A method of solid phase extraction coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( SPE-UPLC/MS/MS) was developed for the determination of 15 phthalate esters. Drinking water samples were concentrated by C18 SPE cartridge. The fifteen phthalate esters were separated on a phenyl column with gradient elution using methanol and water as mobile phases. Multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM) acquisition under positive ion mode was performed. The external matrix standard solutions were used for the quantitative determination. The linear range of Di-n-butyl phthalate was 0. 63-1000 μg/L. The other 14 phthalate esters showed good linearity in the range of 0 . 002-500 μg/L with the correlation coefficients more than 0. 9970. The limits of quantification ( LOQ) were 2. 2-632 ng/L. The spiked recoveries ranged from 81 . 3% to 109%. The relative standard deviations were less than 14%.

Objective To discuss the techniques and efficacy of Ho:YAG laser incision by using uteroscopy for ureterostenosis.Methods From July 2004 to April 2007,52 patients with ureterostenosis received ureteral incision by using Ho:YAG laser under a endoscope.Two double pigtail stents(F5 or F6) were placed in the ureters after the operation and left indwelling for 8 to 12 weeks.Ultrasonography and excretion urography were performed 3 to 6 months after extubation.Results Follow-up was available for 3 to 24 months(mean,17 months) in 46 patients,of which 40(87%) were cured after the treatment.In the cured patients,hydronephrosis,ureteral dilation,and ureterostenosis were improved,and the pain in the kidney region was relieved;none of them showed signs of infection.In the other 6 patients,4 were improved after the treatment(no deterioration of the symptoms of hydronephrosis,ureteral dilation,and pain in the kidney region,and no infection);and 2 failed(the symptoms of hydronephrosis and ureteral dilation deteriorated,and pain in the kidney region and infection were developed).Conclusion Endoscopic ureteral excision using holmium laser combined with indwelling of two double pigtail stents is effective and safe for ureterostenosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine (HCY)levels and oxidative stress in pa-tients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of CHD in 2010 (WS 319-2010)is-sued by the Ministry of Health,79 patients with CHD in Xi’an Central Hospital from June 2014 to December 2014 were se-lected as the experimental group,and 5 5 cases of healthy physical examination for the same period were selected as the nor-mal control group.The levels of oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA)and the activity of antioxidant enzyme su-peroxide dismutase (SOD)in serum were detected to analyze the state of oxidative stress.The levels of serum HCY were de-tected,and the correlation between HCY levels and MDA levels and SOD activity was analyzed.Results The levels of MDA in the CHD group were significantly higher than that in the control group,while SOD activity was significantly lower than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=3.112,2.684,all P<0.05).The levels of HCY in the CHD group were significantly higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=3.268,P<0.05).In the CHD group,the levels of HCY were positively correlated with the levels of MDA (r=0.236,P<0.05),and negatively correlated with SOD activity (r=-0.221,P<0.05).Conclusion Serum HCY levels were increased and oxidative stress reaction was enhanced in patients with CHD.Oxidative stress was associated with elevated serum HCY levels.Serum HCY levels and oxidative stress played an important role in the occurrence and development of CHD.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum HCY (Homocysteine) and carotid artery stenosis,plaque stability in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods 154 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease in Tangdu Hospital were enrolled in the study from June to December 2016.The serum levels of HCY were detected.CT angiography (CTA) was uesd for patients with neck vascular scanning.According to the difference of serum HCY level,patients were divided into 80 cases of high HCY group (observation group) and 74 cases of normal HCY group (control group).The degree of carotid artery stenosis,number and stability of plaque were compared between the two groups and the correlation between serum HCY level and degree of carotid artery stenosis and plaque stability were analyzed.Results The total stenosis rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the moderate stenosis rate and severe stenosis rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with the statistically significant differences (x2 =5.594～ 22.506,all P＜0.05).The levels of serum HCY in mild,moderate and severe stenosis group were 13.16 ± 6.73,15.19± 5.93 and 26.13 ±11.18 μmol/L respectively.The levels of H CY in moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group were significantly higher than that in mild stenosis group,and the levels of HCY in severe stenosis group was significantly higher than that in moderate stenosis group,with the statistically significant differences (t=2.684～ 5.270,all P＜0.01).The rate of carotid plaque in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the differences statistically significant (x2 =25.053,P＜0.01).The rate of unstable plaque and mixed plaque in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the rate of stable plaque was significantly lower than that in the control group (x2 =4.067～ 14.95,all P＜0.05).The levels of serum HCY in stable plaque group,mixed plaque group and unstable plaque group were 16.14±5.49,21.91 ± 6.32 and 26.74 ± 10.59 μmol/L respectively.The levels of HCY in mixed plaque group and unstable plaque group were significantly higher than that in stable plaque group,and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.370,4.628,all P＜0.01).The level of HCY in unstable plaque group was significantly higher than that in mixed plaque group,and the difference was statistically significant (t =2.249,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum HCY levels were closely related to carotid artery stenosis and plaque stability.Hyperhomocysteinemia can increase the incidence and degree of carotid artery stenosis as well as the number of carotid plaques and unstable plaques.

Objective To investigate the correlation between HCY (Homocysteine),folate,vitamin B12 and head and neck vascular stenosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods 225 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease in Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University were enrolled in the study from April 2016 to October 2016.The serum levels of HCY,folate and vitamin B12 were detected.CT angiography (CTA) was uesd for patients with head and neck vascular scanning.According to whether the presence of vascular stenosis,patients were classified as no vessel stenosis group and vascular stenosis group.According to the degree of stenosis,patients were classified as no vascular stenosis group,mild moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group.Results The HCY levels in the vascular stenosis group were significantly higher than no vessel stenosis group,while the levels of folate and vitamin B12 were significantly lower than no vessel stenosis group,the differences were statistically significant (t=9.656,7.140 and 8.350,all P＜0,01).The HCY levels in mild moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group were significantly higher than no vessel stenosis group,and the HCY levels in severe stenosis group were significantly higher than mild moderate stenosis group,the differences were statistically significant (t=6.108,9.401 and 5.273,all P＜0.01).The folate levels in mild moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group were significantly lower than no stenosis group,the differences were statistically significant (t=5.574 and 5.988,all P＜0.01).The vitamin B12 levels in mild moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group were significantly lower than no stenosis group,the differences were statistically significant (t=4.548 and 7.816,all P＜0.01).The degree of head and neck vascular stenosis and serum levels of HCY were positively correlated (r=0.331,P＜0.01).The degree of head and neck vascular stenosis and levels of vitamin B12 were negatively correlated (r=-0.279,P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of HCY,folate and vitamin tB12 were closely related to the degree of head and neck vascular stenosis.HCY,folate,vitamin B12 and head and neck CTA play important roles in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease clinically.

Objective To investigate the relationship between manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD)9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms and the levels of blood lipid and homocysteine (HCY).Methods The genotypes of Mn-SOD 9 Ala/Val ge-netic polymorphisms were identified by sequencing method,the serum activities of T-SOD and Mn-SOD were detected by colorimetric method,the serum level of HCY was detected by enzymatic method,and the serum levels of cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)were de-tected by end-point method in 137 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)and 85 controls.Results Compared with the control group,the VV genotype and V allele of Mn-SOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms in the CHD group were higher, while the serum activities of T-SOD and Mn-SOD in the CHD group was significantly lower.The serum activities of T-SOD and Mn-SOD of the Mn-SOD 9 VV genotype was significantly lower than the Mn-SOD 9 AA genotype.Compared with the Mn-SOD 9 AA genotype,the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HCY of the Mn-SOD 9 VV genotype were significantly higher,while the serum level of HDL-C was significantly lower.The serum activity of Mn-SOD was negativelycorrelated with the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HCY and positively correlated with the serum level of HDL-C.Conclusion The antioxidative ability in patients with CHD was decreased.Mn-SOD 9 Ala/Val genetic polymorphisms led to lipid metab-olism disorders by affecting the Mn-SOD activity,promoting the development of CHD.HCY resulted in increased oxidative substances by self-oxidation and inhibition of the Mn-SOD activity,increasing the risk of CHD.

A method was developed for the determination of four kinds of bisphenolic and halogenated bisphenolic compounds including bisphenol F, bisphenol A, tetrachlorobisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A in human urine using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The analytes was extracted by solid phase extraction. The separation of the analytes was achieved on an Atlantis T3 column (3. 0×150 mm, 3 μm) gradient eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and water at the rate of 250 μL/min, and detected by an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple-reaction-monitoring negative mode. The quantification was carried out by matrix-matched calibration curve. The average recoveries at 3 spiked levels were 86%-118%, with intra-day precision of 2 . 6%-17 . 0% and inter-day precision of 3. 2%-18. 0%. The limits of detection of four analytes (S/N=3) were 0. 01-0. 25 μg/L. The method was applied to the analysis of 200 human urines samples and the results showed that the method was simple, sensitive and reliable.

[Objective]To explore the effect and the possible mechanism of the proteasome inhibitor MG132 on acute T lympho?blastic leukemia cells.[Methods]The influence of different concentrations of MG132 in the viability and proliferation of CCRF-CEM was measured by MTS. Apoptosis rates of CCRF-CEM treated by MG132 were determined by flow cytometry. After being exposed to MG132,the protein levels of FOXO3a in cytoplasm and nucleus were analyzed by Western blotting. qRT-PCR was applied to detect the mRNA of FOXO3a and Puma in cells treated by MG132. Then CCRF-CEM was stably transfected with antisense FOXO3a using Lentivirus infection. We further investigated the effects of MG132 in FOXO3a-shRNA cells and elucidated the mechanisms of FOXO3a and Puma.[Results]MG132 inhibits the proliferation of CCRF-CEM,but has no cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononu?clear cells(PBMC). Cellular apoptosis was induced in cells treated with MG132. At mRNA level,MG132 had no influence on FOXO3a,but increased the expression of Puma. However,MG132 promoted the expression of both FOXO3a and Puma at protein level. Interestingly,the expression of FOXO3a increased very little in cytoplasm. In FOXO3a-shRNA cells the expression of FOXO3a and Puma decreased at protein level. FOXO3a's knockdown attenuated the proliferation inhibition mediated by MG132.[Conclusion]MG132 inhibits the proliferation and promotes to apoptosis of CCRF-CEM. One of the mechanism is that MG132 inhib? its the degradation of FOXO3a,and then activates FOXO3a/Puma pathway.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety between local injection of triamcinolone and oral methylprednisolone in preventing esophageal stricture formation after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients with early esophageal cancer.Methods From January 2014 to January 2016,67 patients with early esophageal cancer were enrolled,all of them received ESD and were divided into triamcinolone injection group (22 cases),oral methylprednisolone group (22 cases) and control group (23 cases).Patients of triamcinolone group received injection of triamcinolone at injured mucosal under endoscope immediately after ESD.Patients of oral methylprednisolone group took methylprednisolone 30 mg per day since the third day after ESD,and then dosage reduced 5 mg every other week until drug withdrawal.Patients of control group only received ESD.After operation,gastroendoscopy examination was repeated to evaluate the extent of esophageal stricture.Patients with esophageal stricture were treated with an additional endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD).The rate of esophageal stricture and the frequency of EBD treatment of the three groups were compared.Chi-square test,Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results The rates of esophageal stricture of triamcinolone injection group,oral methylprednisolone group and control group were 18.2％ (4/22),13.6％0 (3/22) and 73.9％ (17/23),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =22.20,P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the rates of esophageal stricture between triamcinolone injection group and oral methylprednisolone group (x2 =0.17,P=0.50),but the rate of esophageal stricture in triamcinolone injection group was lower than control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =14.03,P＜0.01);the rate of esophageal stricture in oral rnethylprednisolone group was lower than control group,and the difference was also statistically significant (x2 =16.55,P＜0.01).The median frequency of EBD treatment of triamcinolone injection group,oral methylprednisolone group and control group were 2.1 (range 0 to 4.0),1.6 (range 0 to 3.0) and 6.0 (range 0 to 13.0) times,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (H =17.80,P ＜ 0.01).There was nosignificant difference in the frequency of EBD treatment between triamcinolone injection group and oralmethylprednisolone group (Z=1.21,P=0.23);but the frequency of EBD treatment in triamcinolone injection group was less than control group,and the difference was statistically significant (Z=4.96,P＜ 0.01);the frequency of EBD treatment in oral methylprednisolone group was less than control group,and the difference was also statistically significant (Z=4.32,P＜0.01).There was no severe adverse effect in the three groups.Conclusions Local injections of triamcinolone and oral methylprednisolone both reduced the rate of esophageal stricture after ESD,and decreased frequency of EBD treatment in patients with esophageal stricture.The two regimens showed equal efficacy and good safety.

BACKGROUND:Transfusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may become a novel and effective biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the oncological safety of the treatment is worrisome, and is a key to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells can be widely used in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and deserves further investigation. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransfusion against inflammatory bowel disease in mouse models, and to clarify the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on tumorigenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS:Mouse model of colitis was established using Balb/c (H-2d) mice exposed to dextran sulfate sodium. Syngeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transfused into mouse model through caudal vein. The therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells was compared and observed, and pathological remission of colitis was evaluated. Mouse model of colitis-driven colon carcinogenesis was established using Balb/c (H-2d) mice exposed to dextran sulfate sodium and azoxymethane. Tumor formation within the murine colon was compared and observed after transfusion of mesenchymal stem cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In models of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis, weight loss and fecal occult blood were lessened in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellgroup compared with the phosphate buffered saline group. Histological damage score of colitis was less in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellgroup:mucosal structure of distal colon was almost intact under microscope, and there was smal area of epithelial defects and cryptal defects. Inflammatory cellinfiltration, proliferation of capil ary and smal vessels could be observed in mucosa and submucosa. Homing and colonization of mesenchymal stem cells in submucosa of inflamed colon could also be observed by in vivo tracing. In the dextran sulfate sodium/azoxymethane model of colitis-driven colon carcinogenesis, the number of intestinal tumors and tumor load were obviously less in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellgroup than in the control group. Results indicated that transfusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can apparently improve colitis lesions of mice with inflammatory bowel disease and inhibit carcinogenesis of colitis, which may provide theoretical support for the biological safety of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease.