Rapid development of personalized medicine in cancer treatments needs urgent support of proper tumor biomarkers.Comparing to tissue tests,serum/plasma tumor biomarkers show advantages in easy sample collection and flexibility of detecting methods.Nowadays,large scales of investigations have discovered sufficient blood tumor biomarkers for preclinical diagnosis and evaluation of clinical treatment or prognosis,with the development of screening techniques and strategies.Moreover,tremendous promotion would appear in cancer diagnosis and treatment with future profound investigation and rigorous verification from clinical practice.

To investigate the mechanism of Xiefei Dingchuan injection (XFDCI,泻肺定喘注射液) in treating pulmonary hypertension by means of measuring the activity of Ca2＋Mg2＋ ATPase and Na＋K＋ATPase of red blood cell(RBC) membrane.Methods:The pulmonary hypertension models induced by monocrotaline in 18 rats were established then treated with XFDCI.Using cardiac catheter and chromatometry respectively the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and the activities of Ca2＋Mg2＋ATPase and Na＋K＋ATPase of RBC membrane were measured.Results:The activities of Ca2＋Mg2＋ATPase and Na＋K＋ATPase of RBC membrane in XFDCI group were obviously higher than those in pulmonary hypertension group.Conclusions:XFDCI is able to reduce the pulmonary hypertension and its mechanisms may be related to increasing the activities of Ca2＋Mg2＋ATPase and Na＋K＋ATPase of RBC membrane.

Objective To establish the healthcare management mode for pregnant women adapting to the characteristics of transient population which can safeguard the maternal and infant health or reduce the maternal mortality rate and prenatal mortality rate. Methods Five suburban communities of Chaoyang District, Haidian District and Fengtai District of Beijing were chosen as intervention group, which received systemic healthcare management of pregnant women in transient population, another five suburban communities were selected as control group. Results Both maternal mortality rate and prenatal mortality rate in intervention group were lower than those in control group. To evaluate the effect of systemic healthcare for pregnant women, an average of four antenatal clinic visits were completed in intervention group and eight visits in control group. There was no statistical difference in occurrence of maternal complications, newborn weight and occurrence rate of neonatal asphyxia between two groups. The expense of hospital vaginal delivery was no more than 1000 yuan in intervention group and more than 1000 yuan in control group, while the outcomes of mothers and neonates in two groups had no significant difference. Conclusion The systemic healthcare and community management mode for pregnant women in transient population can safeguard the maternal and infant health with scientific, practical, and replica-ble significances.

Objective To investigate the relationship between adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) mRNA and protein expressions and chemotherapeutic efficacy and drug resistance in breast cancer patients. Methods 24 patients with breast cancer were selected as study subjects, all patients were treated with anthracycline chemotherapy after chemotherapy, according to WHO criteria, the patients were divided into effective group, stable group and advanced group according to chemotherapy effect. The levels of ABCG2 mRNA and protein in the breast tissue were detected by qPCR and ELISA before and after chemotherapy. Results After chemotherapy, the total effective rate was 41.67%, 58.33% of patients still developed drug resistance. The expressions of ABCG2 mRNA and protein in patients after chemotherapy were significantly higher than those before chemotherapy (P<0.05). The expressions of ABCG2 mRNA and protein were significantly lower in the effective group than in the stable group and advanced group (P<0.05). The expressions of ABCG2 mRNA and protein in the stable group was significantly lower than that in the advanced group (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression level of ABCG2 was correlated with the chemotherapeutic efficacy and drug resistance of breast cancer patients. The higher the ABCG2 expression level, the stronger the ability of promoting the excretion of drugs, the more significant the drug resistance of tumor cells and the worsen the chemotherapy effect.

As the precision medicine has been proposed , personalized therapy in cancer steps into a new stage.Since the development of gene molecular biology in lung cancer , numerous molecular targets were discovered.However, selecting patients who will be the most likely to benefit from the therapy is still a great challenge in clinical practice .Companion diagnosis could help evaluate the status of patients , which may provide better suggestions for health care professionals during treatment decision , in order to benefit the patients and decline the side effects risk together .Besides, high-throughput sequencing technics and diverse detection samples has provided a novel direction to understand the tumorigenesis and find more potential gene targets.

Objective To investigate the effect of community nursing intervention on hypertension combined with diabetes in elderly patients.Methods Five hundred and twenty elderly hypertensive patients with diabetes aged over 60 years in 10 communities of Shenzhen were randomly divided into a control group and a study group,260 cases in each group.All the patients in the two groups were given regular follow-ups in community clinics after discharge.Then the control group received instructions on relevant knowledge by the nurses in the community clinics,while the study group received nursing intervention by phone calls or visits by professional nurses once a month.The two groups were compared in terms of blood pressure,blood sugar and blood lipids 12 months after intervention.Results There were no significant differences in blood pressure,blood sugar and blood lipids between the two groups before the intervention(all P>0.05).After intervention,however,the differences were significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Community nursing intervention may effectively improve hypertension and diabetes in the elderly patients by improving the levels of blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid,thereby reducing the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

Objective To study the effect of Qi-Gong relaxation training on the operation-related psychological stress and the post-operative psychosomatic adjustment in upper-abdominal surgery patients. Methods Forty-two patients undergoing upper-abdominal surgery in intervention group were instructed to do Qi-Gong relaxation training, and forty patients matched were controls without Qi-Gong relaxation training. On the day before surgery, a self-developed patients' pre-operative appraisal questionnaire, a self-developed patients' pre-operative behavior rating questionnaire for completion by medical workers, and State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) of State -Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used in two groups. In an hour before operation，the shift of the mean value of pulse and systolic pressure of every case compared with the base line measured at his (or her) admission was also recorded. After surgery, patients were assessed with a self-developed patients' post-operative appraisal questionnaire, a self-developed patients' post-operative behavior rating questionnaire for completion by medical workers and SAI of STAI. Besides, the indexes of physical rehabilitation, including intestinal aerofluxus, total dosage of analgesia and so on, were recorded. Data were analysed in t-test with SPSS. Results Compared with controls, the patients in intervention group had more positive anticipation about the following operation, lower pre- and post-operative anxiety, and lighter post-operative pain experience. There was no difference in the indexes of physical rehabilitation between two groups. Conclusions Qi-Gong relaxation training could lead patients to better psychological adjustment both before and after operation. This finding suggests that Qi-Gong relaxation training could be used as an effective psycho-behavior intervention in abdominal surgery patients.

Objective To explore the effects of batroxobin on the microcirculation of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods A total of 38 patients with SAP were randomly divided into group A (21 cases) and group B (17 cases). Patients in group A were treated with routine method andpatients in greup B were treated with routine method plus batroxobin injection. Another 18 normal individuals were used as control. The levels of plasma endothelin (ET), thromboxane B_2 (TXB_2) and 6-keto-PGF_(1α)were measured by radioimmunoassay. At the same time, the ratio of TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α) was observed. The Balthazar CT and APACHE Ⅱ scores were monitored and compared between group A and group B. Results The levels of plasma 6-keto-PGF_(1α) were significantly higher while the levels of plasma ET, TXB_2 and the ratio of TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1α) were significantly lower in group B at 6 days after admission [(129.3 ± 12.9) ng/L, (93.8 ± 9.9) ng/L, (254.4 ± 24.9) ng/L and 1.83 ± 0.31]as compared with those in group B on admission [(98.9 ± 10.7) ng/L, (140.3 ± 13.1) ng/L, (311.4 ± 31.5) ng/L and 3.16 ± 0.54]and group A at 6 days after admission [(108.2 ± 11.6) ng/L, (120.3 ± 11.4) ng/L, (308.5 ± 31.1) ng/L and 2.84 ± 0.43](P < 0.05). The Balthazar CT and APACHE Ⅱ scores in group B at 6 days after admission were significantly lower than those in group B on admission and group A at 6 days after admission (P< 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion Batroxobin is an effective way to improve the microcirculation in SAP.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of pyrosequencing assay for determining K-ras mutations in exon 2 codons 12 and 13 in clinical colorectal cancer tissues.Methods Genomic DNA,extracted from K-ras mutant cell lines SW480 (homozygous,c.35G ＞ T), DLD-1 (heterozygous,c.38G ＞ A) and wild-type HT-29,was first used as the sequencing template respectively to test the accuracy of pyrosequencing methodology.The SW480 and DLD-1 DNA was separately mixed with wild-type HT-29 DNA in proportions of 2％,3％,5％,10％,20％,30％ and 50％,the sensitivity for mutation detection was measured separately by pyrosequencing assay and directed Sanger DNA sequencing in the serial DNA mixture samples.The pyrosequencing assay results were compared with the corresponding Sanger sequencing and the datas were analysized by Fisher exact test.Pyrosequencing analysis was then performed for screening K-ras exon 2 mutations at codons 12 and 13 on DNA isolated from a panel of 30 colorectal cancer samples derived fromclinicalformalin-fixed andparaffinembedded(FFPE)tissues.ResultsCancer cell lines with known K-ras mutations ( SW480 and DLD-1 ) were readily detectable by pyrosequencing-based analysis.When the proportions of mutant colorectal cancer cell line DNA were 5％ and 10％ content,the mutation rates of K-ras gene detected by conventional Sanger DNA sequencing were 33.3％ (4/12) and 58.3％ (7/12) respectively,whereas the mutation rates detected by pyrosequencingbased assay were 91.7％ (11/12) and 100％(12/12) respectively,there were significant differences between those two sequencing methodology ( P ＜0.05).Furthermore,we found 10 patients with K-ras exon 2 point mutations at codons 12 and 13 by pyrosequencing-based assay from 30 colorectal cancer FFPE tissues,the point mutation rate was 33.3％ (10/30) and all of the mutations determined were heterozygous.The codon 12 was most frequently affected [30％ (9/30)].Mutations with the highest frequency were G ＞ A transitions [ 50％ ( 5/10 ) ],followed by G ＞ T transversions [ 30％ ( 3/10 ) ].Conclusion The pyrosequencing assay provides an accurate and sensitive method for mutation screening of K-ras exon 2 codons 12 and 13 in routine diagnostic specimens,thereby allowing the selection of the cancer treatment in clinical individualized practice.

Objective To study the cytogenetic changes in HPV-immortalized cells(SHEE)for further investigating the esophageal carcinogenesis. Methods Giemsa staining was used to show the modal number of chromosomes.G-banding was done to observe the chromosomal aberrations.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)of the interphase nuclei with the centromere probes of chromosome 1,7 and 8 were performed to determine the numerical abnormalities. Results The modal numbers at passage 10 and 20 were 58-63 and 57-64, respectively.Passage 61 had a bimodal distribution 58-61 and 63-65.The structural aberrations could almost be found in all of karyotypes.The following structural aberrations were identified:1.del(1)(q12);2.del(1)(p32);3.der(4),t(4;?)(q31;?);4.der(5),t(5:?)(q31;?).FISH results showed that trisomy 1 and tetrasomy 7 markedly increased with the increase of passages and disomy 8 kept in faint change in all passages.Conclusion The modal number moved right slowly in the graph of the modal distribution and the increases of chromosomal numbers were in imbalance with increases of passages of SHEE.The structural aberrations of chromosome were found in most of karyotypes.Our results suggest that the cell immortalization is a multistep process involved in the multiple chromosomes.;