Objective To summarize studies about palliative care (PC) in mainland China and to provide a guidance for propagandizing the concept of palliative care and to carry out related investigations.Methods Key words of Shu Huan Yi Xue,Gu Xi Zhi Liao,An Ning Liao Hu,Ling Zhong Guan Huai,Shu Huan Yi Liao,together with conception,acceptance were used in CBM.And palliative care AND China AND(acceptance OR acknowledgement OR concept OR conception) were used in PubMed.Above searches were for articles,without any other limitations such as publishing date,author,journal,type or language.Eligible articles investigating acceptance of palliative care in mainland China were screened out with artificial work.Descriptive analysis was adopted as a statistic method.Results A total of 35 articles related with palliative care were picked out.Most of the investigation methods were questionnaire.The palliative care-accepting degrees were 25.3 ％ to 86.6％ in overall,25.3％ ～70.8％ in the elderly,30.8％ ～ 56.2％ in advanced stage of cancers,61.7％ ～ 68.4％ in families of patients,and 56.6％～95.8％ in health care workers.In the subgroup analysis,the acceptance showed no difference between genders.But age,followed by careers,degrees of medical education and religions and nationalities were all effective factors for the acceptance of palliative care,which was mostly agreed in all the articles.Conclusions People in mainland China are insufficient very much in the perception of palliative care idea.More publicity and education are needed to popularize the palliative care idea.More studies with better design and more rigorous protocol are needed to have a better understanding of the acceptance of palliative care.

@@

@@

Detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the most commonly used screening method for prostate cancer. However, many studies have found that the false positive rate and false negative rate of PSA detection for prostate cancer screening are very high, which easily leads to the overuse of PSA detection. Autoantibodies appear at the early stage of cancer, accompany the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. Autoantibodies have a long half-life and are easy to detect. Existing studies have found that autoantibodies can be used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and correlated with some prognostic indicators such as Gleason grade and overall survival (OS) of prostate cancer patients. This paper summarized 8 studies on the role of single autoantibody in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Most of the reported single autoantibodies have better diagnostic performance than PSA, and combined application could improve the diagnostic performance. Some autoantibodies are related to a poor prognosis of prostate cancer.

Objective To study the factors influencing the recurrence of aggressive fibromatosis(AF) patients.Methods Analyze clinical features and find out factors affecting AF recurrence with univariate and multivariate analysis. Results One hundred and three AF patients were analyzed. Diameter of all the masses was (7.84?5.62)cm. 98.2% of all patients received surgery and radical resection rate is 79.4%. First recurrent time after surgery of male and female is (1563?377) and (2117?3704) days for male and female cases respectively,it's (2723?461),(657?262),(2090?499),(812?220) and (721?234) days for that of abdomen wall、head and neck(H & N),deep mass,joints and chest wall. Recurrent time is (2232?271) and (1347?267) days for those with or without surgery history patients. Univariate analysis showed that gender,tumor site and surgery history of tumor site are prognostic factors of tumor recurrence. Multivariate analysis suggest that only surgery history of tumor site is an independant prognostic factors of AF recurrence after surgery. Conclusion Gender,tumor location and surgery history of tumor site can be valuable to predict postsurgery recurrence of AF.

Objective To study whether suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) slices are able to induce the molecular oscillations in NIH/3T3 fibroblast. Methods SCN slices from 10-day-old SD rat and NIH/3T3 cells were co-cultured in a serum-free condition. 24h mRNA profiles of Per1 and Rev-Erbα were measured in NIH/3T3 cells using real-time PCR. Results After co-cultured for 6 days, ten SCN slices can induce the significant daily oscillation of Per1 and Rev-Erba mRNA expression in NIH/3T3 cells (P<0.01). The peak time Rev-erbα and Per1 were at CT5 and CT11 respectively. Rev-Erbα oscillations were significant even with two SCN slices and 2 days co-culture (P<0.05). In contrast, Per1 expression fluctuation was not observed until more than 6 days of co-culture and with six SCN slices (P=0.031). Conclusion Diffusible signals release from SCN slices can regulate molecular rhythms in cultured fibroblasts. Rev-Erbα and Per1 don't start to oscillate at the same time, and Rev-Erbα is more sensitive to SCN signal.

Objective:To introduce a technique of second order wave-shaped arch wire to orthodontically treat dental occlusal plane canting (DOPC) with left-right interactive anchorage,and to test its clinical efficacy.Methods:Among the permanent dentition malocclusion patients who showed no obvious facial asymmetry,we screened for patients who showed anterior occlusal plane canting (AOPC) after routine orthodontic examination,treatment planning,MBT fixed appliance installation and serial arch wires alignment.Each patient had been clinically appraised in frontal view by 2 orthodontists and the patient him/herself;if all 3 agreed that the AOPC was obvious,the patient was included.By this means,we ineluded 37 patients,including 10 males and 27 females;the average age was (21.9 ± 5.2) years.To correct AOPC,opposite direction equal curvature second order rocking-chair curve was bent on each side of 0.46 mm × 0.56 mm stainless steel edgewise wire.With reference to normal occlusal plane,a curve toward the occlusal surface was made to extrude under-erupted teeth on one side while a curve toward the gingiva was made to intrude over-erupted teeth on the other side,so that the arch wire was made into a wave shape in vertical dimension.Before and after application of wave-shaped arch wire,frontal facial photographs were taken when the patient's mouth was open slightly with lips retracted to show anterior occlusal plane (AOP) clearly.An AOP was constructed by connecting the center of the slot in the medial edge of canine bracket on each side in the photograph.The angles between the bipupillary plane (BPP)and the constructed AOP were measured in ImageJ1.48v software and the angle differences before and af ter treatment were compared with paired Wilcoxon test in SPSS 10.0 software.Results:The wave-shaped arch could correct AOPC effectively in 3 to 10 months time with an average of 5.5 ± 1.7 months;the angles between AOP and BBP before treatment ranged from 2.90° to 6.12° with a median of 4.01°;after treatment the angles were from-0.17° to 2.57° with a median of 1.87°,the decrease of the angles between AOP and BBP after treatment ranged from 1.08° to 4.15° with a median of 2.21 Paired Wilcoxon test P was 0.000.Conclusion:The wave-shaped arch can be used independently or in combination with other treatment methods,which can take advantage of left and right interactive anchorage to correct AOPC effectively,so it has certain application value in clinical practice.

AIM: To observe the protective effect of heat stress preconditioning on endothelial cells under anoxia and explore its mechanism. METHODS: The endothelial cells were divided into 4 groups: (1) anoxia; (2) heat stress; (3) heat stress preconditioning + hypoxia; (4) control. LDH activity was measrued by using Automatic Biochemistry Analysis-Meter. Cell death rate was determined by trypan blue, NO production was tested by measuring NO - 2/NO - 3 content in cellular culture medium by using Griess assay. RESULTS: LDH release and cell death rate of the anoxia endothelial cells significantly increased compared with control; 39℃ heat stress preconditioning reduced those increment by 29、47%, 33.67% respectively. 41℃ heat stress preconditioning has no protection against the anoxia-induced injury in endothelial cells. The NO production in anoxic endothelial cells decreased markedly. 39℃ heat stress preconditioning induced the increase in NO production in endothelial cells, but 41℃ heat stress preconditioning made the NOS activity decrease. The NO production was correlated negatively with LDH release and cell death rate in anoxic endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: The heat stress preconditioning within the limits can protect the endothelial cells from anoxia injury. The increase in NO in endothelial cells may play an important role in the mechanism of the protective effect.

Objective To investigate effects of magnetic stimulation on apoptosis of nerve cells and the production of inducible nitric oxidate synthase (iNOS) after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Thirty-two SpragueDawley male rats were randomly divided into a magnetic stimulation group (n = 16) and a control group (n = 16).SCI models were established by spinal cord transection in both groups. Rats were sacrificed at the 6th, 12th, 24th and 72nd hour post-injury, but the rats in the stimulation group received magnetic stimulation before being sacrificed.Apoptosis index (AI) and iNOS-positive cells rate were recorded at each time point. Results Apoptotic cells could be observed by the 6th hour post-injury, and were elevated from the 24th to the 72th hour. iNOS-positive cells were few at the first two time points, but had increased significantly at the 24th and 72nd hour post-injury. Compared with the control group, the apoptosis index of the stimulation group decreased a little at the 6th and 12th hour, but not significantly. The difference was quite significant at the 24th and 72nd hour, however, and the AI in the stimulation group decreased much more than that in the control group. There was little difference in the rate of iNOS-positive cells between the control and stimulation groups at any time point. Conclusions Magnetic stimulation could inhibit neural apoptosis and protect neurons from secondary SCI, but it has little effect on iNOS production.

Objective: To analyze the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) combining left bundle branch block (LBBB) conformed to new diagnostic standard. Methods: A total of 19 CHF patients who received CRT in our hospital from 2005-06 to 2013-05 were studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups: True LBBB group,n=13 patients conformed to new diagnostic standard and False LBBB group, n=6 patients conformed to traditional diagnostic standard. Pre- and Post-operative LVEF, LVEDD, QRS duration (QRSd) and IVMD were compared in all patients; post-operative LVEF, LVEDD, QRSd, IVMD and Tmsv16-SD, Tmsv16-Dif were compared between 2 groups. Results: The post-operative LVEF, LVEDD, QRSd and IVMD were improved than pre-operative condition in both groups. Compared with False LBBB group, the improvements were more obvious in True LBBB group as LVEDD by mm (5.95±0.72 vs 7.13±0.78), IVMD by ms (22.45±8.00 vs 27.63±13.09), and QRSd by ms (140.38±5.80 vs 153.68±14.38), all P<0.01. The post-operative LVEF and Tmsv16-SD, Tmsv16-Dif were similar between 2 groups. Conclusion: CHF patients combining either true or false LBBB could be beneift from CRT, while the patients with true LBBB may receive better clinical outcomes from CRT.