OBJECTIVE:To study the cooperative effect of arsenic trioxide(As 2 O 3 )and octreotide on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)SMMC-7721and to observe the combining effect of the two drugs.METHODS:The killing effect of drugs was determined by MTT;the cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry(FCM);the drug combination analysis was conducted by the moderate efficiency principle.RESULTS:The combination of arsenic trioxide and octreotide significantly inhibited cell proliferation of SMMC-7721in vitro;and the moderate efficiency concentration of As 2 O 3 and oc-treotide in combination was2.022?mol/L and8.088?mol/L respectively,which were lower than those when used singly.The combination of two drugs can inhibit HCC at the S-phase.The combination index was less than1if the combining domino offect of As 2 O 3 and octreotide was more than0.3.CONCLUSION:Combination of As 2 O 3 and octreotide in vitro can signifi-cantly increase the inhibition effect of each single one on the proliferation of SMMC-7721and the combination of two has a better anticarcinogenic effect when the domino offect of the combination is above0.3.

Based on the issue of medical English teaching, according to the immersion theory,we improved teachers' oral English, gave students a good foreign language circumstance, set students as the teaching center.to let them join the teaching activity and graspe medical English. All teaching reform worked well.

A safe and effective vaccine against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is expected to have a considerable impact on elimination of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Despite decades of effort, an effective vaccine against HIV-1 remains elusive. In recent years, the Thai HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trial (known as RV144) showed a reduction in HIV-1 acquisition by 31%, but this agent could not delay disease progression in vaccinated individuals. Clinical analyses of experimental data and experiments in vitro have revealed two main types of immunogen design: induction of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody (bNAb) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. bNAb can prevent or reduce acquisition of infection, and its main immunogens are virus-like particles, natural envelope trimers and stable bNAb epitopes. An effective CTL response can slow-down viral infection, and its main immunogens are "mosaic" vaccines, "conserved immunogens", and the "fitness landscape" of HIV-1 proteins. This review summarizes the strategies as well as progress in the design and testing of HIV-1 immunogens to elicit bNAb and CTL responses.
AIDS Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; Drug Design ; HIV Antibodies ; immunology ; HIV Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans

Special weight has been laid on young teachers in the buildup of teaching staff in medical universities.Aimed at promoting their active and creative involvement in exploring their potentials and helping them develop into qualified teachers in the current new era,this article performs some tentative research on approaches to their self-improvement.

Objective To investigated the effect of somatostatin(SS)on cholecystokinin-induced alterations of exocrine function and the redistribution of the F-actin in the pancreatic acinar cells.MethodsIn vitro,isolated rat pancreatic acini were divided into 12 groups:normal control group,different concentrations ofcholecystokinin-octapeptide groups(CCK-8)of 10-12,10-11,10-10,10-9 or 10-8 mol/L,SS group(10-7mol/L),SS and different dose CCK-8 groups.The acinar cells were stimulated with different concentrations of CCK-8 for 30 min in the presence or absence of 10-7 mol/L SS.Amylase and trypsin activity were measured using corresponding assay kits,and F-actin distribution in pancreatic acinar cells were detected by laser confocal microscopy.ResultsSS stabilized the structure of cytoskeleton in acinar cells,and remarkably increased the ratio of subapical/basolateral F-actin(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the treatment for tibial exposure wounds.

METHODS39 patients with tibial exposure wounds were divided into three groups according to the exposure location (upper, medium and below). The local muscular flaps were designed to cover the tibial exposure, followed by skin grafts and VSD. VSD was removed one week later.

RESULTSAll the muscular flap and skin graft survived. Mild epidermis erosion happened in 2 cases, which healed spontaneously after dressing. The patients were followed up for 3-6 months with good healing and no walking malfunction.

CONCLUSIONSThe local muscular flap combined with skin graft and VSD is a simple and effective method for tibial exposure wound with short healing time and high successful rate.

Humans ; Lacerations ; surgery ; Skin ; injuries ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Tibia ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing

Objective To observe the characteristics of the choroidal circulation in the macular area in patients with high myopia. Methods Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed in 25 cases (44 eyes) with high myopia, 16 cases (20 eyes) of low to moderate myopia, and 19 cases (24 eyes) of normal eyes using TOPCON50IA fundus fluorescein photographic system. The filling time of fluorescence in the choroid at the earlier stage and the filling time of fluorescence in the choroidal vessels in each group were compared. The relationship of the abnormal fluorescence configuration and the blood perfusion in the choroidal capillary vessels with the corrected visual acuity was analyzed. Results The filling time of fluorescence in the choroid at the earlier stage in eyes with high myopia and the filling time of fluorescence in the choroid in the macular area were significantly different from those of the control ( P

Objective To evaluate immune protective effects of Treponema pallidum(Tp)pcD/Tp92 DNA vaccine delivered through different inoculation routes against Tp-induced skin infection in New Zealand rabbits. Methods A total of 108 New Zealand rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 6 groups:A1 and A2 groups treated with intramuscular injection of empty plasmids pcD and pcD/Tp92 DNA vaccine respectively for 2 sessions, B1, B2, C1 and C2 groups firstly treated with intramuscular injection of the pcD/Tp92 DNA vaccine for 1 session for primary immunization, then receiving nasogastric feeding with pcD/Tp92 DNA vaccine, pcD/Tp92 DNA vaccine+cytosine-phosphate-guanine(CpG)oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), and recombinant Tp92 protein, and recombinant Tp92 protein+CpG ODN respectively for booster immunization. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was conducted to detect the serum level of anti-Tp92 IgG antibody at week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 after immunization, the SIgA level in the nasopharyngeal region and vaginal mucosa at week 8 after immunization, as well as levels of interleukin-2(IL-2)and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)in the culture supernatant of rabbit spleen cells at week 8 after immunization, and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay was performed to estimate proliferative activity of rabbit splenic lymphocytes in three rabbits from each group. At week 10 after immunization, other 15 rabbits from each group were subcutaneously inoculated with Tp standard strain, and changes of skin lesions at the inoculation site during early-stage infection were observed and recorded. Results At week 8 after immunization, the C2 group showed significantly higher serum level of anti-Tp92 IgG antibody(1.825 ± 0.175), supernatant levels of IL-2 (154.7 ± 14.6)and IFN-γ(277.4 ± 24.4), and proliferative activity of T cells(3.57 ± 0.24)compared with the A2(1.372 ± 0.322, 112.3 ± 13.4, 232.8 ± 25.3, 3.08 ± 0.22, respectively, all P<0.05), B1(0.893 ± 0.297, 76.6 ± 21.5, 165.7 ± 22.6, 2.12 ± 0.14, respectively, all P<0.05)and B2(1.294 ± 0.124, 97.3 ± 18.7, 211.3 ± 24.6, 2.88 ± 0.18, respectively, all P<0.05)groups. In addition, effective immunoprotection was achieved in the C2 group with more production of mucosa-specific SIgA antibody, as well as the lowest Tp-positive rate (6.67%) and ulcer formation rate (6.67%) in skin lesions at the inoculation sites. Conclusion The effective vaccination strategy, namely intramuscular injection of the pcD/Tp92 DNA vaccine for primary immunization followed by nasogastric feeding with mucosal adjuvant CpG ODN combined with recombinant Tp92 protein for booster immunization, can induce the strongest mucosal immune responses and immune protective effects.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Changji’an capsules on abdominal pain and the molecular mechanism re-lated to calcitoningene-related peptide(CGRP)and corticosterone(CORT)in diarrhea-predominant irratable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)model rats. METHODS:After the rat models of IBS-D were established by the method of separation of breast mick combined with stimulation with acetic acid,the rats were randomly divided into model group(isometric normal saline),pinaverium bromide group(0.018 g/kg),and Changji’an capsules high,medium and low dose groups(2.812 g/kg,1.406 g/kg and 0.703 g/kg),and another SD rats were included in the normal control group(isometric normal saline). The drugs were given to the rats once a day for consecutive 14 d,ig. Injection of normal saline method was adopted to determine the rat’s sensibility to abdominal pain. The en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was adopted to determine the content of CORT in the serum of the rats. Subjected to re-verse transcription polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR)was adopted to determine the expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothala-mus and colon tissues of the rats. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,threshold values of arching the back and stick-ing out the abdomen were decreased,the content of CORT in serum and expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and co-lon tissues in model group were increased,with significant difference(P<0.01). Compared with model group,threshold values of arching the back and sticking out the abdomen were increased,the content of CORT in serum and expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and colon tissues in pinaverium bromide group and Changji’an capsules high and medium dose groups were de-creased;the threshold value of arching the back in Changji’an capsules low dose group were increased,with significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Changji’an capsules can improve the abdominal pain in rats with IBS-D by a mechanism that may be related to the decrease in the expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and colon tissues and the reduc-tion of the content of CORT in serum.

Aim To investigate the effect of magnesi-um isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG)on radiation -induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and the mechanism.Meth-ods Fifty female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divid-ed into control group,irradiation (RT)group,MgIG group,RT +MgIG group and RT +dexamethasone (DXM)group,with 1 0 mice in each group.Except for control group and MgIG group,the remaining mice were given a single 1 5Gy 60 Co γray on whole lung. The mice in each group were administered 2 h before irradiation and each day after irradiation:MgIG group and RT +MgIG group were administered with MgIG (1 00 mg·kg -1 )by intraperitoneal injection;control group and RT group were administered with normal sa-line (20 mL·kg -1 )by intraperitoneal injection;RT+DXMgroup was administered with DXM(0.5 mg· kg -1 )by intraperitoneal injection.After 1 2 weeks,the mice were sacrificed and lung tissues were taken out. The degree of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis were observed by HE staining and Masson staining.The ex-pressions of type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅲ collagen and TGF-β1 protein were detected by immunohistochem-isty.Results The alveolitis,pulmonary fibrosis and expressions of type Ⅰ collagen,type Ⅲ collagen, TGF-β1 ,p-Smad2,p-Smad3 increased significantly in RT group compared with control group (P <0.05 ), and were significantly lower in RT +MgIG group and RT +DXMgroup than those in RT group(P <0.05). Conclusion MgIG can improve radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mouse lung tissue,and its mech-anism may be related to the influence of MgIG on TGF-βsignaling pathway.