AIM: To observe the effect of phagotrophic ability of macrophage on pseudomonas aeruginosa which was cocultured with low concentration of erythromycin. METHODS: The pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was cultured in LB both with low concentration of erythromycin (Group A) and without erythromycin (Group B) for 18 h separately, then incubated with macrophage from murine abdominal cavity for 2 h. The ratio of phagocytosis of macrophage was determined by microscope detection. RESULTS: The ratio of phagocytosis of group A in which erythromycin was added was higher than the group B, and the pseudopodia of macrophage were increased in the group A under electron microscope. CONCLUSION: Low concentration of erythromycin may enhance the phagocytosis ability of macrophage in vitro by influencing the virulent factors of PA.

Objective To observe the effect of total glucosides of peony on hypergammaglobulinemia of undifferentiated connective tissue disease(UCTD). Methods Fifty patients with UCTD were randomly divided into the treat-ment group (total glucosides of peony and hydroxychloroquine and thymosin) (n=30) and the control group (hydroxychloroquine and thymosin) (n=20). The changes between the two groups on hypergammaglobulinemia after treated for 3 months were compared. Results The two groups all had the IgG and IgA decreased, but the treatment group decreased more significantly. In addition, the treatment group had decreased RF. Conclusion Total glucosides of peony can improve the hypergammaglobulinemia of UCTD.

Objective To report the modified surgical technique currently used for the construction of an orthotopic ileal neobladder.So as to improve the vesical function of urinary storage and urination after total cystectomy. Methods Radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder with double “U” shape were performed in 20 patients with transitional cell carcinoma. After the detubularized ileal segment approximately 40 cm in length was arranged in a U configuration,the two medial borders of the U-shaped open segment were oversewn with a single layer seromuscular continuous 2-0 polyglycolic acid suture.The bottom of the U was folded over between the two ends of the U.Thus a spherical pouch, the neobladder, was fashioned. During that period, the neobladder anastomosed to the urethra.The ureters were implanted according to the improved stitching method. Results The operative time to form a neobladder was (90?15)min.Follow-up turned out that no perioperative or early postoperative mortality was observed, and no severe early complications occurred. The mean postoperative follow-up time was 25 (range,6 to 48) months.All the 20 cases achieved excellent continence except for 6 cases with temporary incontinence at night.Dysuria occurred in 1 case,and hydronephrosis on the left was found in 1 case.Six months later, the mean bladder capacity was 340 ml (range,250 to 450 ml). Conclusions The construction of an ileal neobladder using a smaller part of ileum that has been completely detubularized and fashioned by double U shape is easy and agreeable to perform.This mode of operation has low complication rates, achieves adequate capacity at low pressure, and provides satisfactory continence rates.

Objective To investigate the role of individualized psychological intervention in gastroscopy.Methods 286 patients first underwent gastroscopy were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups,143 patients in each group. Individualized psychological intervention were provided for intervention group,and the patients of control group were just given routine nursing care. All the patients were measured by self rating anxiety scale (SAS) ,which were as measuring standards before and after intervention. At the same time,the blood pressure and heart rate were compared before and after intervention. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was observed to investigate the satisfaction of patients after operation. Results Compared with control group,anxiety rate and degree,blood pressure and heart rate in intervention group were lower( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The test of VAS revealed that the satisfaction of patients in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group ( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Individualized psychological intervention could improve negative emotion and relieve anxiety and affliction of patients underwent gastroscopy, and the satisfaction degree for gastroscopy was improved.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the purification process of the extract from Yiqi guben granules. METHODS:The purifi-cation effect of the process was investigated with transfer rate of polysaccharide,calycosin glucoside and dry paste as evaluation in-dexes,using ZTC1+1 type Ⅱ,and shell poly sugar and 95% ethanol as clarifying agents. The purification process of the extract from Yiqi guben granules was optimized by orthogonal test using the ratio of material to liquid,the amount of clarifying agent and standing time as factor. The validation test was conducted. RESULTS:Selecting ZTC1+1 type Ⅱ as a clarifying agent,the best trans-fer rate of effective component had been obtained;optimal purification process was as follows as the ratio of material to liquid 1:2, the ratio of ZTC1+1 type Ⅱ A liquid 5%,the ratio of B liquid 10%,standing time of 5 h. The results of verification test showed transfer rates of dry paste in 3 tests were 71.54%,70.98%,69.21%,respectively;those of polysaccharide were 82.55%, 81.78%,82.15%,respectively;those of calycosin glucoside were 91.92%,92.34%,91.58%,respectively (all RSD≤1.72%, n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimized purification process is effective,stable and practical,and can be used for the purification of the extract from Yiqi guben granules.

Objective To investigate and analyze the influencing factors of the quality of life in patients with breast cancer chemotherapy.Methods Ninety-eight breast cancer patients were evaluated by self-administered questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire for Chinese cancer patients with chemobiotherary (QLQ-CCC).The influencing factors of quality of life were analyzed.Results The total scores of QLQ-CCC improved significantly after chemotherapy compared with before chemotherapy (P ＜ 0.01),and the scores of physiological index,mind and psychological index,society index and other index improved significantly after chemotherapy compared with before chemotherapy (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Age,clinical stage during chemotherapy and after chemotherapy had significant influence for the quality of life (P＜ 0.01).The level of culture had significant influence for the quality of life after chemotherapy (P＜ 0.01).Conclusions For breast cancer patients,the quality of life decline during chemotherapy.After chemotherapy,the quality of life in early stage patients is better than late stage patients.

Objective To investigate the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor one(NMDA-R1 )in visceral hypersensitivity forming of Sprague-Dawley rat model induced by transient Trichinella spiralis intestinal infection.Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into healthy control group,visceral hypersensitivity group,0.9％ NaCl group and MK-801 group.The rats in visceral hypersensitivity group,0.9％NaCl group and MK-801 group were given Trichinella spiralis to establish infection model.After eight weeks,the rats in 0.9％NaCl group and MK-801 group were given 0.9 ％ NaCl and MK-801 respectively.The abdominal muscular electrical activity of each group was observed under 20,40,60 and 80 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) colorectal distension pressure.After abdominal muscular electrical activity recorded,rats were sacrificed and the colon specimens were collected.The expression of NMDA-R1 at protein level was detected by Western blot.The data were analyzed by LSD test and Bivariate correlation.Results There was significant correlation between areas under curve (AUC) of abdominal muscular electrical activity electromyography and distension pressure in healthy control group,visceral hypersensitivity group,0.9％ NaCl group and MK-801 group (r=0.823,0.618,0.913,0.889 respectively,all P＜0.01).Under 20,40,60,80 mm Hg distension pressure,there was significant difference in AUC between MK-801 group and visceral hypersensitivity group (LSD test,all P＜0.05).The AUC of MK-801 group was lower than that of healthy control group,but there was significant difference (LSD test,P =0.029) only when distension pressure was at 80 mm Hg.The integral optical density value of NMDA-R1 protein of MK-801 group (1.238 ±0.210) was significantly lower than that of visceral hypersensitivity group (2.231±0.450) and 0.9％NaCl group (2.104±0.220) (LSD teat,P=0.025,0.046).The JA value of NMDA-R1 protein of visceral hypersensitivity group and 0.9％NaCl group was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (LSD test,P =0.007,0.014).Conclusion The visceral hypersensitivity forming was correlated with the high expression of NMDA-R1,and it could be adjusted by inhibiting NMDA-R1 expression in enteric nervous system.

Background and purpose:Unbalance of apoptosis regulation plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression.Survivin and caspase-3 all take part in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis.We investigated the role of survivin and caspase-3 in apoptosis of gastric carcinoma,as well as its relationship with the clinicopathologic features and the prognosis of gastric carcinoma by using tissue microarray.Methods:The gastric cancer tissue microarrays were composed of tissues from 100 cases of carcinoma of the stomach without a history of chemo-radiation therapy and 30 gastric tissues of control subject.The diameter of each specimen on tissue microarrays was 2.0 mm.Expressions of survivin,caspase-3 were investigated immunohistochemically on these tissue microarrays.Tumor cell apoptosis index was also examined by TUNEL method.Of the 100 cases,47 cases were followed-up from 14 months to 13 years,in which the prognosis was analyzed.Results:Two paraffin-embedded gastric carcinoma tissue microarrays were successfully constructed,including 114 and 116 tissue spots,respectively.Immunohistochemical analysis showed that survivin expression was positive in 78 cases(78%) in this series.In contrast,no expression of survivin in control tissues was detected(P

Purpose To investigate the clinical outcome of induced membrane technique for treatment of post-traumatic tibial osteomyelitis.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 17 cases of post-traumatic tibial osteomyelitis admitted from August 2011 to October 2012.There were 13 males and 4 females aged 19-67 years (mean,40.9 years).Mean length of bone defect was 6.7 cm (range,2.0-18.5 cm).Surgical treatments were performed including phase Ⅰ surgical debridement and antibiotics-loaded bone cement impregnation to induce a membrane and phase Ⅱ bone defect reconstruction by intramembranous bone grafting.Clinical effect of the treatment was evaluated.Results Bone healing was detected at the 27-month follow-up (range,24-32 months).Radiographic healing was obtained 4-6 months after operation.Two cases of recurrent infection were noted after phase Ⅰ surgery and had another debridement.External fixator proximal pin track infection occurred in one case and infection was controlled by hardware removal and dressing change.There was one case of metal rejection,two function disorders,one clubfoot,and one ankle stiffness.Conclusion Induced membrane technique is effective in the treatment of post-traumatic tibial osteomyelitis,especially in lone bone defect reconstruction,but limb functional complications are worth consideration during treatment.

This review is about advantages of exclusive breastfeeding and status, the necessity of improving exclusive breastfeeding rate, the importance of improving exclusive breastfeeding rate within 1weekafter delivery, and the related factors influencing the exclusive breastfeeding. On the basis of this, the paper points out the future research direction, aims to find out the main cause which reduce breastfeeding rate within one week after delivery, and then provide new evidence for intervention measures, in order to improve breastfeeding rate within one week after delivery, so as to improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding.