OBJECTIVE To study the hospital infection among surgical system inpatients in order to work out more effective management plans concerning hospital infection.METHODS Totally 5963 surgical patients from Dec 2000 to Nov 2002 were analyzed by means of the retrospective study.RESULTS Among them there were hospital infections in 243 cases.The surgical hospital infection rate was 4.08% and the neurosurgical hospital infection rate was 5.37% which was the highest among all departments.The main part of infection mostly located in lower respiratory tract(21.30%),then were higher respiratory and urinary tracts(9.88%),incision site(10.70%),gastrointestinal tract(9.05%) and the others(6.17%).The infection rate in male patients was higher than in the females.The sex ratio was 2.2∶1.The infection rate was 4.67%.The highest infection rate after admission in hospital and at 31 to 60 days from January to March(4.95%) as well as from October to December(4.58%).The bacteriological rate was 28.40%,lower than the rate of≥50.00% demanded by the Ministry of Health.CONCLUSIONS The hospital infection in surgical patients is closely related to the departments,sex,duration of hospital stay,season and invasive clinical procedures.

Objective To explore the effect of propofol and etomidate on anesthesia induction in pediatric surgery, and to provide evidence for the future use of anesthesia in pediatric surgery.Methods120 cases of pediatric surgery patients were prospectively selected pediatric in our hospital from May 2013 to January 2015 as the research object, randomly divided into 2 group respectively, control group and observation group, 60 cases in each group;the control group anesthesia was induced with etomidate, observation group anesthesia was induced with propofol, and the anesthetic effect were observed in the two groups, recovery and adverse reaction in the induction period of anesthesia.ResultsThe patients in the observation group anesthesia satisfaction scores were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05) and the observation group;the recovery time and the time of leaving room were significantly shorter than the control group (P<0.05);in the observation group, respiratory depression, restlessness, throat and bronchial spasm, adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionPropofol is more suitable for pediatric surgery than etomidate, and anesthesia effect is remarkable, fast recovery, worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of sufentanil in pediatric surgery.Methods80 cases of pediatric surgery were prospectively selected pediatric methods in The Third People's Hospital of Xining from July 2013 to January 2015 as the research object, the patients were divided into two groups, control group and observation group, 40 cases in each group.The control group received remifentanil,observation group were given sufentanil, mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)30min and 5min at each time point after extubation and 5min based value children after entering the operation room after induction were compared.The sedation scores of 5min, 15min and 30min after tracheal intubationwere recorded..ResultsThe pain scores in the observation grouppostoperative T4, T5, T6 each time were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05);MAP and HRin the observation group at T0, T1, T2, T3 had no significant differencecompared with control group, MAP during T4 in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05);and HR in the observation group in the period of T4 was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionThe application of sufentanil in pediatric surgery is effective and safe.

AIM: To observe the effects of repeated hypoxia on the neuropeptide Y(NPY)-like immunoreactivity in the mouse brain. METHODS: Forty male kunming mice were divided into 5 groups: Control, H 1(after the 1 st hypoxic run), H 2(the 2 nd hypoxic run), H 3(the 3 rd hypoxic run)and H 4(the 4 th hypoxic run). The hypoxic groups were subjected to different runs of hypoxia exposure. The NPY-like immunoreactivity in the moue brain was measured by using radioimmunoassary method.RESULTS: The standard tolerance time of the mouse exposed to hypoxia significantly increased following each increase in runs of hypoxia exposure. After the 1 st and 2 nd hypoxic run the NPY-like immunoreactivities in the mice brain significantly increased by 145.5%?3.2% and 147.3%?2.5% compared with the control(P

At present,all parts of our country and the units are on their own to explore the ways and methods of public health physician training,and to develop a unified national public health standardized training system is particularly important.This study introduces the composition and practice of British public health specialist training and its access system,draws on the successful experience of this system and puts forward some suggestions such as paying attention to the cultivation of clinical basic knowledge,rationally using industry associations and societies and so on from the public health doctor training system,which provides the basis for promoting the establishment of a national public health physician training system.

Objective To explore and clarify the clinical features and management of patients with Castleman disease.Methods The clinicopathological features and therapeutic method of 65 patients with Castleman disease admitted to our hospital continuously from 2005 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The mean follow-up time for the entire series was 40 (15-71) months.Results In contrast to Localized Castleman disease(LCD),Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) patients were relatively older and exhibit various symptoms and abnormal laboratory tests.We found 44 tumor in LCD group.LCD ones,most of which were hyaline vascular (33/42,78.6％),were more likely originated in retroperitoneum,enterocoelia(10/44,22.7％) or mediastinum(10/44,22.7％).The initial treatment for LCD patients was complete surgical resection and all patients are current alive with no evidence of recurrence.MCD ones always accompanied by fever(9/23,39.1％),anemia(9/23,39.1％)and splenomegaly,and most of MCD patients were plasmacytic variants(14/23,60.9％) or mixed cellular variants (5/23,21.7％).We found 66 tumor in MCD group and they were more likely originated in neck (16/66,24.2％) and groin area (12/66,18.2％).Surgery combined with CHOP-like chemotherapy or CHOP-like chemotherapy alone was the mainstream treatment for MCD ones.21 patients achieved complete remission or partial remission,and only 2 patients died of lung infection.Whether patients could tolerate long-term chemotherapy or not was an important prognostic factor.Conclusions LCD patients had no typical clinical symptoms and could be cured by surgery.Most of MCD patients always had a good prognosis after receiving CHOP-like chemotherapy.

Objective To explore the correlation of S100 protein with the prognosis of patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Methods Analyzed the clinical data about 108 patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma managed with surgery from January 2009 to June 2014. All patients were followed up. Patients were divided into S100-positive group(58 patients) and S100-negative group (50 patients) according to the immunohistochemical staining results. The overall survival time and all clinical data between two group were compared. Results All patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma received radical surgical resection for the first time. The overall 5-year recurrence rate were 88.9%(96/108), and the median recurrence time was 32.7 months. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year recurrence rates of the S100- positive group were 25.9% (15/58), 53.4% (31/58), 96.6% (56/58), respectively, and the median recurrence time were 26.2 mouths. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year recurrence rates of the S100-negative group were 10.0%(5/50), 36%(18/50), 80.0%(40/50) and the median recurrence time were 40.0 mouths. Log-rank test showed that S100 protein expression was significantly associated with postoperative recurrence rates (c2=9.931, P=0.002) and survival time (c2=4.571, P = 0.033). The difference between gender, age, removal of the joint organs and tumor size showed no statistical significance on disease special survival (P>0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that S100 protein expression (OR=1.582, 95%CI:1.005-2.491) and histologic subtype (OR=1.531, 95%CI: 1.254-1.870) were independent risk factors of the prognosis of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma patients. Conclusions S100 protein played a critical role in retroperitoneal liposarcoma carcinogenesis and its expression may be used as a potential survival predictor in patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Objective To study the effects of Astragalus and Thoroughfare Oral Liquid(ATOL) on the immunological functions of the immunosuppressive mice induced by hydrocortisone (HC). Methods A total of 50 mice were divided into 5 groups randomly. Mice in 4 groups were immunosuppressive animal model induced by HC, then ATOL (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05mL/10g) was administered to 3 groups of them. The phagocytotic function of peritoneal macrophage, the proliferation rate of T cells in spleen, and the cytotoxicity of NK cells in spleen, and the production of antibodies and IL-2 by spleen cells were examined to evaluate the immunological function of mice. Results Different doses of ATOL could improve the phagocytotic function of peritoneal macrophage, the proliferation rate of T cells in spleen and the cytotoxicity of NK cells. The drug could also promote antibody formation as well as IL-2 in the immunosuppressive mice. Conclusion ATOL can evidently improve some of the immunological functions in HC-induced immunosuppressive mice.

The aquatic therapy is a part of comprehensive rehabilitation. Aquatic therapy may benefit the social interaction, stereotyp-ing and motor learning of children with autism, which may associate with the physical and mental mechanism. The programs applied for the autism include game in water, swimming, physical fitness training in water, etc. The assessment tools include scales and video, and so on.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the medication safety status of Chinese patent medicines and related influence factors for residents in Guangdong province,and provide reference for better guarantee of medication safety for residents. METHODS:Questionnaires were randomly sent out among the residents in 3 cities of Guangdong province. The cognition,utilization habit and safety awareness,the ways to get the related information of Chinese patent medicines and purchase way were surveyed and ana-lyzed statistically. RESULTS:Totally 530 questionnaires were sent out and 514 valid questionnaires were collected with effective re-covery of 96.98%. There are 64.01% of respondents didn’t know the composition of Chinese patent medicines;50.39% didn’t know the contraindications of Chinese patent medicines;48.44% didn’t know the adverse drug reactions of Chinese patent medi-cines that they were using;23.47% had once broken the tablets when took them;65.18% didn’t know that the old people had less dosage than teenagers and 44.75% didn’t know that Chinese patent medicines couldn’t be taken with some western medicines. There were many ways to get the related information of Chinese patent medicines and purchase them,and the main sources were from doctors and pharmacists in drug stores;90.08% had purchased Chinese patent medicines in drug stores. CONCLUSIONS:During daily medication of Chinese patent medicines,the biggest problem for residents is that the weak awareness of medication safety,unreasonable medication behavior and habit caused by lack of related knowledge of medication safety,which may cause safety risks or happen medication safety problems. Therefore,the residents’education of self-medical knowledge should be intensi-fied,the management of prescription in drug stores should be enhanced,pharmaceutical service function of pharmacists should be played,supervision management of drug advertisement should be strengthened and the contents in drug instructions should be regu-lated.