Objective To obtain the comprehensive information of the normal peroneal nerve by high resolution ultrasonography.Methods The cross-sectional area was measured by observing the traveling law of peroneal nerve as well as its ultrasonographic features,choosing the polyline level of popliteal and the peroneal nerve around the fibular neck as measurement point.Results There was no significance on statistics in differences of the above-mentioned cross-sectional area.The overall mean of its peroneal nerve were (0.139 ± 0.043)cm2 and (0.114 ± 0.032)cm2 resectively; and its peroneal nerve among men seems a little bit wider than that among women,the old wider than the youth.It was positively correlated with height and weight(r =0.569,0.625,respectively,both P ＜0.05).Conclusions The high-resolution ultrasound can show the form and shape of the peroneal nerve,thus providing diagnostic criteria in quantity by measuring its normal cross-sectional area.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bioequiavailability of the domestic and the imported paracetamol and oxycodone tablets.METHODS:The blood concentrations of paracetamol and oxycodone in22healthy male volunteers were determined by HPLC-MS after a single dose orally1tablet of domestic or imported oxycodone tablet by a randomized crossover way.RE?SULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the domestic and the imported oxycodone tablets were as follows:C max were(10.4?2.2),(11.1?3.3)?g/L,respectively;t max were(1.05?0.35),(0.92?0.40)h,respectively;t 1/2 ke were(5.36?0.91),(5.53?1.25)h,respectively;AUC 0～t were(44.2?7.9),(44.5?8.3)(?g?h)/L,respectively;AUC 0～∞ were(49.3?9.4),(51.0?11.6)(?g?h)/L,respectively;the relative bioavailability of the domestic preparation was(102.8?27.4)%.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the domestic and the imported paracetamol were the following:C max were(4612?696),(4592?825)?g/L,respectively;t max were(0.94?0.28),(0.96?0.23)h,respectively;t 1/2 ke were(3.99?0.77),(4.05?0.83)h,re?spectively;AUC 0～t were(15732?3450),(16265?3858)(?g?h)/L,respectively;AUC 0～∞ were(16618?3545),(17205?4194)(?g?h)/L,respectively;the relative bioavailability of the domestic one was(97.6?10.3)%.CONCLUSIONS:The2preparations are bioequivalent.

myocytes.In aging mice induced by D-galactose experiment.TP has anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidation effect in a dose-dependant manner.

In this study,DNA molecular identification technology and chemical fingerprint method were adopted to evaluate the quality system of precise powder decoction pieces (PPDP) of S.suberectus dunn (SSD).ITS2 sequence was taken as DNA barcode to indentify SSD.Different specifications of PPDP were prepared,their dry extract contents were quantified in contrast with that of original slices.Three batches of SSD original slices were gleaned and the content uniformity,fingerprint and similarity evaluation before and after the mixing and pulverization were valued by HPLC-DAD.As a result,ITS2 successfully and accurately identified the SSD in this study.The extract rate of PPDP was 15.5％,1.11 times as much as the original slices.RSD of inter-assay dissolution of cepicatechin from the original slices was 11.0％,which was reduced to 1.0％ after mixing and preparing into PPDP.The relative peak area of the 14 common peaks identified by fingerpringts were larger,while the RSD values significantly decreased.It was concluded that the PPDP of SSD improved the extraction efficiency and uniformity of the original slices,featuring quite prospective in more reasonable and scientific clinical use.

Objective To evaluate the effects of laparoscopic radical resection of mid-low rectal cancer on sexual and urinary functions of male patients. Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with mid-low rectal cancer who were admitted to the PLA General Hospital from May 2006 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-eight patients were allocated to laparoscopic group and 82 to open group. The incidences of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction and the short- and long-term urinary dysfunction of patients in the 2 groups were compared seperately at 6 and 12 months after the operation. All data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results The incidences of erectile and ejaculation dysfunction at 6 months after operation, incidence of ejaculation dysfunction at 12 months after operation, and long-term urinary dysfunction were 15% (10/68), 16% (11/68), 10% (7/68) and 0 in the laparoscopic group, and 22% (18/82), 23% (19/82), 21% (17/82) and 2% (2/82) in the open group, respectively, no significant difference between the two groups was found (x2 = 1. 285, 1. 137, 3. 013, 1.681, P>0. 05). The incidences of erectile dysfunction at 12 months after operation and short-term urinary dysfunction were 7% (5/68) and 4% (3/68) in the laparoscopic group, and 17% (14/82) and 20% (16/82) in the open group, respectively, a significant difference between the two groups was observed (x = 4. 565, 5.930, P <0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic radical resection of mid-low rectal cancer can reduce the injury of pelvic autonomic nerve and improve the life quality of patients.

The first few cases of colonic surgery using Da Vinci surgical system were reported in 2002;since then,Da Vinci surgical system has gradually been used in several centers for rectal cancer and with favorable outcomes.Laparoscopy has opened a new era in modern surgery,however,the inherent limitations of traditional laparoscopic surgery may cause certain difficulties during manipulation,especially in the demanding field of colonic laparoscopic surgery,which prolonged the learning curve.The advantages of Da Vinci surgical system include stable camera platform,three-dimensional imaging,excellent ergonomics,tremor elimination,ambidextrous capability,motion scaling,and instruments with multiple degrees of freedom.Low rectal region was regarded as the"forbidden zone"for laparoscopy,so we applied the Da Vinci surgical system in low anterior resection for rectal cancer.Because of mulyiquadrant operations in low anterior resection of rectal cancer,moving the robotic cart twice during the operation is necessary,which increased the operation time.In order to solve the problem,many surgeons use conventional laparoscopy for vessel ligation and flexure mobilization,and adopt the Da Vinci surgical system only in the lower quadrant of the abdomen.We present a technique that allows for the complete isolation of the mesorectum from the same position of the robotic cart,during the process,the enhanced dexterity and precise dissection offered by the Da Vinci surgical system were fully utilized.

Objective To assess the left atrial early function in pilots with essential hypertension by strian rate imaging (SRI). Methods Twenty-five hypertensive pilots without left ventricular hypertrophy and expansion (LVN) were selected. Twenty-ifve healthy pilots were included as control group. At the left ventricular apical four-chamber view, three-chamber view, two-chamber view, the systolic, early and late diastolic peak strain rate (SRs, SRe, SRa) curves were acquired by SRI in the basal section, the middle section and the upper section of the wall of left atrium. The average strain rate (mSRs, mSRe, mSRa) was calculated. The LA maximal, minimal and pre-systolic volume (LAVmax , LAVmin and LAVp), LA passive ejection fraction (LAPEF), LA active ejection fraction (LAAEF) , left atrial stroke volume (LASV), E/A and E/E′ were calculated. Results The LAPEF, LAAEF, LASV, E/A, E/E′were (38.96±6.43)%, (61.11±5.86)%, (14.74±5.33)mm, 1.23±0.08, 8.63±1.77 in the control group, and were (34.18±5.72)%, (63.23±6.89)%, (10.12±3.23)mm, 1.04±0.26, 7.16±0.84 in the study group. Compared with the control group, signiifcant difference was detect in LAPEF, LAAEF, LASV, E/E′(t=4.840, 2.690, 4.801, 2.950, all P<0.05). No signiifcant difference was found in E/A between the study and control group (t=-1.424, P=0.178). There was signiifcant positive correlation between SRa and E/E′(r=0.632, P<0.05). Conclusion SRI could be applied in the evaluation of early left atrial function. In pilots with essential hypertension, the changes of strain rate in left atrial wall, which is prior to the modeling geometry of left ventricular, could be detected by SRI.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in the Ningxia region. METHOD: One hundred and sixteen patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis combined with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in the department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningxia Medical University Hospital from 2009 January to December was analysed in this study, followed by grouping the experimental group I: allergic rhinitis(AR) group (46 cases), the experimental group II: chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps group (46 cases), the experimental group III: allergic rhinitis combined with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps group (24 cases), and the normal control group (31 cases). The skin prick test was used and the serum specific IgE concentration of selected objects was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULT: (1) The positive rate of specific IgE in the experimental group I was 83.3%, the concentrated for specific IgE mainly graded in 0 to 3 level, The total positive rate of specific IgE in the experimental group II and III were 75.0% and 87.5%. (2) The specific IgE concentration in the experimental group I, II , III and control group were 10.33 +/- 2.12 (kU/L), 8.43 +/- 2.23 (kU/L), 5.28 +/- 2.16 (kU/L), 1.03 +/- 3.96 (kU/L), respectively. The data analyzed using ANOVA showed that the specific IgE concentration in the experimental group I, II, III compared with the control group was significantly different; CONCLUSION (1) The specific IgE concentration in the Ningxia region of allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps were graded in 0 to 3 level, mainly graded in 1 level and lower than other regions. The positive rates of the skin prick test about Wormwood, German cockroach, house dust mites and pollen IV allergen were relatively higher in Ningxia region. (2) The specific IgE concentration was relatively higher in the allergic rhinitis patients combined with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Allergic rhinitis may promote the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; complications ; epidemiology ; Rhinitis ; complications ; epidemiology ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; complications ; epidemiology ; Sinusitis ; complications ; epidemiology ; Skin Tests ; Young Adult

Extraction experiment of volatile compounds in disposable syringes from five manufacturers was undertaken by GC-MS with high-space injection and semi-volatile compounds were tested by GC-MS.MS detection ranged from 30 to 650 with electron ionization (EI) source.Vanillin was used as internal standard to monitor the sample pretreatment process.Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) were compared to acquire a simple processing method with more extractables in syringe materials.HCl,NaOH,Tween 80 and ethanol-aqueous solution were used as extraction solvents.The method was successfully developed to determine the unknown volatile extractables and the results were used to investigate the safety of disposable syringes comprehensively.

Objective To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise combined with routine rehabilitation therapy on cardiorespiratory exercise function and rehabilitation efficacy in stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods Thirty consecutive stroke patients with the first-ever hemiplegia were enrolled prospectively.They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=13) or a control group (n=13) according to the random number table (n=15 in each group).Four patients withdrew,and finally 26 patients completed the study (n=13 in each group).The two groups of patients were given routine rehabilitation therapy.On the basis of routine rehabilitation therapy,the experimental group was also treated with aerobic exercise training,once a day,30 min each time for 4 weeks.The evaluations of cardiopulmonary exercise tests were performed on both groups before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment (peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak]),anaerobic threshold [AT],peak minute ventilation [VEpeak]),and motor function (Fugl-Meyer assessment scale [FMA],activities of daily living (Barthel index [BI]) were performed.The differences between the two groups before and after treatment were compared.Results (1)Cardiopulmonary exercise test results:Compared with before treatment,VO2peak,AT,and VEpeak were increased significantly (16±4 ml/[kg·min] vs.13±3 ml/[kg·min],12.9±2.5 kg·min vs.10.0±2.7 ml/[kg·min],41±12 L/min vs.34±9 L/min,t=9.668,4.328,and 3.662,respectively,all P<0.01).There were no significant differences in VO2peak,AT,and VEpeak (14±4 ml/[kg·min] vs.14±4 ml/[kg·min],11.8±2.6 ml/[kg·min] vs.11.5±2.9 ml/[kg·min],29±8 L/min vs.28±6 L/min) in patients of the control group between before treatment and after treatment.There were no significant differences (t=0.863,0.583,and 0.314,respectively,all P>0.05).The differences in VO2peak,AT,and VEpeak in the patients of the control group before and after treatment were 0.4 (0.2,0.6),0.1 (-0.5,0.7 ml/kg·min) and 0 (-2.5,5.0 L/min),respectively.The differences of VO2peak,AT,and VEpeak in patients of the experimental group before and after treatment were 3.0 (2.2,3.9 ml/[kg·min],2.7 (1.8,5.3 ml/[kg·min],and 7.0 (1.0,13.0 L/min),respectively.There were significant differences in VO2peak,AT,and VEpeak before and after treatment between the two groups (Z=4.287,3.721,and 2.236,respectively,P<0.05).(2) FMA score and BI evaluation results:Compared with before treatment,the FMA score and Barthel index after treatment in patients of the experiment group were 70±24 vs.52±28 and 78±20 vs.60±28 respectively,t=4.076 and 4.239 respectively,P<0.01).Compared with before treatment,the FMA score and BI in the control group after treatment were improved significantly (68±25 vs.60±27 and 69±22 vs.59±26 respectively,t=3.168 and 5.436 respectively,all P<0.05).The FMA score and the difference of BI in the control group before and after treatment were 5.0 (2.0,12.0) and 10.0 (5.0,15.0) respectively,and those of the experimental group before and after treatment were 10.0 (4.5,32.0) and 11.0 (10.0,27.5) respectively,and there were no significant differences between the two groups (Z=1.393,1.352,all P>0.05).Conclusion On the basis of routine rehabilitation therapy,stroke patients with hemiplegia increasing aerobic exercise training may improve their cardiopulmonary exercise function.