrolled in this study.697 patients who were according NRS request were assessed using NRS method in hospitalization day.The patient whose NRS scores were higher than 3 were justified under nutritional risk.102 patients who were not according NRS request were assessed by exeamining the serum albumin(ALB) in the next day.The patients whose serum ALB was lower than 35 g/L were justified malnutrition.Results: There were 697 patients could be evaluated by NRS method.Body Mass Index(BMI) was lower than 18.5 in 159(22.8%) cases and NRS scores were ≥3 in 240 cases(34.4 %) among 697 cases.Serum albumin was lower than 35 g/L in 31 (30.4%) cases among 102 cases who could not be evaluated by NRS method because of incapable of standing up(66/102,64.7%) and ascites or hydrothorax(17/102,16.7%) and concomitance of above-mentioned causes(11/102,10.8%) and coma(8/102,7.8%).Conclusion: Assessment of nutritional status of hospitalized patients in primary hospital using NRS2002 method is feasible.The patients who could not be evaluated by NRS 2002 method can be assessed by assaying serum ALB.

Objective:To analyze the podocalyxin (PCX) expression in the kidney and the number of urinary podocytes in different pathological grades of Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN),and to determine whether the number of urinary podocytes reflects the renal damage in HSPN.Methods:Fifty-six children diagnosed with HSPN in our hospital were enrolled in the study and classified into 4 groups by renal pathology:grade Ⅱ (Ⅱa+Ⅱb) (n=10),grade Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb) (n=21),grade Ⅳ (n=16),and grade Ⅴ (n=9).Four kidney autopsy specimens without histomorphologic lesions and 8 urine samples from healthy children served as controls.With immunofluorescence assay,the PCX expression in 4 normal renal tissues and in the renal tissues of the 56 HSPN children was detected and quantitatively analyzed.Positive rate and the number of urinary podocytes were detected in the 8 healthy children and 56 HSPN children.Results:In the renal tissues of the normal control group and grade Ⅱ (Ⅱa+Ⅱb) HSPN group,the PCX expression was complete.The percentage of the PCX positive area out of the total glomerular area in the renal tissues of 2 groups had no significant difference (P＞0.05).In the renal tissues of grade Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb),Ⅳ,and Ⅴ HSPN groups,the PCX expression showed various degrees of loss,decreasing in turn from grade Ⅱ (Ⅱa+Ⅱb),Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb),Ⅳ to Ⅴ,with significant differences between each group (P＜0.01).For HSPN with grade Ⅲ (Ⅲa+Ⅲb) or higher,positive PCX expression was found in the urine,suggesting the presence of enough podocytes in the urine.The percentage of fluorescence positive area out of the total glomerular area of PCX in the renal tissues was negatively correlated with the total number of urinary podocytes (r=-0.637,P＜0.01).Conclusion:Podocyte injury plays a certain role in the pathological progression of HSPN.The urinary detection ofpodocytes can reflect the degrees of pathological damage in HSPN.

Objective:To observe the effect of Gegen Qinlian decoction on high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and interleu-kin-6(IL-6)in serum of the rats with periodontitis and the IL-6 expression level in periodontal tissues.Methods:45 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group N(n =1 0),periodontitis model group P(n =35).After periodontitis model was identi-fied by the examination of 5 rats,the rest rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n =1 0)and treated by gavage of saline(group P0 ), metronidazole(group P1 )and Gegen Qinlian decoction(group P2 )respectively for 4 weeks.Then all the rats were sacrificed.Serum was immediately harvested for the test of serum hs-CRP and IL-6 levels by ELISA.Attachment loss level(AL)was examined by pa-thology.IL-6 expression in periodontal tissues was examined by S-P immunohistochemistry.Results:The inflammation of periodontal tissues in P1 ,P2 were improved more than that in P0 .AL in group P2 were lower than that in other groups(P <0.05).The IL-6 expres-sion in periodontal tissues and the levels of serum hs-CRP and IL-6 of group P2 were lower than those of other groups(P <0.05).Ser-um hs-CRP level was positively correlated with IL-6 level.Conclusion:Gegen Qinlian decoction may inhibit the development of peri-odontitis by depressing the expression of serum hs-CRP and IL-6.

Objective To observe the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) in children with kidney diseases by quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods The tibia/radius bone mineral density(BMD) was checked obtained in 67 cases with childhood kidney diseases treated with glucocorticoid by QUS,BMD was measured in children over the age of 12 by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXEA) ,and BMD was measured with QUS consistency and different stages of osteoporsis were compared.The clinical data of gender, age,body mass index(BMI) ,administration duration and daily dosage of glucocorticoid were analyzed.The association between the duration of glucocorticoid use,and daily dosage of glucocorticoid and the different degrees of BMD was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results Sixty-seven patients(male 45 ,female 22) were divided into 4 groups according to the reference standard of Asian children BMD data provided by Sunlight Company:the normal BMD group(41 cases), the mild osteoporosis group (18 cases), moderate osteoporosis group (5 cases), and severe osteoporosis group (3 cases).Both QUS and DEXA were highly correlated with BMD in patients measured (P ＞ 0.05).The duration of glucocorticoid treatment and daily dosage of glucocorticoid in 3 abnormal BMD groups were all significantly longer and larger than those of the normal BMD group (all P ＜ 0.05).Correlation analysis showed that BMI was positively correlated with the bone mass of the tibia(r =0.395 ,P ＜ 0.01).The duration of glucocorticoid treatment and daily dosage of glucocorticoid were negatively correlated with those of radius BMD(r =-0.474,-0.381 ,all P ＜ 0.01).Analysis showed that both the duration of glucocorticoid,and the daily dosage of glucocorticoid were the risk factors for GIOP.Conclusions QUS is a better method for evaluating of BMD and diagnosing of GIOP compared with DEXA in children.The daily dosage of glucocorticoid and the duration of glucocorticoid treatment are both the risk factors for GIOP.

Objective To investigate anti-ulcerative drug use in patients undergoing arthroscopic operation against stress ulcer. Methosds A total of 297 patients undergoing arthroscopic operation during Jan. to Aug. 2013 in our hospital were recruited and retrospectively analyzed with Excellspreadsheet. Results Among 297 patients in the study, ninety-four patients (31.6%) used AUD before operation, most (94.9%) administered by intravenous, and drug utilization index was 1.35. Ninety-eight point nine patients used proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in which Lansoprazole was prescribed most. Conclusion This study highlights the overuse of PPIs in patients undergoing arthroscopic operation.

Objective:To observe the effect of Gegen Qinlian decoction on serum high sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)expres-sion of rats with periodontitis and atherosclerosis(P-AS).Methods:40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:control group(A,n=1 0),P-AS group(B,n=30).5 rats in group A and B were used for the identification of P-AS model.Then rats with P-AS in group B were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=5)and administered with saline(B1 ),atorvastatin(B2),metronidazole (B3),atorvastatin+metronidazole(B4)and Gegen Qinlian decoction(B5)respectively for 4 weeks.Serum hs-CRP level was assayed by ELISA.Periodontal attachment loss(AL)and artery change were examined by pathology.Results:Serum hs-CRP level in group B1-5 was higher than that of group A(P<0.01 ).Serum hs-CRP level of group B4 and B5 was lower than that of group B1-3(P<0.01 ),B4 vs B5,P>0.05.The inflammation of periodontal tissues in group B2-5 was improved more than that in group B1 .AL in group B4 and B5 were lower than that in other groups(P<0.01 ),B4 vs B5,P>0.05.Histopathological observation of arteries re-vealed that there was no foam cell in group B4 and B5 ,the artery wall in group B4 and B5 was more even and muscle fibers were ar-ranged more regular.Conclusion:Gegen Qinlian decoction may decreas serum hs-CRP expression and depress the development of pe-riodontitis and atherosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the roles of plasma p-tau(~ 181P)protein for clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer′s Disease (AD). Methods Subjects including 23 mild AD(19≤MMSE≤26) and 35 moderate and severe AD(MMSE0.05). Level of p-tau(~ 181P) protein was significantly higher in the moderate and severe AD group(18.3?20.3)ng/L than that in HC( P

Objective To explore the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration in urine and renal vascular damage in children with Henoch Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN).Methods The kidney pathological lesion of 78 biopsy-proven HSPN children was assessed with renal vascular damage, glomerular pathological damage, and tubulointerstitial pathological damage semi-quantitative points. The children were divided into 3 groups (light, medium, and heavy group) according to the renal vascular, glomerular, tubulointerstitial, glomerular and tubulointerstitial total pathological points. Blood and urine vascular endothelial growth factor concentration was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay;the localized renal VEGF expression and microvessel density were detected by immunohistochemistry assay in the kidneys. Results The semi-quantitative points of glomerular, tubulointerstitial, renal vascular, and glomerular and tubulointerstitial total points in different groups had significant difference (all P＜0.01);the minor renal vascular damage, the higher light microvessel density, blood and kidney concentration of VEGF, and the VEGF excretion in the urine were also lower in different groups, and there were significant differences (all P＜0.01). Glomerular points were positively related with tubular points, vascular points, kidney total score (r=0.596,0.612, and 0.728;P＜0.05, 0.05, and 0.01 respectively). Microvessel density was highly positively related with blood VEGF and renal VEGF, and negatively rela-ted with urine VEGF (r=0.601, 0.696, and -0.639,all P＜0.01). Conclusion The urinary excretion of VEGF leads to the decrease of local kidney VEGF concentration resulting in the renal vascular injury, which may be the important reason for renal vascular damage and pathology chronic progress in HSPN children.