Objective To evaluate the protective effect of Caspase-1 inhibitor on acute lung injury(ALI) induced by experimental severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Forty-two SD rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: healthy controls group(HC,n=6),SAP+normal saline group(SAP-S,n=18) and SAP+ICE inhibitor group(SAP-ICE-I,n=18).SAP was reproduced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreaticobiliary duct in SD rats.In animals in HC group same surgical procedure and duct cannulation were performed but without introduction of sodium taurocholate.In SAP-S group,rats received the first intraperitoneal injection of isotonic saline 2h after induction of acute pancreatitis,and the injection of saline was repeated at the 12th hour after induction.In SAP-ICE-I group,rats were given ICE inhibitor intraperitoneally 2h after induction of pancreatitis.Surviving rats were sacrificed at designated time points,and blood and all organs were obtained for subsequent analysis.Serum IL-1? was measured by ELISA.Intrapulmonary expressions of Caspase-1,IL-1? and IL-18 mRNA were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.The ratios of wet/dry weight and histopathological changes in lung were also evaluated.Results The serum IL-1? levels in SAP-S group were 276.77?44.92pg/ml at 6h,308.99?34.95pg/ml at 12h and 311.60?46.51pg/ml at 18h after induction of SAP,respectively,which were increased significantly compared with that in HC group(P0.05).The wet/dry weight ratio of lung in SAP-S group was increased significantly compared with that in HC group(P

BACKGROUND: The rehabilitation outcome varies in stroke patients,and there are differences in the literatures about the influence of factors on the functional recovery in such patients.,OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pre-rehabilitative and post-rehabilitative effects of stroke patients by functional independence measure (FIM) that is widely used, and analyze the influence of gender, age, motor and cognitive functions at admission, time interval from stroke onset to arrival at rehabilitative admission, comorbidity occurrence, laterality of lesion on the functional recovery of stroke patients.DESIGN: Before-after control observationSETTING: Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital University of Medical SciencesPARTICIPANTS: From March 2000 to December 2002, 55 stroke patients were selected from Shandong Provincial Hospital. They were all first episode, and patients whose bilateral cerebral hemisphere were involved were excluded.METHODS: After the vital signs were steady, the stroke patients got through risk phase (31-75 days) and were treated with medicine improving microcirculation and providing neurotrophic factor for nerves. In addition, they accepted comprehensive rehabilitation training of Bobath technique, PNF technique and Rood method mainly, with 1-2 hours per day and five times per week.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The patients were evaluated within 7days after admission and reassessed 3 days before discharge using FIM,including 18 items of motor and cognitive functions and 126 total scores (108-126 as elementarily or completely independent, 72-107 as mildly dependent, 54-71 as moderately dependent, 36-53 as severely dependent,18-35 as extremely or completely dependent). Multiple stepwise regression equation was applied to analyze the relation of above factors and functional recovery (increased value of FIM total score).RESULTS: Totally 55 patients were involved into the result analysis.①FIM total score of patients was significantly higher at discharge than at admission (93.8±12.0, 68.8±11.6, P ＜ 0.001), and motor function and cognitive function at discharge also increased compare with at admission (P ＜ 0.001).②Mean value of FIM motor score increased everyday was identical with that of total score (0.56±0.21, 0.59±0.21), and higher than mean value of cognitive score (0.03±0.03).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed,scores of motor and cognitive status at admission, age, time interval from stroke onset to arrival at rehabilitative admission all affected the increased value of FIM total scores. No significant association between gender, comorbidity, laterality lesion of paralysis and functional recovery was observed (P ＞ 0.05). The most influential factors were orderly motor function,cognitive function at admission, age and time interval from stroke onset to arrival at rehabilitation admission.CONCLUSION: Motor and cognitive function at admission, age and time interval from stroke onset to arrival at rehabilitative admission have a no table relationship with functional recovery of stroke patients, especially motor function at admission is positively related. Thus we should not neglect the influence of these factors when conducting rehabilitative treatment.

Skeletal muscle contractile properties are determined by their myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression profiles partly. Spinal cord injury induced the adaptation change in MHC isoform mRNAs and protein expression of skeletal muscle below the injured level, leading to the increased expression of fast and decreased expression of slow MHC isoforms. The adaptations in the MHC-mRNAs preceded the changes in proteins. The degree and velocity of MHC isoform adaptation were dependent on differenrt muscle and animal species. Short-term training could not induce the significant change of the transformation of MHC isoform, whereas long-term stepping training which emphasized load bearing could attenuate the MHC shift from slow toward faster isoforms.

Background and purpose:Unbalance of apoptosis regulation plays an important role in tumor initiation and progression.Survivin and caspase-3 all take part in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis.We investigated the role of survivin and caspase-3 in apoptosis of gastric carcinoma,as well as its relationship with the clinicopathologic features and the prognosis of gastric carcinoma by using tissue microarray.Methods:The gastric cancer tissue microarrays were composed of tissues from 100 cases of carcinoma of the stomach without a history of chemo-radiation therapy and 30 gastric tissues of control subject.The diameter of each specimen on tissue microarrays was 2.0 mm.Expressions of survivin,caspase-3 were investigated immunohistochemically on these tissue microarrays.Tumor cell apoptosis index was also examined by TUNEL method.Of the 100 cases,47 cases were followed-up from 14 months to 13 years,in which the prognosis was analyzed.Results:Two paraffin-embedded gastric carcinoma tissue microarrays were successfully constructed,including 114 and 116 tissue spots,respectively.Immunohistochemical analysis showed that survivin expression was positive in 78 cases(78%) in this series.In contrast,no expression of survivin in control tissues was detected(P

AIM: To determine the content of emodin and physcion in rat plasma by nonaqueous RP-HPLC. METHODS: After hydrolysis and extraction, the content of emodin in the plasma was determined by nonaqueous RP-HPLC. The separation was performed on Kromasil C 18 column (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5.0 ?m) with the mobile phase comprised of methanol-acetic acid (99.9∶0.1). The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min -1 and the detection wavelength was at 254 nm. RESULTS: The linear ranges for emodin and physcion were in the range of 0.0425-2.8 ?g?mL -1 and 0.0491-3.14 ?g?mL -1 , respectively. The average recoveries of emodin and physcion were 95.7%-100.1% and 96.2%-99.8%, with corresponding RSD of 1.3% and 1.6% respectively. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, rapid, accurate and reproducible with RP-HPLC to detect rhein in plasma.

Background Laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia will change corneal asphericity and further affect the quality of vision.However,how operating parameters such as ablation depth and optic zone diameter affect corneal asphericity is still rarely reported.Objective Aim of this study was to investigate the influence of corneal ablation depth and optic zone diameter on corneal asphericity after LASIK for myopia.Methods This prospective study comprised 175 eyes of 89 patients with the spherical equivalent of (-5.93± 1.98)D and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≥ 1.0.The flap creation with the femtosecond laser combine iris recognize guided LASIK was performed on the patients who were available for the evaluation at postoperative 6 months.Corneal aspherical index (Q value) at the central corneal 6.0 mm were measured with Orbscan IIz-corneal topography before and 6 months after operation.Corneal ablation depth and optic zone diameter were recorded in operation.The changes of visual acuity and spherical equivalent before and after surgery were compared by self-control method,and the correlations between corneal ablation depth or optic zone diameter with alteration of Q value (AQ) after LASIK were assessed using multiple regression analysis.Results The mean spherical power,cylinder diopter and spherical equivalent were (-5.57 ± 1.89) D,(-0.71 ±0.55) D and (-5.93 ± 1.98) D before surgery,and those after surgery were (-0.25 ±0.30),(-0.14±0.22)D and (-0.32±0.37)D,showing significant differences between before and 6 months after LASIK (t=-32.39,-23.91,-35.18,all at P＜0.01).The Q values at the central corneal 6.0 mm were -0.13 ± 0.09 (-0.47-0.08) in preoperation and 1.09 ± 0.54 (0.22-2.51) in postoperation,with a significant increase in postoperation (t=29.37,P＜0.01).Corneal ablation depth was (95±28) μm and optic zone diameter was (6.32±0.26)mm.Ablation depth appeared to be positive correlation with AQ (β =0.803),and optic zone diameter showed a negative correlation with AQ (β =-0.149),with a multiple regression formula AQ =1.517+0.015×ablation depth-0.3 ×optic zone diameter.Conclusions LASIK for myopia increase corneal Q value.The increase of corneal ablation depth and decrease of optic zone diameter contribute to enlargement of corneal Q value.

Objective To evaluate the validity of Community Extremity Disability Assessment Schedule (CEDA) in community rehabilitation. Methods 313 patients with hemiplegia after stroke were divided into rehabilitation group and control group. The rehabilitation group received community-based rehabilitation (CBR) for 3 months, and was assessed with Community Extremity Disability Assessment Schedule before and 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after rehabilitation respectively. And it was compared with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). The control group received the same evaluation only. Results The scores of CEDA and FMA improved more in the rehabilitation group than in the control group 2 months after rehabilitation (P<0.01). The score of CEDA positively correlated with the FMA (r=0.643, P<0.01). Conclusion CEDA can be used to evaluate the efficacy of community rehabilitation.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of knee osteoarthritis treated by abdominal acupuncture combined with sodium hyaluronate injected in intraarticular.Methods 120 patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into observation group and control group,60 patients in each group.The observation group was treated by abdominal acupuncture combined with sodium hyaluronate injected in intraarticular.The control group was treated with intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate alone.Results After a follow up of 6 months, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.00%,which was higher than 78.33% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (x2=7.21,P<0.01).Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate is a good way to treat middle and old age patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objective To understand the current distribution of infected snails in Anhui Province.Methods The data of snail survey were collected,the database was set up and the position of environments of infected snails were determined with GPS,the E-map was established with ArcGis 9.1 and the distribution of infected snail was analyzed.Results In 2007,331 environments with infected snails were found in Anhui Province,and 62.5% of them were found in the lake regions and 37.5% in the mountainous areas.The infected snail habitat areas were 682.6 hm2,85.5% of them were distributed in the lake regions and 14.5% in the mountainous areas.The river beach and the canal were the main environments with infected snails in the lake regions and mountainous areas,respectively;and 97.2% of the environments with infected snail were distributed in the infection-uncontrolled villages or villages which reached the criteria of infection control of schistosomiasis.Grassland was the main vegetation with infected snails,and the second was the reeds and trees.Conclusions The current endemic situation of the infection-uncontrolled villages or villages which reached the criteria of infection control of schistosomiasis is severe and should be emphasized for schistosomiasis prevention and control.The distribution of infected snail is connected with the river system.In the lake regions,the infected snails are distributed over the bottomlands of the Yangtze River and tributaries and islets and lakes;in the mountainous areas,the infected snails are distributed in the rivers banks and irrigated areas or special environments.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of chrysophanol( Chry) on immune function of lead poi-soning mice. Methods The lead poisoning model was established by peritoneally injecting mice with 7 mg · kg-1 lead acetate every day for 8 days. After Chry was ip injected for 14 days,spleen and thymus index, the white blood cell count, T, B lymphocyte proliferation, phagocytic function of macrophages, natural killer cell ( NK cell) activity were detected. The concentrations of IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4,IL-10 in the lead poisoning mice ser-um were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) . Results Intraperitoneal injection of 7 mg · kg-1 lead acetate for 8 consecutive days could cause an immunity decline in lead poisoning mice, Chry could significantly improve the immunity of lead poisoning mice. Compared with model group, Chry sig-nificantly improved growth rate, viscera index and white blood cell count of lead poisoning mice at differ-ent extent ( P<0 . 05 or P<0. 01 ) . Chry ( 1 . 0 ,10 . 0 mg·kg-1 ) significantly increased the B,T lymphocyte proliferation ( P<0 . 01 ) and the phagocytosis of macro-phage and NK cell activity ( P <0 . 01 ) . Compared with the control group, the concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2 , IL-4 , IL-10 of lead poisoning mice serum were significantly reduced ( P <0 . 01 ) . Compared with the model group, Chry (1. 0、10. 0 mg·kg-1 ) significant-ly increased the concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2 , IL-4 , IL-10 ( P <0. 01 ) , while there were no significant changes in (0. 1 mg·kg-1 ) concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2 , IL-4 in Chry ( 0 . 1 mg · kg-1 ) treatment group ( P>0. 05 ) , only IL-10 was significantly increased in Chry ( 0 . 1 mg · kg-1 ) treatment group ( P<0 . 05 ) . Conclusion Chry can significantly improve the im-mune function of lead poisoning mice.