1.Research progress of the selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 agonists.
Yulin TIAN ; Jing JIN ; Xiaojian WANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2012;47(1):7-17
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid signaling molecule that regulates important biological functions in both intracellular and extracellular compartments. It interacts with five G protein-coupled receptors subtypes (S1PR(1-5)) to generate multiple downstream signaling. Activation of S1PR1 has been validated to be involved in the process of immune modulation. Fingolimod (FTY720), the novel S1PR1 agonist, has been approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in clinical trials. The study towards discovery of selective S1PR1 agonists has become hot spot for immunological diseases. This article summarized the research progress of S1PR1 agonists, emphasizing their structure types, structure-activity relationship and direction of development.
2.Endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach
Xiaojian JIN ; Bangyu LU ; Xiaoyong CAI
Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery 2005;0(08):-
Objective To explore the feasibility and advantages of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach.Methods Endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach was performed in 113 cases between August 2002 and May 2005.Preoperative diagnosis included 46 cases of adenoma,62 cases of nodular goiter,and 5 cases of Graves' disease.Results The operation was successfully completed endoscopically in 112 cases,and was converted to conventional thyroidectomy in 1 case because of bleeding.The tumor was 2.3?1.6 cm in diameter(range,0.8~7.0 cm).The operating time was 136.7?58.0 min(range,50~310 min),the intraoperative blood loss was 42.5?62.7 ml(range,10~200 ml),the postoperative drainage volume was 87.1?78.1 ml(range,15~310 ml),the time to resume normal activities was 2.2?0.9 d(range,1~4 d),and the length of postoperative hospital stay was 5.5?1.9 d(range,2~9 d).Out of the 113 cases,analgesic requirement was necessary in 18 cases (15.9%).Postoperative complications occurred in 6 cases,including 2 cases of recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries,1 case of superior laryngeal nerve injuries,1 case of hemorrhage,1 case of hypocalcemia,and 1 case of recurrence of Graves' disease.Pathological results showed 43 cases of thyroid adenoma,58 cases of nodular goiter,5 cases of Graves' disease,3 cases of thyroid cancer,and 4 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Conclusions Endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach is a technically feasible and safe procedure.It can be employed as the first choice for indicated patients.
3.Preventive Analgesic Effect of Preoperative Ketamine in Relieving Postoperative Pain after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Weilin ZHU ; Xuegang ZHANG ; Xiaojian JIN
Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery 2005;0(08):-
Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine in relieving postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods Forty patients undergoing selective LC from July to August 2006 were randomly divided into ketamine group and control group,with 20 patients in each group.Incision pain and non-incision pain was assessed at 1,2,4,6,12,24 h and once each day for the first 3 days postoperatively with visual analogue pain scale(VAS)and sedation scale.Adverse effects and analgesic requirements were recorded.Results Patients in ketamine group had significantly lower scores in incision pain and non-incision pain compared with those of control group(F=22.805,P =0.000;F=18.109,P=0.000).Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was not significantly different(P=1.000)between ketamine(55%)and control group(60%).No significant difference was noticed in analgesic requirements between ketamine group(3 cases)and control group(9 cases)(P=0.082).Conclusions Preoperative administration of ketamine significantly improves postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy,but does not reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
4.Effects of spinal pedicle screw internal fixation at different extraversion angles Biomechanical evaluation
Qun CHEN ; Zhengshuai JIN ; Xiaojian CAO ; Quan JIANG
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2008;12(13):2573-2575
BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that pedicle screw internal fixation influencing factors involve screw structural morphology, thread parameter, bone density, moment size for tightening screw during operation, and depth of screw placement. There is little known about the correlation of pullout strength of spinal pedicle screw with device for transverse traction to extraversion angle. OBJECTIVE: To assess effect of the spinal pedicle screw with device for transverse traction on pullout strength at different extraversion angles. DESIGN: Repeated measurement. SETTING: Center for Bone Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. PARTICIPANTS: This study was performed at Laboratory for Material Mechanics, Hehai University between June and November 2003. A total of 18 adult dried lumbar vertebrae (L1-5) were provided by Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, and recruited for this study. The protocol was approved by the hospital's Ethics Committee. The pedicle screw was made of stainless steel. Each pedicle screw had a diameter of 5.5 nun, total length of 150 nun (thread part 50 into included), and the same thread parameter. Electrical universal material machine (EW type) was provided by Laboratory for Material Mechanics of Hehai University. METHODS: Bone density was measured with a single photon bone density determinator. According to the bone density, the lumbar vertebrae were numbered and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 lumbar vertebrae in each: extraversion angle 5 ° group, extraversion angle 15° group, and extraversion angle 30° group. ① Installation of pedicle screw and clamping apparatus: According to Wein-Stein method, one entry-point was selected at each side of lumbar vertebra, and at the sametime, extraversion angle 5°, 15° ,and 30° were respectively defined for extraversion angle 5° , 15° ,and 30° groups. A 50 mm-depth pinhole was drilled with a drill bit with a diameter of 3.0 nun. Pedicle screw was screwed into 50 nun, and its end part was connected to the device for transverse traction. Spinal vertebrae and the device for transverse traction were fixed with a specially made clamping apparatus. ② Determination of pullout strength and observation of pedicle and vertebral injury: Spinal vertebrae, on which pedicle screw and device for transverse traction were installed, was placed on a EW electrical universal material machine together with clamping apparatus for determining the pullout strength of pedicle screw. Sensor was connected to a computer to draw strength-displacement curve. The wave crest of the curve was considered the maximum pullout strength. At the same time, injuries to pedicle and vertebra caused by pullout of pedicle screw were observed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pullout strength and injuries to pedicle and vertebra. RESULTS:①The mean maximum pullout strength of pedicle screw was respectively 0.878 167, 1.420 333, and 2.154 167 KN for extraversion angle 5° , 15 ° , and 30° groups. There was significant difference among the 3 groups (F = 12.554 22, P < 0.01). ② In the extraversion angle 5° group, 4 patients presented with cortical bone fracture which occurred at the entrance for pedicle screw, and 2 patients presented with fragmentation of junctional zone between pedicle and vertebral posterior edge; In the extraversion angle 15° group, 1 patient presented with cortical bone fracture which occurred at the entrance for pedicle screw, 4 patients presented with fragmentation of junctional zone between pedicle and vertebral posterior edge, and 1 patient presented with vertebral posterior coronal fragmentation; In the extraversion angle 30° group, 1 patient presented with cortical bone fracture which occurred at the entrance for pedicle screw, 2 patients presented with fragmentation of junctional zone between pedicle and vertebral posterior edge, and 3 patients presented with vertebral posterior coronal fragmentation. There was statistical significance in the intergroup rank-sum test (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: During application of pedicle screw with device for transverse traction, proper accrescence of extraversion angle can increase pullout strength of the screw and enhance fixative strength, and excessive extraversion angle easily injures vertebra.
5.Research on new talents training system construction of military undergraduate clinical medicine
Xudong ZHANG ; Zhen BAO ; Jin ZHAO ; Jingong YIN ; Xiaojian DONG
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2015;14(10):981-985
Objective To establish the training objective systems for undergraduates in mili-tary clinical medicine in order to promote the educational reform of military medicine, and to improve the quality of talents training in military medical universities. Methods Literature analysis was made to determine the initial military clinical medical undergraduate training objectives, and a questionnaire was given to experts, on-the-job military doctors, medical graduates to know the real requirements of military doctors' position. A total of 455 valid questionnaires were collected. Then the questionnaire results were discussed and summarized by the method of expert discussion. Finally,. Delphi method was used to determine the ultimate training objective system. Results The ultimate training objective system of military undergraduate clinical medicine contains two aspects, eight fields and sixty-one standards objective systems. Conclusion Organically fusing military medical knowledge, ability and professional quality requirement into two levels and eight modules and clearly understanding the standards and requirements of each module are significantly systematic, advanced and operable, which has important reference value and guiding significance to both the military medical colleges and uni-versities and the local universities.
6.Myeloid-derived suppressor cells-immunotherapy targets in hematological malignancies
Jingjing LIU ; Caibao JIN ; Xiuwen XU ; Xiaojian ZHU ; Li MENG
Journal of International Oncology 2017;44(4):313-316
In recent years, the research hot in the field of solid tumor and blood tumor focuses on the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).In tumors, MDSCs not only exert immunosuppression by inhibiting T cell proliferation, destroying the functions of natural killer cells and recruiting regulatory T cells, but also play non-immunosuppression roles in the promotion of angiogenesis and tumor metastasis.All of these hinder the anti-tumor therapy, and particularly affect the curative effect, which are related with a poor clinical prognosis.MDSCs can be used as prognostic markers, which provide new targets for immunotherapy.
7.Anti-rejection study in mice skin transplantation of a novel immunosuppressant SYL934
Jing JIN ; Haijing ZHANG ; Xiaojian WANG ; Wanqi ZHOU ; Jinping HU ; Dali YIN ; Xiaoguang CHEN
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin 2014;(6):769-773
Aim To determine the effect of SYL934 , a novel immunosuppressant, on skin allograft rejec-tion. Methods HTRF-IP1 assay was used to evaluate the agonistic activity of SYL934-P, the active form of SYL934 in vivo, on S1P1 and S1P3 in vitro. SD rat peripheral blood lymphocytes ( PBL ) test and heart rate test was used to assess the in vivo immunosuppres-sive effect and heart rate effect of SYL934 . Mice skin graft transplantation experiment was used to observe the effect of SYL934 on skin allograft refection. ResultsSYL934-P selectively activated S1 P1 but not S1 P3 in vitro. Single orally administration of SD rats with
SYL934 decreased the PBL significantly and played an obviously immunosuppressant role, but did not affect the heart rate. Daily orally administration of mice with SYL934 significantly increased the survival rate of al-lografts of skin slice in mice. Conclusion SYL934 has great selectivity in vitro and good activity in vivo, which indicated it potential use as an anti-rejection drug in skin transplantation.
8.Determination of Bisphenolic and Halogenated Bisphenolic Compounds in Human Urine by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Xiaojian HU ; Haijing ZHANG ; Xiaohong WANG ; Changming DING ; Yinlong JIN ; Shaobin LIN
Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014;(7):1053-1056
A method was developed for the determination of four kinds of bisphenolic and halogenated bisphenolic compounds including bisphenol F, bisphenol A, tetrachlorobisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A in human urine using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The analytes was extracted by solid phase extraction. The separation of the analytes was achieved on an Atlantis T3 column (3. 0×150 mm, 3 μm) gradient eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and water at the rate of 250 μL/min, and detected by an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple-reaction-monitoring negative mode. The quantification was carried out by matrix-matched calibration curve. The average recoveries at 3 spiked levels were 86%-118%, with intra-day precision of 2 . 6%-17 . 0% and inter-day precision of 3. 2%-18. 0%. The limits of detection of four analytes (S/N=3) were 0. 01-0. 25 μg/L. The method was applied to the analysis of 200 human urines samples and the results showed that the method was simple, sensitive and reliable.
9.Evaluation of laparoscopic precise dissection of the hepatic pedicle in liver resection
Yongjun CHEN ; Bangyu LU ; Xiaoyong CAI ; Yubin HUANG ; Xiaojian JIN ; Yihe YAN
Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery 2014;20(6):422-424
Objective To determine the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic dissection of hepatic pedicle in liver resections.Methods Laparoscopic dissection of hepatic pedicle was performed to achieve selective hepatic vascular inflow occlusion during anatomical hepatectomies in 43 patients with liver lesions.The average age was (46.1 ± 3.5) years.The hepatic pedicle was dissected precisely with sharp and blunt dissections to expose the portal vein,hepatic artery,and their branches.The hepatic ischemic area was judged after selective hepatic vascular inflow occlusion and the liver lesions were then resected.Results All 43 patients received anatomical hepatectomies successfully using the technique of laparoscopic hepatic pedicle dissection for selective hepatic vascular inflow occlusion.The mean operative time was (63.6 ± 11.2)minutes.The average blood loss was (243.8 ± 35.5)ml,and the mean hospital stay was (7.1 ± 1.6) days.Conclusion Laparoscopic dissection of hepatic pedicle in liver resection was feasible and safe.
10.Effect of a novel selective S1P1 agonist, Syl948, on mouse skin transplantation.
Jing JIN ; Haijing ZHANG ; Xiaojian WANG ; Wanqi ZHOU ; Dali YIN ; Xiaoguang CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2014;49(5):627-31
Syl948 is a synthesized selective S1P1 agonist with novel structure. HTRF-IP1 test indicated that Syl948-P, the active form of Syl948 in vitro, has strong activity against S1P1 (EC50: 83 +/- 16 nmol x L(-1)), but its effect on S1P3 was very weak (EC50: 1 026 +/- 90 nmol x L(-1)). In SD rats, oral administration of Syl948 10 mg x kg(-1) significantly decreased the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), with the maximal PBL inhibition rate of 63%, which was as similar as equal dose of fingolimod (FTY720). Oral administration of Syl948 10 mg x kg(-1) had no effect on heart rate of SD rats, which was better than FTY720. Daily oral administration with Syl948 (2 or 4 mg x kg(-1)) significantly prolonged the survival time of the allografts of skin slice on mice. In summary, the above results demonstrated that Syl948 has great selectivity in vitro and good activity in vivo, which indicated its potential use as an anti-rejection drug in skin transplantation.