[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the safety of the head and neck muscle pedicle flap or flaps with single vascular pedicle.METHODSThe characteristics of thoracoacromial artery were investigated in 20 autopsy cases. Farthest point into the muscle were checked by preoperative ultrasonography and intraoperative localization with perspective observation, the muscles 1-2 cm above the farthest point were cut off from the donor site, forming a simple arteriovenous island flap pedicled pectoralis major muscle. Using the same technology and methods, sternocleidomastoid island and lower trapezius island flap were harvested.RESULTSAnatomical observation revealed thoracoacromial artery single type accounts for 12.5% (5/40), double vessel type 67.5% (27/40), multiple vessel type 20% (8/40). The rate of furthest point localization with preoperative ultrasound was 29.1% (14/48), the DSA successfully developed breast artery perforator in 66.7% (12/18) of the cases. Forty eight pectoralis major island muscle flaps, 12 internal mammary artery flaps, 18 chin flaps, 4 lower trapezius island myocutaneous flaps, 4 sternocleidomastoid island myocutaneous flaps, 3 transverse cervical artery island shaped flaps, 3 thoracoacromial artery perforator island flaps were harvested. Two flaps were failure. Partial necrosis occurred in 3 pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps.CONCLUSIONThe design of single vascular pedicle island flap for the head and neck defects is feasible and safe, and patients benefite not only for easily shaped the island flap, but also for the region appearance and function preservation in both the donor site and recipient site.

The paper gives a comprehensive account of the current situation of SARS treatment and analyzes the features of the disease and its prevention and treatment, viz. SARS treatment has been conducted without RCT studies; the life quality of cured SARS patients has lowered; there is the possibility of repeated SARS outbreaks and spread; and the effectiveness of some therapeutic regimes needs to be ascertained. For this reason, it is suggested that evidence-based medicine be used in screening therapeutic regimes for SARS and that systematic assessments and standardizations be conducted so as to work out favorable regimes for SARS treatment and make efficient use of limited health resources.

Based on modern management theories and in light of the realities of China and leadership practice, the paper analyzesd the characteristics of deputy leaders in a hospital and discussesd the specific ideas, qualities and capabilities that they must possess. It was put forward that in order to make accomplishments in strategic management and implementations, deputy leaders in the hospital should position themselves appropriately, improve their qualities, persist in learning, enhance their capabilities, attach importance to investigations and enhance their communicative ability. At the same time, they should have such qualities the as strict self-discipline, dedication, exploration, responsibility, and self-restraint as well as good communication skills. They should also have the capabilities for strategic implementations, detail management, grasp of the overall situation, harmonious teamwork, complex thinking and accomplishments in accordance with the circumstances.

Writing is a general course in universities.In writing,critical thinking can also be taught.Writing makes critical thinking visible.In teaching,teachers should change teaching methods and to emphasize on process and on students' learning.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the cervical dermatoglyphics distribution in 229 participants, and to design dermatoglyphic incision for cervical lymph nodes dissection, including II , III, IV or/and V regions, in accordance with the requirement for cosmetology. METHOD: To keep the patient's head right forward when the number and locations of the dermatoglyphy were collected by macroscopic observation. Upper Cricoid-Region is defined as the region above the cricoids, and Cricoids-Collarbone-Region is referred to the region below the cricoids. The relationship among the distribution of cervical dermatoglyph, patients' age, gender, and body mass index were analyzed. According to the distribution of cervical dermatoglyph, when performing the regional cervical lymph nodes dissection in patients with laryngocarcinoma and thyroid cancer, cervical dermatoglyphy incision or parallel dermatoglyphy incision were designed, and the operation time, operative complications, and cosmetology effects after surgery were observed. RESULT: Distribution of cervical dermatoglyphics was statistically correlated to the age, gender, and body mass index (P < 0.05) of patients. The follow-up time were 12 months to 49 months, 19 months on average. Average operating time of unilateral lymph nodes dissection was (46 +/- 12) minutes. Patients undergone the designs of cervical dermatoglyphy incision or parallel dermatoglyphy incision, suffered neither skinflap necrosis nor accessory nerve injury. One patient had lymphatic fistula after surgery, and relieved by conservative treatment. One with T3 N2 M0 laryngocarcinoma got V region lymph nodes recurrence 6-months after surgery. CONCLUSION The cervical lymph nodes dissection with dermatoglyphy design is safe with prominent cosmetology effects. It will take a little longer time to perform the neck dissection with the dermatoglyphy incision in the beginning.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dermatoglyphics ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; anatomy & histology ; Neck Dissection ; methods ; Young Adult

Otitis media with effusion (OME) was first described by Austrian otologist POLITZERZAI in 1867. The main feature is ear effusion and conductive hearing loss. However the etiology and pathogenesis of OME has not been clear up to now. It is thought that OME can be induced by upper respiratory infection,also can arise after radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Presently the dysfunction of eustachian tube,infection of middle ear and allergic reaction are considered to be the major causes of OME. In recent years, more and more researches have concerned in immune response and otitis media with effusion.
Animals ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; etiology ; immunology

The principal role of neutrophils in tissue repair has long been thought to be confined to killing bacteria and clearing necrotic tissue. However, recent studies have shown that neutrophils are also one of the sources of pro inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, such as IL 1, TNF ?, bFGF, VEGF,TGF ? 1 that probably serve as the earliest signals to activate local fibroblasts, epidermal cells and vascular endothelial cells and initiate tissue repair. It was also reported that neutrophils improved the proliferation removal of injured epithelial cells in airway and corneal epithelial cells. It is very important for the successful tissue repair that the function of neutrophils is normal.

Objective To observe the adsorption of fentanyl by different materials of the analgesic pump reservoir. Methods The concentrations of fentanyl in pump reservoirs,which were made by different materials （glass,silica gel,polyvinyl chloride,non polyvinyl chloride） were detected with the time by high-performance liquid chromatography. The measurement was repeated three times.Results Fentanyl concentration in these reservoirs decreased with time,which decreased 6.3% in silica gel reservoir （P0.05）,2.7% in non polyvinyl chloride（P0.05）,1.5% in PVC and 1.2% in glass bottles.Conclusion Fentanyl citrate will be adsorbed by different materials of analgesia pump reservoir within 72 h,and the adsorption sequence was silica capsule,non polyvinyl chloride,polyvinyl chloride,and glass bottles.

Proteome is defined as all proteins expressed in a cell, a tissue or an organism. Proteomics, a science of understanding the life activity law at the whole protein level, takes proteome as a research object; it is also a scientific method for quantitative detection of one or more protein populations or proteomes in a cell or tissue. Cerebral ischemic preconditioning has been one of the research hotspots in the field of neuroscience for decades. Its neuroprotec-five mechanism is associated with the changes of protein expression levels after cerebral ischemia, Therefore, proteomics has become more and more important in its mechanism study. This article mainly presents the major techniques of proteomics and their application in the studies of cerebral ischemic preconditioning.