The article discusses the problems and challenges that will be met in the pathology teaching pratice in English for international students as well as the way to solve the problems.

Rapid development of personalized medicine in cancer treatments needs urgent support of proper tumor biomarkers.Comparing to tissue tests,serum/plasma tumor biomarkers show advantages in easy sample collection and flexibility of detecting methods.Nowadays,large scales of investigations have discovered sufficient blood tumor biomarkers for preclinical diagnosis and evaluation of clinical treatment or prognosis,with the development of screening techniques and strategies.Moreover,tremendous promotion would appear in cancer diagnosis and treatment with future profound investigation and rigorous verification from clinical practice.

The fusion gene between echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has recently been identified as a new molecular target of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ clinical trials have observed remarkably clinical efficacy of ALK inhibitors in NSCLC patients harboring EML4-ALK translocations, with response rates exceeding ＞ 80%. Investigation of EML4-ALK's biological functions and its correlation with clinical characteristics may shed some light on a new treatment strategy for NSCLC.

Objective:To investigate the value of serum matrix metalloproteinases- 9(MMP-9) level in the diagnosis of recurrence of endometriasis(EMs) after operation.Methods:Sixty-nine patients who had a previous operations for endometriosis were recruited in the study from February 2002 to March 2005. All the patient were examined by laparoscopy 6-12 months later after surgery. The serum were collected from the 69 patients and 25 health women for MMP-9 level measurement. ELISA was used to measure the level of serum MMP-9.Results:Twenty-two recurrent patients were diagnosed by Laparoscopy. The level of serum MMP-9 were 252.21?17.90 ng/ml in patients with recurrent endometriosis, 31.26?1.84 ng/ml in patients without recurrent endometriosis, 12.93?0.57 ng/ml in women without endometriosis. There was a clinical significance between the recurrent endometriosis group and non-recurrent endometriosis group and health women. The sensitivity for detection of recurrent endometriosis was 90.9% and the specificity was 85.1% using serum MMP-9 profile.Conclusion:Serum MMP-9 measurement is a sensitive, specific and non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of recurrent endometriosis.

As the precision medicine has been proposed , personalized therapy in cancer steps into a new stage.Since the development of gene molecular biology in lung cancer , numerous molecular targets were discovered.However, selecting patients who will be the most likely to benefit from the therapy is still a great challenge in clinical practice .Companion diagnosis could help evaluate the status of patients , which may provide better suggestions for health care professionals during treatment decision , in order to benefit the patients and decline the side effects risk together .Besides, high-throughput sequencing technics and diverse detection samples has provided a novel direction to understand the tumorigenesis and find more potential gene targets.

Cancer is a serious threat to human health with high morbidity and high mortality , using vitro tumor diagnostic reagents can improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.In order to develop the value of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents in clinical use , this article would analyze “in vitro diagnostic reagents technical guidelines for clinical research” ,“in vitro diagnostic reagents registration” and other laws and regulations ,as well as the development of research in domestic and foreign.To discuss the clinical scheme design and development trend of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents.

Objective To discuss two simulation studies on the closed and open peritoneum in abdomenal operations. Meth-ods We selected 120 domestic female rabbits from animal laboratory of Qi Qi Ha’er Medical College at random and divided them into four groups(according to whether the peritoneum was open or not,the degree of peritoneum defect at the right side of incision and the existence of peritoneum hemorrhagic focus ),with 30 cases in each group. Group Ⅰ: no peritoneum suture and making a defect of 4cm?3cm at the right side of the incision; Group Ⅱ: no peritoneum suture and making a defect of 4cm?3cm at the right side of the incision,with a hemorrhagic focus at peritoneum defect;Group Ⅲ: with peritoneum suture; Group Ⅳ:with dense and compact peritoneum suture.And then we analyzed postoperative peritoneum healing progress. Results Observeations of the incision infection by the naked eye were that one case was identified in group Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ;and a significant difference of occurrence rate was identified between the fallowing groups: groupⅠandⅡ(P

Detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the most commonly used screening method for prostate cancer. However, many studies have found that the false positive rate and false negative rate of PSA detection for prostate cancer screening are very high, which easily leads to the overuse of PSA detection. Autoantibodies appear at the early stage of cancer, accompany the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. Autoantibodies have a long half-life and are easy to detect. Existing studies have found that autoantibodies can be used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and correlated with some prognostic indicators such as Gleason grade and overall survival (OS) of prostate cancer patients. This paper summarized 8 studies on the role of single autoantibody in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Most of the reported single autoantibodies have better diagnostic performance than PSA, and combined application could improve the diagnostic performance. Some autoantibodies are related to a poor prognosis of prostate cancer.

Objective To analyze the clinical and histopathological features,immunophenotypes,treatment and prognosis of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma (SPTL).Methods Clinical and experimental data were collected from 9 cases of SPTL,and retrospectively analyzed.Related pathological and immunohistochemical markers were examined by Envision method.Eight patients were followed up.Results Of the 9 patients,8 had multiple subcutaneous nodules and plaques,which mainly involved the lower limbs in 8 patients and the trunk in 6 patients.Seven patients had fever.Three patients were subjected to the whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT),and 7 to bone marrow aspiration.No visceral tumors and hemophagocytic syndrome were found.Histopathological examination of skin lesions showed atypical mononuclear cells with large nuclei and deep staining,which mainly infiltrated the subcutaneous adipose tissue and were arranged in a circular pattern.Among 9 patients,infiltration of tumor cells was observed around skin appendages and blood vessels in the dermis in 5 patients.Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining for βF1,CD3 and CD8 in tumor cells in 9 cases,positive staining for granzyme B and T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) in 8 cases,and negative staining for CD4,CD20,CD30 and CD56 in all the patients.Five patients received chemotherapy,including a child and a postpartum woman.One child received methylprednisoloue pulse therapy.During the follow-up,8 patients achieved a complete clinical remission after treatment.Conclusion SPTL is derived from α/β T cells,and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations can be helpful for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Objective To quantify the perfusion parameters of normal pancreas and pancreatic carcinoma with three-dimension (3D) fast spoiled gradient echo dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI on 3.0T MR system, and to assess the value of 3D DCE-MRI in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Methods Thirty-four patients with pathology verified pancreatic carcinoma and 31 control subjects with normal pancreas (without pancreatic diseases) underwent DCE-MRI with 3D LAVA sequence of ten phases. The data were processed on ADW 4.2 workstation. The perfusion parameters of the head, body and tail of normal pancreas, together with lesion and non-lesion area of pancreatic carcinoma were measured and statistically analyzed, including signal enhancement ratio at 30 s after injection (SER_(30)), signal enhancement ratio at 90 s after injection(SER_(90)), positive enhancement integral (PEI), time to peak (TTP) and maximum slope of increase (MSI). Results There was no significant perfusion difference among head, body or tail of normal pancreas (P>0.05). The difference of SER_(30), PEI, TTP and MSI between lesion and non-lesion region of carcinous pancreas was significant (P<0.05). The TTP between normal pancreas and the non-lesion region of carcinous pancreas was significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion Normal pancreas has no regional perfusion difference. The data from DCE-MRI provide reliable information for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and for the assessment of the invasion of pancreatic carcinoma. The difference in TTP between the normal pancreas and non-lesion region of carcinous pancreas suggest the existing of potential lesions.