BACKGROUND:Investigation regarding epidemiologic features of osteoporosis in many areas of China has been much reported. However, studies regarding large samples and multicenter in China have been rarely reported. It is said that published papers cannot give a good description about the epidemiologic features of osteoporosis at present.
OBJECTIVE:To understand the epidemiologic features of osteoporosis by evaluating the data on the epidemiology of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly in China.
METHODS:Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the data extracted from 2000-2013 published papers on the epidemiology of prevalence rates of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly in China. The prevalence rates of osteoporosis were extracted from middle-aged and elderly populations aged above 40 years, with 10 years for a group. The studies were col ected and analyzed using Stata 12.0.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Thirty two articles were included with a total of 58 254 people (26 844 males and 31 410 females). The total prevalence rate of osteoporosis at the age above 40 years in China was 13.2%. The prevalence rate of males was 11.8%and that of females was 14.2%, and there was a significant difference between males and females (P<0.05). With aging, the prevalence rate of osteoporosis is increasing both in males and females, which increases gradual y in males but significantly elevates in females over 50 years old. In China, the detection rate of lumbar osteoporosis is higher in the northern region than the southern region, probably because of more heavy physical activities in the northern region;whereas, the detection rate of Ward’s osteoporosis is higher in the southern region than the northern region. In the recent 5 years, the prevalence rate of osteoporosis is significant increased in males and reduced in females compared with 5 years ago. These findings suggest that osteoporosis in Chinese is common and extensively distributed, and it is important to propagate knowledge of osteoporosis and prevent osteoporosis.

BACKGROUND:Since damage control theory system was founded, this theory in the orthopedics has been applied gradualy, especialy in elderly hip fracture surgery that reduces the negative impacts due to inflammatory responses. OBJECTIVE:To explore whether flurbiprofen axetil can reduce inflammatory responses in rats with hip fractures based on the damage control theory. METHODS: Forty-nine healthy Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into four groups:control group (n=7), immediate internal fixation group (n=14), flurbiprofen axetil group (n=14), damage control group (n=14). Rats in the control group moved freely in the cages. Rats in the other three groups were intraperitonealy injected with composite anesthetics to make unilateral hip fracture models, and then respectively given internal fixation immediately after fracture, flurbiprofen axetil injection and delayed internal fixation, and delayed internal fixation. Levels of serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were determined and analyzed before fixation, immediately after internal fixation and at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 hours after internal fixation in different groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Postoperative serum levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-αwere al increased in different groups. The level of C-reactive protein reached the peak at 24 hours after internal fixation. Flurbiprofen axetil injection had no significant influence on the level of C-reactive protein in rats with delayed internal fixation (P=0.51). Interleukin-6 levels were stil increased at 48 hours after internal fixation, but flurbiprofen axetil reduced the level of interleukin-6 significantly in rats with delayed internal fixation (P < 0.01). The tumor necrosis factor-α level peaked at 4 hours after internal fixation, and flurbiprofen axetil injection could significantly reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-α in rats with delayed internal fixation (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that flurbiprofen axetil as a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug can reduce the inflammatory response in rats with hip fractures after internal fixation, and also can aleviate the inflammatory response of rats undergoing delayed operation under the guidance of damage control theory.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels are crucial for bone and cartilage development and regeneration at a celular level. Insufficient quantity and functional impairment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels is widely considered to be one of osteoarthritis causes. OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the functional status of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and disease progression in osteoarthritis patients.METHODS: Thirty patients with osteoarthritis were enroled from July 2013 to October 2014, and divided into control, mild osteoarthritis, and severe osteoarthritis groups, with 10 cases in each group. 5 mL bone marrow from the femur or tibia was extracted from each patient to isolate and culture bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. Proliferation ability of cels at passage 3 was detected using cel counting kit-8; toluidine blue staining was performed at 14 days after chondrogenic induction; real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Aggrecan and Col2A1 in the control group after chondrogenic induction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Afterin vitro culture, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels grew adherently in polygonal and fusiform shape with multiple processes at uniform size. The cytoplasm contained larger particles and the nuclei were ovoid. Most of cels were in cel division phase. The proliferation ability was strongest in the control group and weakest in the severe osteoarthritis group. Cels from the three groups were al at plateau phase after 1 week culture. At 14 days after chondrogenic induction, the cels were polygonal and quasi-circular, and purple metachromatic granules distributed outside of the cytoplasm. The expression of Aggrecan and Col2A1 in the control group displayed an overexpression trend. These findings indicate that the functional status of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from osteoarthritis patients is negatively correlated with the severity of disease, which can influence the disease progression in osteoarthritis patients.

Objective: To observe the safety and clinical efficacy of tumor antigen-pulsed dendritic cell(DC) vaccine in treatment of advanced malignant tumor.Methods: Ninety-one patients with non-small cell lung cancer,colon and rectal cancer,melanoma,renal carcinoma,breast cancer and other malignant tumors were enrolled in this study.All patients met the selecting standard and signed informed consent.Human dendritic cells were obtained from peripheral blood monocytes by culturing them with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4.DC vaccine was prepared from tumor antigen pulsed immature dendritic cells in vitro.Patients received the vaccine therapy once every week and one cycle was defined as once every week for 3 weeks.Results: All the patients received 96 cycles of DC vaccine treatment.Symptoms of toxicity included fever,shivering,aching pain of muscle,asthenia,itching,stifle and transient fatigue;most of the symptoms automatically recovered.Clinical efficacy of the treatment was evaluated in 76 patients.Thirty-one of the 76 patients were stable after treatment and 45 were in progressive situation,with the clinical benefiting rate being 40.8%.Eighty-five patients were followed up.The median time for progression was 2.6 months;the overall survival time was 0.9-30.6 months;and the median survival period was 4.5 months,with the one year survival rate being 9.2%.Conclusion: The results suggest that the DC vaccine therapy is well tolerated in treating patients with advanced malignant tumors and has satisfactory clinical benefit;the clinical value of DC vaccine therapy needs to be further observed.