OBJECTIVE： To discuss about the key and entrance points of the development strategy of Chinese materia medica in the new century.METHODS： Some important items,such as difficult problems which Chinese materia medica facing to at present,new way to research into its effective substance bases,innovation on the theory and “ molecular targets” of Chinese materia medica,were analyzed.RESULTS ＆ CONCLUSION： Chinese materia medica industry would become a most important pharmaceutical industry in China and really walk up to the whole world if traditional Chinese herb medicine supplies“ international language” for its exchange,qualitative and quantitative standards on judging the essence of its prescriptions and builds up its“ earmark” of Chinese materia medica industry.Based on the train of thought of this paper,suggestions how to promote the development of Chinese materia medica in the new century are put forward.

Accurate alignment of knee implants is essential for the success of total knee replacemem.Recently,computer-aided navigation systems have become available,and the results showed more accurate and consistent installation of knee implants.The technology has evolved rapidly with widespread and continue to be developed.The current computer environmem and graphical user interface will become more user friendly and thus gain more widespread acceptance among experienced surgeons With this technology growing and systems evolving,computerized navigation will become the standard of care in knee reconstructive surgery.The key of future studies is to evove less invasive tracker anchoring systems,electronic balancers and computerized saws.A hybrid technique between image-based and image-free methods may develop to produce image-enhanced navigation.It should be an intermediary step between current technology and a fully robotic system.

Since the first session of Chinese anti-inflammatory immunopharmacological society in 1982,many breakthroughs of immunological research have been made in western countries,such as identification of pathogens by natural immune cells,regulation of immune response,lymphocyte differ?entiation and development. At the same time,much progress has been achieved in anti-inflammatory and immunological research in China,especially in the field of basic scientific issues in immunology, frontier and hot topics,immunological mechanisms of major diseases and related drugs. The course of development of Chinese anti- inflammatory immunopharmacological research has experiences various stages,such as ″follow ″ in the past to ″work together ″ and to ″lead ″ in some research areas in today′s international immunology.

AIM:To study of effects of Panax notoginsengnoside(PnGL) on neutrophil(Neu) functions in carrageenin(Car) induced subcutaneous air-vesicle synovitis in rats and its mechanisms METHODS:Rat air-vesicle synovitis model was established with sc Car(25mg/kg) Neu count,the phagocytosis of Neu,the realease of O2 ?- from Neu and the level of Neu-i were measured with test tube diluting method,staphylococcus aureus phagocytosis method,cytochrome C reduction method and Fura-2 fluorescence technique respectively RESULTS:At 12h after Car used,Neu count of exudates elevated,phagocytosis rate and index of Neu and the release of O2 ?- from Neu increased obviously,suggesting that Neu was in an activated state Mea_nwhile,the level of Neu-i elevated significantly PnGL 60～240mg/kg ip,30min before and 6h after Car sc,reduced Neu count of exudates,inhibited phagocytosis functions and the increase of i level of Neu in a dose-dependent manner There was a significant correlation between the reduction of Neu-i and the inhibition of Neu phagocytosis functions and the release of O2 ?- from Neu Dexamethason had similar effects on Neu functions to PnGL,but with no effect on the level of Neu-i CONCLUSION:The reduction of Neu-i level and the subsequent inhibition of Neu functions is one of the important anti-inflammatory mechanisms of PnGL,which is different from that of Dex

The cells sense direction is closely related with the proteins that contain PH (pleckstrin homology) domain. PH domain has been found in about 60 proteins, many of which could activate the sequent events of signal transduction via combining with the related binding sites on the surface of chematactic cel ls. The characteristics of this combining are: a.rapid and transient; b.It is only related to the concentration gradient of surroundings outside cells, whi ch is the base of spatial model; c.The distribution of the binding sites on th e cell membrane changes when the researchers altered the position of the chemoat tractant. This is the base of temporal model. To deeply investigate the effects of all kinds of proteins which contain PH domain on cells sense of direction will greatly promote the research of this field, and hence, has great theoretica l significance.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and its mechanism of pathogenicity of streptozotocin diseased rats treated by the mixture of kelp extract, wolfberry, and Chinese yam. Methods Streptozotocin-diabetic rat model were taken the mixture of kelp extract, wolfberry and Chinese yam with the ratio of 1:1:1 by intragastric administration. positive control group was fed metformin of 83.5mg/kg, the control group and the model group were given the same amount of distilled water. The safety of high dose (1500 mg) of the mixture therapy for the normal rat were evaluated, their blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, body weight and insulin levels were observed and its possible mechanism were analyzed. Results Compared with the model group, the disease diabetic rats of the administered group (250mg/kg,500mg/kg,1500mg/kg) were significantly alleviated. First of all, coat color was more shiny, the behavior were more physical agility. Followed by the decrease of blood glucose levels and AUC, and body weight and insulin levels were elevated. In cell experiments, the number of islet cells was increased in the administered group by the mixture in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The mixture of kelp extract, wolfberry, and Chinese yam had obvious hypoglycemic effect. The hypoglycemic activity of the mixture may be attributed to increase insulin secretion through inhibit apoptosis of islet β-cells.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and general regularity of ADR induced by Danhong injection,and to provide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:Using“Danhong injection”and“ADR”as keywords,retrieved from CJFD,literatures published during 2005-2015 were collected and analyzed statistically in repsects of patient’s gender and age,disease and allergic history,drug combination,occurrence time of ADR and clinical manifestations,etc. RESULTS:A total of 24 literatures were collected,involving 360 cases. Female patients were more than male(66.11% vs. 33.89%);ADR often oc-curred within 30 min during medication(169 cases,46.94%);main clinical manifestations were lesion of skin and its appendents (163 cases,42.89%), systemic injury(72 cases,18.95%). The severe one would suffer form allergic shock. CONCLUSIONS:Great importance should be attached to the indication of Danhong injection,treatment based on syndrome differentiation,rational drug use and close monitoring. Constant vigilance is necessary to the occurrence of ADR.

Objective To investigate skin rash characteristics in patients with dengue fever, and to explore factors associated with the occurrence of skin rashes in dengue fever. Methods Skin rashes were observed in 127 hospitalized patients with dengue fever. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from these patients. Statistical analysis was carried out by using a two-sample t-test and chi-square test with the SPSS16.0 software. Results Out of the 127 inpatients, 88 (69.29%)had skin rashes, which usually developed within 5-7 (average, 5.06 ± 2.50)days after fever onset. Among the 88 patients, 37(42.05%)developed skin rashes during fever, while 51(57.95%)after the drop of body temperature. Moreover, 48 (54.55%) patients complained of itching, while 39 (44.32%) never felt itch, and 1 complained of a tingling sensation all over the body. The type of skin rashes was various. Congestive erythema and macules were observed on both palms in 26 (29.55%)patients, and might be the characteristic skin presentation of dengue fever. Skin rashes usually began in both lower extremities, whereas the order of their subsidence was unclear. There was a significant difference in blood platelet (PLT) count as well as alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels between patients with skin rashes and those without(all P=0.00). However, no significant difference was observed in the count of leukocytes, neutrophils or PLT, or the levels of alanine transaminase or aspartate transaminase between patients with hemorrhagic rashes and those with nonhemorrhagic rashes or between patients with itching and those without (all P>0.05). Conclusions Dengue fever has various skin rashes, and congestive erythema and macules on both palms may be the distinctive presentation of dengue fever.

Objective To explore neuroprotective effect of escitalopram oxalate on cerebral ischemia reperfusion in injury rats and its possible mechanism,thus provide experimental evidence for the use of the drug in the clinical treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods 160 male rats of SD were selected and randomly divided into three groups:sham operation group(Sham group),negative control group(NS group),intervention group(CIT group,for 14 days and 21 days).Focal middle cerebral artery occlusion model(MCAO)of rats were constructed.Neurological deficit of rats in each group were evaluated by modified neurological severity score(mNSS)scale.Microvessel diameter,density,and total area of each group angiogenesis in cerebral ischemic area were observed by Laser cofocal technology after 14 days and 21 days at different time points;the plasma concentrations of VEGF were detected by ELASA,and expression levels of VEGF were detected by immunohistochemical assay and Western blot in each group,to explore its possible mechanism of molecular biology.Results After modeling,neurological deficit of intervention group for 14 days and 21 days were improved significantly.The indicators were as follows:scores of mNSS in NS group(6.57 ±1.13)was significantly higher than(4.39 ±0.92)in intervention group for 14 days(P<0.05);scores of mNSS in intervention group(3.23 ±0.55)for 21 days was significantly lower than(4.14 ±0.74)in intervention group for 14 days(P<0.01).Confocal 3D imaging results after 14 days showed:microvascular total area was significantly lager which illustrated that the effect of drug intervention for 14 days started to work over time.Plasma concentrations and expression levels of VEGF in intervention group for 14 days and 21 days were higher than those in Sham group,NS group.VEGF protein expression of cerebral ischemia tissues in intervention group for 21 days were higher than that of 14 days(P<0.01).Conclusion Escitalopram oxalate could significantly reduce cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats nerve injury and improve neurological function,which has a neuroprotective effect,the effect of drug intervention gradually increases over time,and the possible mechanism of which is related to angiogenesis mediated by VEGF.